Abstract: A lubricants value chain (LVC) may be managed by a computer-implemented method comprising: providing a plurality of data representative of a LVC and a plurality of hypothetical inputs representative of changes to the data into an isolated data processing environment; converting the plurality of data into one or more scenarios based upon the plurality of hypothetical inputs in the isolated data processing environment; filtering the scenarios based upon one or more properties thereof to create one or more filtered scenarios; processing the filtered scenarios to generate one or more optimized scenarios using a two-stage optimization algorithm in which first and second stages of the optimization algorithm are conducted in sequence and separately from each other, the first stage of the optimization algorithm comprising recipe optimization and the second stage of the optimization algorithm comprising value chain optimization; and determining from the optimized scenarios outputs that optimize profit within the LVC.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I in free or salt form, wherein R1 and R2 have the meanings as indicated in the specification, are useful for treating inflammatory conditions, particularly inflammatory or obstructive airways diseases. Pharmaceutical compositions that contain the compounds and processes for preparing the compounds are also described.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I free or salt form, wherein —C—Y—, R1 and R2 are G have the meanings as indicated in the specification, are useful for treating conditions that are prevented or alleviated by activation of the ?2-adrenoreceptor. Pharmaceutical compositions that contain the compounds and a process for preparing the compounds are also described.