Abstract: A purification column is provided in which fluid is purified by flow through a purifying component. The column includes an annular wall defining a bore which, in use, contains the purifying component. The column further includes an inlet port to the bore comprising a first aperture through the annular wall, the inlet port being adjacent one end of the column. The column further includes an outlet port from the bore comprising a second aperture through the annular wall, the outlet port being adjacent the same end of the column as the inlet port. The column further includes a flow guidance device within the bore and removably connected to the inlet and outlet ports for guiding the fluid to the purifying component from the inlet port and for guiding the fluid from the purifying component to the outlet port. The flow guidance device maintains separation of the fluid flows to and from the purifying component.

Abstract: A purification column is provided in which fluid is purified by flow through a purifying component. The column includes an annular wall defining a bore which, in use, contains the purifying component. The column further includes an inlet port to the bore comprising a first aperture through the annular wall, the inlet port being adjacent one end of the column. The column further includes an outlet port from the bore comprising a second aperture through the annular wall, the outlet port being adjacent the same end of the column as the inlet port. The column further includes a flow guidance device within the bore and removably connected to the inlet and outlet ports for guiding the fluid to the purifying component from the inlet port and for guiding the fluid from the purifying component to the outlet port. The flow guidance device maintains separation of the fluid flows to and from the purifying component.

Abstract: A filter assembly for collecting material entrained in a fluid stream includes a filter element having a tubular filter and an end cap providing a flow conduit which extends between first and second conduit openings communicating with the internal void of the tubular filter. A housing for the filter element has inlet and outlet ports for the fluid stream, a housing bowl in which the tubular filter is located, and a housing head which provides at least one of the ports as a docking port for the first conduit opening. The housing head and end cap are arranged such that the end cap is inserted into the housing head, and then rotated relative to the housing head about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the tubular filter and to the axis of the first conduit.

Abstract: A purification column is provided in which fluid is purified by flow through a purifying component. The column includes an annular wall defining a bore which, in use, contains the purifying component. The column further includes an inlet port to the bore comprising a first aperture through the annular wall, the inlet port being adjacent one end of the column. The column further includes an outlet port from the bore comprising a second aperture through the annular wall, the outlet port being adjacent the same end of the column as the inlet port. The column further includes a flow guidance device within the bore and removably connected to the inlet and outlet ports for guiding the fluid to the purifying component from the inlet port and for guiding the fluid from the purifying component to the outlet port. The flow guidance device maintains separation of the fluid flows to and from the purifying component.

Abstract: An adjustable flow control device is provided which has a valve body containing a series of orifices of varying diameter and an indexable valve cover which includes at least one flow conduit which can be positioned and locked in a sealable manner over a chosen orifice while the remaining part of the valve cover closes off the other orifices of the valve body. Due to the device having fixed size orifices, each orifice will provide a fixed specific fluid flow rate for any predetermined pressure loss across the orifice. The device is suitable for use on all types of gas and liquid fluids.

Abstract: A banked purification system having, in flow series, an inlet for entry of a fluid, a bank of two or more purification columns in which the fluid is purified by a purifying component, and an outlet for discharging the purified fluid, the columns being arranged in parallel such that the fluid from the inlet splits at first ends of the columns into respective streams which flow through the columns and recombine at second ends of the columns for onward travel to the outlet; wherein the columns have first ports in the side walls of the columns at the first ends, the first ports being connected to each other such that the first ends are placed in fluid communication to create a manifold from the first ends of the columns which splits the fluid from the inlet into said streams.

Abstract: An adjustable flow control device is provided which has a valve body containing a series of orifices of varying diameter and an indexable valve cover which includes at least one flow conduit which can be positioned and locked in a sealable manner over a chosen orifice whilst the remaining part of the valve cover closes off the other orifices of the valve body. Due to the device having fixed size orifices, each orifice will provide a fixed specific fluid flow rate for any predetermined pressure loss across the orifice. The device is suitable for use on all types of gas and liquid fluids.

Abstract: A purification column is provided in which fluid is purified by flow through a purifying component. The column includes an annular wall defining a bore which, in use, contains the purifying component. The column further includes an inlet port to the bore comprising a first aperture through the annular wall, the inlet port being adjacent one end of the column. The column further includes an outlet port from the bore comprising a second aperture through the annular wall, the outlet port being adjacent the same end of the column as the inlet port. The column further includes a flow guidance device within the bore and removably connected to the inlet and outlet ports for guiding the fluid to the purifying component from the inlet port and for guiding the fluid from the purifying component to the outlet port. The flow guidance device maintains separation of the fluid flows to and from the purifying component.

Abstract: A filter assembly for collecting material entrained in a fluid stream includes a filter element having a tubular filter and an end cap providing a flow conduit which extends between first and second conduit openings communicating with the internal void of the tubular filter. A housing for the filter element has inlet and outlet ports for the fluid stream, a housing bowl in which the tubular filter is located, and a housing head which provides at least one of the ports as a docking port for the first conduit opening.

Abstract: A banked purification system having, in flow series, an inlet for entry of a fluid, a bank of two or more purification columns in which the fluid is purified by a purifying component, and an outlet for discharging the purified fluid, the columns being arranged in parallel such that the fluid from the inlet splits at first ends of the columns into respective streams which flow through the columns and recombine at second ends of the columns for onward travel to the outlet; wherein the columns have first ports in the side walls of the columns at the first ends, the first ports being connected to each other such that the first ends are placed in fluid communication to create a manifold from the first ends of the columns which splits the fluid from the inlet into said streams.

