Abstract: A frequency switching method is used to make switching among a plurality of frequency signal sources each providing a specific frequency range covering multiple bands. The method includes steps of providing a target frequency data; selecting one of the frequency signal sources to output a first clock signal; generating a first frequency data according to the clock signal of the first frequency to compare with the target frequency data; outputting a second clock signal with the highest band of another one of the frequency signal sources possessing a frequency range higher than that of the selected frequency signal source when the target frequency data is greater than the first frequency data; and outputting the second clock signal with the lowest band of the selected frequency signal source when the target frequency data is smaller than the first frequency data.

Abstract: A frequency switching method is used to make switching among a plurality of frequency signal sources each providing a specific frequency range covering multiple bands. The method includes steps of providing a target frequency data; selecting one of the frequency signal sources to output a first clock signal; generating a first frequency data according to the clock signal of the first frequency to compare with the target frequency data; outputting a second clock signal with the highest band of another one of the frequency signal sources possessing a frequency range higher than that of the selected frequency signal source when the target frequency data is greater than the first frequency data; and outputting the second clock signal with the lowest band of the selected frequency signal source when the target frequency data is smaller than the first frequency data.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for tracking a DC offset in a mixer circuit used in wireless communication systems and for providing local oscillator DC bias level-shifting to reduce even order distortion resulting from the DC offset is described. The apparatus has an input coupled to a mixer circuit output for receiving a DC voltage present on the mixer circuit output. The DC voltage includes an offset component. A level shifting circuit is coupled to the input for level shifting the received DC voltage a predetermined amount. An output of the level shifting circuit is coupled to a local oscillator input for outputting the level shifted DC voltage to the local oscillator input. The shift in the DC bias level at the local oscillator input of the mixer circuit provided by the apparatus and method reduces even order distortion in the mixer circuit, including second order intermodulation (IM2) distortion.

Abstract: Multistage RF transmitter and receiver circuits may use independently variable RF and IF local oscillators, allowing the RF and IF local oscillator frequencies for a given RF channel to be selected to have a large common factor with respect to the reference oscillator used by the local oscillator circuits, thus allowing the use of small divisor numbers in the local oscillator circuits and reducing phase noise. Independent high-side and low-side RF local oscillators may be provided and selectively used depending on the RF channel to be transmitted or received.

Abstract: Multistage RF transmitter and receiver circuits may use independently variable RF and IF local oscillators, allowing the RF and IF local oscillator frequencies for a given RF channel to be selected to have a large common factor with respect to the reference oscillator used by the local oscillator circuits, thus allowing the use of small divisor numbers in the local oscillator circuits and reducing phase noise. Independent high-side and low-side RF local oscillators may be provided and selectively used depending on the RF channel to be transmitted or received.

Abstract: A fixed impedance in parallel with a variable impedance form a high pass filter with a capacitor. An input signal is provided to the capacitor. The value of the variable impedance is controlled in relation to the magnitude of a dynamic DC offset in the input signal to control the corner frequency of the high pass filter, providing a higher corner frequency and more rapid suppression of dynamic DC offset for larger dynamic DC offset magnitudes.

Abstract: Multistage RF transmitter and receiver circuits may use independently variable RF and IF local oscillators, allowing the RF and IF local oscillator frequencies for a given RF channel to be selected to have a large common factor with respect to the reference oscillator used by the local oscillator circuits, thus allowing the use of small divisor numbers in the local oscillator circuits and reducing phase noise. Independent high-side and low-side RF local oscillators may be provided and selectively used depending on the RF channel to be transmitted or received.

Abstract: A fixed impedance in parallel with a variable impedance form a high pass filter with a capacitor. An input signal is provided to the capacitor. The value of the variable impedance is controlled in relation to the magnitude of a dynamic DC offset in the input signal to control the corner frequency of the high pass filter, providing a higher corner frequency and more rapid suppression of dynamic DC offset for larger dynamic DC offset magnitudes.

Abstract: A CMOS implemented passive mixer circuit for improving linearity performance in wireless communication systems is described, including dual pairs of NMOS FETs and dual pairs of PMOS FETs. Each NMOS FET is connected in parallel with a corresponding PMOS FET. A local oscillator signal is provided to the gate of one FET while a 180-degree phase shifted local oscillator signal is provided to the gate of its complementary FET. Because the complementary FETs are driven by local oscillator signals that are 180 degrees out of phase, the NMOS FET is turned on for at least a portion of the positive cycle of the local oscillator signal and the PMOS FET is turned on for at least a portion of the negative cycle of the 180-degree phase shifted local oscillator signal. Distortion in the mixed output signal is thereby reduced.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for tracking a DC offset in a mixer circuit used in wireless communication systems and for providing local oscillator DC bias level-shifting to reduce even order distortion resulting from the DC offset is described. The apparatus has an input coupled to a mixer circuit output for receiving a DC voltage present on the mixer circuit output. The DC voltage includes an offset component. A level shifting circuit is coupled to the input for level shifting the received DC voltage a predetermined amount. An output of the level shifting circuit is coupled to a local oscillator input for outputting the level shifted DC voltage to the local oscillator input. The shift in the DC bias level at the local oscillator input of the mixer circuit provided by the apparatus and method reduces even order distortion in the mixer circuit, including second order intermodulation (IM2) distortion.

Abstract: A CMOS implemented passive mixer circuit for improving linearity performance in wireless communication systems is described, including dual pairs of NMOS FETs and dual pairs of PMOS FETs. Each NMOS FET is connected in parallel with a corresponding PMOS FET. A local oscillator signal is provided to the gate of one FET while a 180-degree phase shifted local oscillator signal is provided to the gate of its complementary FET. Because the complementary FETs are driven by local oscillator signals that are 180 degrees out of phase, the NMOS FET is turned on for at least a portion of the positive cycle of the local oscillator signal and the PMOS FET is turned on for at least a portion of the negative cycle of the 180-degree phase shifted local oscillator signal. Distortion in the mixed output signal is thereby reduced.