Abstract: A silicate-based lanthanide ion doped material converts electromagnetic radiation energy of a longer wavelength of below 530 nm to electromagnetic radiation energy of shorter wavelengths in the range of 220 to 425 nm. The silicate-based material is a crystalline silicate material doped with lanthanide ions selected from praseodymium, gadolinium, erbium, and neodymium. For co-doping, at least two of the lanthanide ions are used. The silicate-based material is obtainable from a blend comprising salts and an organic solvent, followed by specific calcination processes and tribological impacts to adjust particle size and to increase the crystallinity of the particles. The silicate-based material can be used to inactivate microorganisms or cells covering a surface containing the silicate-based material under exposure of electromagnetic radiation energy of a longer wavelength of below 500 nm.

Abstract: A process can be used for the preparation of an up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I): A1-x-y-zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1x,Ln2z,??(I). The process involves preparing a mixture, introducing the mixture into a reaction chamber of a thermal apparatus, heating the mixture until a thermal treatment temperature is reached with a heating ramp, thermally treating the heated mixture for a holding time of at least 0.02 h, cooling the thermally treated material to room temperature while maintaining a cooling ramp, and obtaining a silicate-based lanthanoid ion-doped phosphor according to formula (I).

Abstract: A curable composition for production of coatings having an antimicrobial property, contains at least one film-forming polymer, optionally at least one additive and/or at least one curing agent, and at least one up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I): A1-x-y-zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1x,Ln2z. In the general formula (I), x=0.0001-0.0500; z=0.0000 or z=0.0001 to 0.3000 with the proviso that: y=x+z; A is selected from Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba; B is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs; B* is selected from Li, Na and K; and preferably B and B* are not the same. Additionally, Ln1 is selected from praseodymium (Pr), erbium (Er), and neodymium (Nd); and Ln2 is gadolinium (Gd). The phosphor has been prepared using at least one halogen-containing flux.

Abstract: A water-based curable composition, for production of coatings having an antimicrobial property, contains at least one film-forming polymer, optionally at least one additive and/or at least one curing agent, and at least one up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I): A1-x-y-zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1x,Ln2z. In the general formula (I), x=0.0001-0.0500; z=0.0000 or z=0.0001 to 0.3000 with the proviso that: y=x+z; A is selected from Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba; B is selected from Li, Na, K. Rb and Cs; B* is selected from Li, Na and K; and preferably B and B* are not the same. Additionally, Ln1 is selected from praseodymium (Pr), erbium (Er), and neodymium (Nd); and Ln2 is gadolinium (Gd). The phosphor, as a result of an aftertreatment, includes at least one material which has a band gap of greater than 6.0 electronvolts (eV) and is hydrolysis-stable.

Abstract: Plastic products containing at least one synthetic material and at least one luminophore of general formula (I) A1?x?y?zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1xLn2z can be produced. A is selected from the group of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba; B is selected from the group of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs; B* is selected from among the group of Li, Na and K; and B=B* or B?B*, preferably B?B*. Ln1 is selected from among the group consisting of praseodymium (Pr), erbium (Er) and neodymium (Nd); Ln2 is gadolinium (Gd); x=0.0001 to 0.0500; z=0.0000 or z=0.0001 to 0.3000, with the proviso that y=x+z. Objects that are made of the plastic products can be produced.

Abstract: Plastic products contain at least one synthetic material and at least one luminophore of the general formula (I) Lu3?a?b?nLnb(Mg1?zCaz)aLin(Al1?u?vGauScv)5?a?2n(Si1?d?eZrdHfe)a+2nO12 (I), where a=0-1, 1?b>0, d=0-1, e=0-1, n=0-1, z=0-1, u=0-1, and v=0-1, with the proviso that u+v?1 and d+e?1. Ln is selected from praseodymium (Pr), gadolinium (Gd), erbium (Er), neodymium (Nd), and yttrium (Y). Objects containing the plastic product and objects made therefrom are also provided.

Abstract: A process can be used for the preparation of an up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I) The process involves providing i) at least one lanthanoid salt, ii) a silicate or a silicon dioxide, iii) at least one alkaline earth metal salt and at least one alkali metal salt, and iv) at least one flux. The process then involves either mixing components i), ii), iii) and iv) by grinding to obtain a mixture; or mixing components i), ii), iii) and iv) in an organic polar or nonpolar solvent that is not a protic solvent by grinding to obtain a mixture, and precalcining the mixture. The process further involves calcining the mixture, and obtaining a silicate-based up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I), preferably after cooling the material. At least 3.5% by weight of flux is used, based on the total amount of the reactants.

Abstract: A process can be used for the preparation of an up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I): A1-x-y-zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1x,Ln2z, ??(I). The process involves preparing a mixture, introducing the mixture into a reaction chamber of a thermal apparatus, heating the mixture until a thermal treatment temperature is reached with a heating ramp, thermally treating the heated mixture for a holding time of at least 0.02 h, cooling the thermally treated material to room temperature while maintaining a cooling ramp, and obtaining a silicate-based lanthanoid ion-doped phosphor according to formula (I).