Abstract: A router is operative to perform the following actions for each one of a plurality of wireless mobile devices operating in a wireless network. The router transmits to the wireless mobile device a number of data packets matched for a window size. The router changes the window size for the wireless mobile device based on whether a round trip time for communicating the data packets is within a threshold value. The router will update the threshold value based on the round trip times associated with traffic communicated via the router for all of the wireless mobile devices.

Abstract: A router system receives from a host service a message which is intended for delivery to a mobile device via a wireless network. The message includes at least a first field having an identifier which identifies the mobile device, a second field having a payload of the message, and a third field having a return packet indication on whether to return a return packet to the host service. The router system examines the indication in the message and, if the indication is set to a first setting, the router system returns to the host service a return packet which indicates a status associated with the message for delivery to the mobile device. If the indication is set to a second setting, then the router system does not return to the host service the return packet which indicates the status associated with the message for delivery to the mobile device.

Abstract: A router system maintains a status of a wireless device of either available or unavailable. The status of available may be indicative of the wireless device being in-coverage with a wireless network, whereas the status of unavailable may be indicative of the wireless device being out-of-coverage with the wireless network. The router system is adapted to receive, from a host service, a user data message that is addressed to an address of the wireless device. The user data message has a user data payload and one or more request parameters, where the one or more request parameters instruct the router system on whether to return at least a portion of the user data message to the host service when the device status is unavailable. In response to the user data message being received at the router system when the device status is available, the router system delivers the user data message to the wireless device via the wireless network.

Abstract: A router is operative to perform the following actions for each one of a plurality of wireless devices operating in a wireless network. The router initially transmits a number of data packets matched for a window size which corresponds to a default window size. The router then measures a round trip time (RTT) associated with communication of each of the transmitted packets. The router increases the window size if the RTT associated with the communication of each of the transmitted packets is within a first threshold. On the other hand, the router decreases the window size if the RTT associated with the communication of any of the transmitted packets is more than the first threshold but less than a second threshold. The router sets or updates at least one of the first or the second thresholds based on traffic communicated to the plurality of wireless devices via the router.

Abstract: A filter assembly is provided for removing entrained material from a fluid stream. The assembly includes a manifold with a port through which the fluid is received into or removed from the assembly, and a housing into which is inserted a tubular filter element having walls of a filtration medium. The housing and the manifold have joining formations which allow them to be joined together and separated apart by relative rotation. The filter element has an end cap thereon which sealingly engages with the manifold. The end cap has an opening therein which accepts fluid received through the port and feeds the fluid into the interior of the filter element or which accepts fluid received from the interior of the filter element and feeds the fluid to the port. The filter element is insertable into the housing along the axial direction of the filter element.

Abstract: In one example, a method in a wireless router system for transmitting data packets to a mobile device through a wireless network based upon a round trip time is provided. A number of packets matched for a window size are transmitted to the mobile device, and a round trip time is measured. The window size for data packet transmission is re-sized by increasing the window size if the round trip time is within a first threshold, and decreasing the window size if the round trip time is more than the first threshold but less than a second threshold. The window size is also decreased if the round trip time is more than the second threshold, where each such data packet is further marked as a lost packet. A number of packets matched for the re-sized window is subsequently transmitted, including a retransmission any packets marked as lost.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a wireless communication system used for transmitting and receiving information, the information not containing identification of the information's intended recipient. A method for transmitting payload information, the method comprising providing verification information scrambling a portion of the verification information and transmitting the payload information with the scrambled verification information portion. Also provided is a method for processing transmitted payload information incorporated into an encoded information message with scrambled verification information, the method comprising receiving the encoded information message descrambling at least a portion of the scrambled verification information and comparing said descrambled verification information with predetermined verification information processing said payload information based on said comparison.

Abstract: A router system maintains a status of a wireless device of either available or unavailable. The status of available may be indicative of the wireless device being in-coverage with a wireless network, whereas the status of unavailable may be indicative of the wireless device being out-of-coverage with the wireless network. The router system is adapted to receive, from a host service, a user data message that is addressed to an address of the wireless device. The user data message has a user data payload and one or more request parameters, where the one or more request parameters instruct the router system on whether to return at least a portion of the user data message to the host service when the device status is unavailable. In response to the user data message being received at the router system when the device status is available, the router system delivers the user data message to the wireless device via the wireless network.

Abstract: A wireless communication system, comprising a host service, a wireless router system coupled to the host service, a wireless network coupling the wireless router system and a wireless mobile communication device (“mobile device”), adaptively delivers data to the mobile device in the wireless communication system using a notification message delivery mechanism. Mobile device reports its session state to the wireless router at a regular interval or if there is a change in state. The host service sends out a message to the wireless router to query the state of the mobile device. If the state of the mobile device is determined to be in coverage (or logged on), the host service sends down the data message to the mobile device using a payload message (MTH) with certain parameters configured. The data is temporarily stored at the wireless router. If the device is available, the message is sent to the device over the wireless network.

Abstract: A wireless communication system, comprising a host service, a wireless router system coupled to the host service, a wireless network coupling the wireless router system and a wireless mobile communication device (“mobile device”), adaptively delivers data to the mobile device in the wireless communication system using a notification message delivery mechanism. Mobile device reports its session state to the wireless router at a regular interval or if there is a change in state. The host service sends out a message to the wireless router to query the state of the mobile device. If the state of the mobile device is determined to be in coverage (or logged on), the host service sends down the data message to the mobile device using a payload message (MTH) with certain parameters configured. The data is temporarily stored at the wireless router. If the device is available, the message is sent to the device over the wireless network.