Abstract: Provided is a non-aqueous electrolyte solution that achieves a favorable balance between suppressing an increase in resistance and improving metallic Li precipitation resistance in an embodiment that contains LiPO2F2. The non-aqueous electrolyte solution disclosed here is used in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and contains lithium difluorophosphate and a Cs cation-containing compound. When the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolyte solution is taken to be 100 mass %, the content of the lithium difluorophosphate is 1.0 mass % or less and the content of the Cs cation-containing compound is 0.1 to 0.5 mass %.

Abstract: A vehicle hood structure, which includes an outer panel that forms an outer surface of a vehicle, an inner panel that is disposed below the outer panel and fixedly attached to the outer panel and that has a plurality of beam portions extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, having a hat-shaped section opening downward, and being separated from each other in a lateral direction of the vehicle, and which covers a front part of the vehicle, the vehicle hood structure including: a reinforcing member that is disposed below the inner panel so as to extend in the lateral direction of the vehicle and to have clearance between the reinforcing member and the beam portions, that has a convex shape curved upward in the lateral direction of the vehicle, and that is fixedly fastened at its both ends in the lateral direction of the vehicle to the inner panel.

Abstract: A vehicle hood structure, which includes an outer panel that forms an outer surface of a vehicle, an inner panel that is disposed below the outer panel and fixedly attached to the outer panel and that has a plurality of beam portions extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, having a hat-shaped section opening downward, and being separated from each other in a lateral direction of the vehicle, and which covers a front part of the vehicle, the vehicle hood structure including: a reinforcing member that is disposed below the inner panel so as to extend in the lateral direction of the vehicle and to have clearance between the reinforcing member and the beam portions, that has a convex shape curved upward in the lateral direction of the vehicle, and that is fixedly fastened at its both ends in the lateral direction of the vehicle to the inner panel.

Abstract: A vehicle hood structure, which includes an outer panel that forms an outer surface of a vehicle, an inner panel that is disposed below the outer panel and fixedly attached to the outer panel and that has a plurality of beam portions extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, having a hat-shaped section opening downward, and being separated from each other in a lateral direction of the vehicle, and which covers a front part of the vehicle, the vehicle hood structure including: a reinforcing member that is disposed below the inner panel so as to extend in the lateral direction of the vehicle and to have clearance between the reinforcing member and the beam portions, that has a convex shape curved upward in the lateral direction of the vehicle, and that is fixedly fastened at its both ends in the lateral direction of the vehicle to the inner panel.

Abstract: A blade member 1 is used for removal of residual toner 5 remaining on a surface of a counterpart member 4 in an image forming device employing an electrophotographic system, by sliding contact with the counterpart member 4. The blade member 1 includes a blade body 11 made of a polyurethane rubber using diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a polyester polyol as main raw materials, and a film 12 that covers at least a surface of a sliding contact portion of the blade body 11 to contact with the counterpart member 4. The polyurethane rubber has an international rubber hardness degree of 65 to 85 IRHD, a tan ? peak temperature of 8° C. or lower, and a tan ? peak value of 1.1 or less. The film 12 contains a hydrocarbon polymer as a main component.

Abstract: A blade member 1 is used for removal of residual toner 5 remaining on a surface of a counterpart member 4 in an image forming device employing an electrophotographic system, by sliding contact with the counterpart member 4. The blade member 1 includes a blade body 11 made of a polyurethane rubber using diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a polyester polyol as main raw materials, and a film 12 that covers at least a surface of a sliding contact portion of the blade body 11 to contact with the counterpart member 4. The polyurethane rubber has an international rubber hardness degree of 65 to 85 IRHD, a tan ? peak temperature of 8° C. or lower, and a tan ? peak value of 1.1 or less. The film 12 contains a hydrocarbon polymer as a main component.

Abstract: Allocation of transmission power is carried out adaptively without affecting adjacent cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophotographic imaging member or device and an imaging method using this imaging member, which member or device is comprised of a substrate, a layer of a charge carrier injecting material comprised of carbon or graphite dispersed in a polymer, a layer of a charge carrier transport material, a layer of a photoconductive charge carrier generating material and an electrically insulating overcoating layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an adhesive generating layer for use in an overcoated photoreceptor system, this layer containing a generating pigment dispersed in a copolymer of a siloxane and a dihydroxy compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenes, substituted alkenes, aryl and substituted aryl; Y is a dihydroxy radical; and n is a number of sufficient value that the average molecular weight of the resulting silicone copolymer is between about 2,000 and 250,000. Examples of copolymers include those wherein R and R' are alkyl groups such as methyl and Y is a biphenol such as 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxy phenyl)-propane, one preferred material being a methyl octyl siloxane 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxy phenyl)-propane copolymer.

