Abstract: The invention features the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders associated with an innate immune response triggered by alpha amylase inhibitor CM3, alpha amylase inhibitor 0.19 (0.19), CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM 16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or alpha amylase inhibitor 0.53 (0.53). To this end, the invention features pharmaceutical compositions including neutralizing antibodies to CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53, food products containing reduced levels of CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM1 6, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 protein, the use of oral TLR4 inhibitors to block the effect of said alpha-amylase inhibitors, assays for identifying CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 content in food products, and assays for diagnosing subjects with a disorder related to CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM 16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 triggered innate immune responses.

Abstract: Featured are methods of diagnosing and treating liver disease.

Abstract: The invention features the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders associated with an innate immune response triggered by alpha amylase inhibitor CM3, alpha amylase inhibitor 0.19 (0.19), CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM 16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or alpha amylase inhibitor 0.53 (0.53). To this end, the invention features pharmaceutical compositions including neutralizing antibodies to CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53, food products containing reduced levels of CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM1 6, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 protein, the use of oral TLR4 inhibitors to block the effect of said alpha-amylase inhibitors, assays for identifying CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 content in food products, and assays for diagnosing subjects with a disorder related to CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM 16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 triggered innate immune responses.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing a liver disease comprises the steps of: a) obtaining a biological sample from a human or animal subject, b) determining one or more biomarkers that are associated with said liver disease, c) measuring the level of said one or more biomarkers in said biological sample, d) comparing said level of said one or more biomarkers to a control level of said one or more biomarkers, and e) providing a treatment for said liver disease in said human or animal subject to a differing level of at least one of said one or more biomarkers has been detected based on analyzing the above steps, wherein said biomarker is a protein or a peptide fragment thereof selected from the group consisting of: Kininogen-1, Nesprin-1, Vitronectin, Nieman-Pick C1-like protein 1, Protocadherin Fat 4, Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HERC2, Extracellular matrix protein FRAS1, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UBR3, WD repeat-containing protein 90, Ephrin type-B receptor 3, Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MYCBP2, Transien

Abstract: The invention features the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders associated with an innate immune response tiggered by alpha amylase inhibitor CM3, alpha amylase inhibitor 0.19 (0.19), CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or alpha amylase inhibitor 0.53 (0.53). To this end, the invention features pharmaceutical compositions including neutralizing antibodies to CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53, food products containing reduced levels of CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 protein, the use of oral TLR4 inhibitors to block the effect of said alpha-amylase inhibitors, assays for identifying CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 content in food products, and assays for diagnosing subjects with a disorder related to CM3, 0.19, CM1, CM2, CMa, CMd, CM16, CMb, CMX1/CMX3, CMX2, and/or 0.53 triggered innate immune responses.

Abstract: The invention provides live attenuated avirulent strains of Francisella tularensis, as well as methods for their preparation and use in protecting a mammal against infection with F. tularensis and against tularemia.