Abstract: A curable composition for production of coatings with an antimicrobial property contains at least one film-forming polymer, at least one up-conversion phosphor, optionally, at least one additive, and optionally, at least one curing agent. The phosphor is selected from the idealized general formula (I), A1-x-y-zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1x,Ln2z,, where x=0.0001-0.05, z=0 or z=0.0001 to 0.3, and y=x+z; A is selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba; B is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs; B* is selected from Li, Na, and K; where B is the same as B* or B is not the same as B*, and B and B* are preferably not the same; Ln1 is selected from praseodymium (Pr), erbium (Er), and neodymium (Nd); and Ln2 is optionally selected from gadolinium (Gd).

Abstract: A garnet is doped with a lanthanide ion selected from praseodymium, gadolinium, erbium, and neodymium. For co-doping, at least two of the lanthanide ions are selected. The lanthanide ion doped garnet converts electromagnetic radiation energy of a longer wavelength of below 530 nm to electromagnetic radiation energy of shorter wavelengths in the range of 220 to 425 nm. The garnet is crystalline and is obtainable from a mixture of salts or oxides of the components, in the presence of a chelating agent, that are dissolved in acid. This is followed by a specific calcination process to produce the garnet and, optionally, to adjust particle size and increase the crystallinity of the particles. The garnet can be used to inactivate microorganisms or cells covering a surface containing silicate-based material under exposure of electromagnetic radiation energy of a longer wavelength of below 500 nm.

Abstract: A silicate-based lanthanide ion doped material converts electromagnetic radiation energy of a longer wavelength of below 530 nm to electromagnetic radiation energy of shorter wavelengths in the range of 220 to 425 nm. The silicate-based material is a crystalline silicate material doped with lanthanide ions selected from praseodymium, gadolinium, erbium, and neodymium. For co-doping, at least two of the lanthanide ions are used. The silicate-based material is obtainable from a blend comprising salts and an organic solvent, followed by specific calcination processes and tribological impacts to adjust particle size and to increase the crystallinity of the particles. The silicate-based material can be used to inactivate microorganisms or cells covering a surface containing the silicate-based material under exposure of electromagnetic radiation energy of a longer wavelength of below 500 nm.

Abstract: A water-based curable composition, for production of coatings having an antimicrobial property, contains at least one film-forming polymer, optionally at least one additive and/or at least one curing agent, and at least one up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I): A1-x-y-zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1x,Ln2z. In the general formula (I), x=0.0001-0.0500; z=0.0000 or z=0.0001 to 0.3000 with the proviso that: y=x+z; A is selected from Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba; B is selected from Li, Na, K. Rb and Cs; B* is selected from Li, Na and K; and preferably B and B* are not the same. Additionally, Ln1 is selected from praseodymium (Pr), erbium (Er), and neodymium (Nd); and Ln2 is gadolinium (Gd). The phosphor, as a result of an aftertreatment, includes at least one material which has a band gap of greater than 6.0 electronvolts (eV) and is hydrolysis-stable.

Abstract: A curable composition for production of coatings having an antimicrobial property, contains at least one film-forming polymer, optionally at least one additive and/or at least one curing agent, and at least one up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I): A1-x-y-zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1x,Ln2z. In the general formula (I), x=0.0001-0.0500; z=0.0000 or z=0.0001 to 0.3000 with the proviso that: y=x+z; A is selected from Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba; B is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs; B* is selected from Li, Na and K; and preferably B and B* are not the same. Additionally, Ln1 is selected from praseodymium (Pr), erbium (Er), and neodymium (Nd); and Ln2 is gadolinium (Gd). The phosphor has been prepared using at least one halogen-containing flux.

Abstract: A formulation contains a curable composition having component A, component B, component C, and component D. Component A may have at least one polysiloxane. Component B may have at least one polyether bearing silyl groups and/or reaction products of a polyether bearing silyl groups with one or more isocyanate-containing compounds. Component C may have at least one catalyst. Component D may have at least one epoxy-functional compound and/or one amino-functional compound. The formulation can be used in a method for coating components that contact process water in an evaporative cooling system, a cooling tower, and/or a wet separator.

Abstract: A curable composition, for production of coatings with an antimicrobial property, contains at least one film-forming polymer, at least one up-conversion phosphor, optionally at least one additive, and optionally at least one curing agent. The phosphor is selected from the idealized general formula (1), Lu3-a-b-nLnb(Mg1-zCaz)aLin(Al1-u-vGauScv)5-a-2n(Si1-d-eZrdHfe)a+2nO12, where a=0-1, 1?b>0, d=0-1, e=0-1, n=0-1, z=0-1, u=0-1, v=0-1; with u+v?1 and d+e?1; Ln=praseodymium (Pr), gadolinium (Gd), erbium (Er), neodymium (Nd), or yttrium (Y); Lu=lutetium; and Li=lithium.

Abstract: A curable composition for production of coatings with an antimicrobial property contains at least one film-forming polymer, at least one up-conversion phosphor, optionally, at least one additive, and optionally, at least one curing agent. The phosphor is selected from the idealized general formula (I), A1-x-y-zB*yB2SiO4:Ln1x,Ln2z,, where x=0.0001-0.05, z=0 or z=0.0001 to 0.3, and y=x+z; A is selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba; B is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs; B* is selected from Li, Na, and K; where B is the same as B* or B is not the same as B*, and B and B* are preferably not the same; Ln1 is selected from praseodymium (Pr), erbium (Er), and neodymium (Nd); and Ln2 is optionally selected from gadolinium (Gd).