Abstract: There is described an electrophotographic imaging method which utilizes an imaging member comprising a substrate, a layer of a charge carrier injecting material, a layer of a charge carrier transport material, a layer of a photoconductive charge carrier generating material and an electrically insulating overcoating layer. In operation, the member is charged a first time with electrostatic charges of a first polarity, charged a second time with electrostatic charges of a polarity opposite to said first polarity in order to substantially neutralize the charges residing on the electrically insulating surface of the member and exposed to an imagewise pattern of activating electromagnetic radiation whereby an electrostatic latent image is formed. The electrostatic latent image may be developed to form a visible image which may be transferred to a receiver member. Subsequently the imaging member may be reused to form additional reproductions after erasure and cleaning steps are carried out.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophotographic imaging member or device and an imaging method using this imaging member, which member or device is comprised of a substrate, a layer of a charge carrier injecting material comprised of carbon or graphite dispersed in a polymer, a layer of a charge carrier transport material, a layer of a photoconductive charge carrier generating material and an electrically insulating overcoating layer.

Abstract: There is described an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive metallic substrate, a composite interfacial structure made up of a layer comprising organic thermoplastic polymeric adhesive material and a thin layer of arsenic triselenide, and a photoconductive insulating layer comprising selenium or its alloys. The photoreceptor is formed by a method which includes depositing the arsenic triselenide layer while the substrate temperature is held at or above the softening point of the thermoplastic polymeric adhesive material but below the crystallization temperature of the arsenic triselenide and then depositing a layer of selenium or selenium alloy while the substrate temperature is held below the softening point of adhesive material and below the crystallization temperature of the selenium or selenium alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed is an adhesive generating layer for use in an overcoated photoreceptor system, this layer containing a generating pigment dispersed in a copolymer of a siloxane and a dihydroxy compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenes, substituted alkenes, aryl and substituted aryl; Y is a dihydroxy radical; and n is a number of sufficient value that the average molecular weight of the resulting silicone copolymer is between about 2,000 and 250,000. Examples of copolymers include those wherein R and R' are alkyl groups such as methyl and Y is a biphenol such as 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxy phenyl)-propane, one preferred material being a methyl octyl siloxane 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxy phenyl)-propane copolymer.

Abstract: High quantum yields are provided by sandwiching an insulating layer in contact with a photoconductor between two electrodes. The sandwiched structure in conjunction with an applied electrical potential and excitation light provides an electrical switching device. Optionally, an imaging layer can be included between the photoconductive layer and one of the electrodes, and can be imaged with increased sensitivity.

Abstract: A system for "capturing" charge within the structure of an electrophotographic imaging member in the imagewise exposed areas and thereby creating an electrostatic latent image in the imagewise exposed areas which in preferred embodiments of discrete non-touching particles of electrically photosensitive material stands up better against time, heat and light. Said imaging member is comprised of an insulating layer and electrically porous, mechanically discontinuous electrically photosensitive layer contacting said insulating layer. The process includes (1) charging, (2) imagewise exposure, and (3) promoting the dissipation of charge from the areas which are relatively nonexposed compared to the exposed areas, leaving behind an electrostatic latent image in the imagewise exposed areas. The electrostatic image thus created may be used or developed by any suitable technique other than by causing imagewise migration of said electrically photosensitive material.

Abstract: Increased sensitization of liquid crystalline devices utilizing current flow to provide a change in optical characteristics is provided by sandwiching a photoconductive layer between an insulating layer and a liquid crystalline layer wherein all three layers are placed between two electrodes. The sandwich device is utilized in an imaging method wherein an electrical potential is applied across said device, a bias or sensitizing light is utilized to bring the device up to the threshold for gain photocurrent and then removed, and wherein a subsequent light is utilized to gate or initiate gain photocurrent. Alternatively, the biasing light may be in imagewise configuration which forms a latent image in which case the subsequent light can be a uniform exposure which gates the gain photocurrent, thereby developing the latent image.

Abstract: High quantum yields of gain photocurrent provided by sandwiching an insulating layer in contact with a photoconductor between two electrodes, applying an electrical potential thereacross, and directing excitation light upon the photoconductor are increased by simultaneously impinging the photoconductor with infrared radiation during exposure to the excitation light where the photoconductor comprises selenium or a selenium alloy. In cyclical operation of gain photocurrent devices having a photoconductive layer comprising selenium or a selenium alloy, fatigue effects are overcome by irradiation with infrared radiation.