Abstract: A controller for an internal combustion engine may comprise a first assignment unit, an observer, a calibration unit, and a second assignment unit. The first assignment unit may determine cylinder-specific measurement signals as a function of the measurement signal from a lambda probe. The observer may include a sensor model of the lambda probe arranged in a feedback branch of the observer. The calibration unit may impress a predefined interference pattern made of cylinder-specific mixture differences and adapt, in reaction to the respectively predefined interference pattern as a function of the observer output variables related to the respective cylinders, an assignment rule between the measurement signal of the lambda probe and a lambda signal. The second assignment unit may carry out, by means of the assignment rule, an assignment between the measurement signal and the lambda signal.

Abstract: A binary lambda sensor has a first electrode arranged on the exhaust gas side, a second electrode arranged contiguous to a reference air volume, and a power source arranged between the first and second electrode. A potential difference between the first and second electrodes forms a measurement signal of the sensor. In a measurement operation of the sensor, the power source is operated in a measurement operating state and provides the measurement signal. To adjust a specified oxygen concentration in the reference air volume, the power source is operated in a regeneration operating state. If a specified condition is fulfilled and the engine is operating in a coasting mode, the power source is operated in the measurement operating state, and a power source adjustment signal is determined for the regeneration operating state based on the measurement signal, for the adjustment of the specified oxygen concentration in the reference air volume.

Abstract: A signal from a linear lambda probe, which signal is meant to represent an air/fuel ratio for the gas flowing in the exhaust section, specifically prior to combustion of said gas, is determined based on a pump current. A difference signal is formed based on a difference between a pump voltage signal and a Nernst voltage signal. An offset error in the measured signal is determined based on the difference signal for an approximately stoichiometrically prescribed raw setpoint value for the air/fuel ratio, with a setpoint value for the air/fuel ratio being determined based on the raw setpoint value and a forced excitation signal.

Abstract: A controller for an internal combustion engine may comprise a first assignment unit, an observer, a calibration unit, and a second assignment unit. The first assignment unit may determine cylinder-specific measurement signals as a function of the measurement signal from a lambda probe. The observer may include a sensor model of the lambda probe arranged in a feedback branch of the observer. The calibration unit may impress a predefined interference pattern made of cylinder-specific mixture differences and adapt, in reaction to the respectively predefined interference pattern as a function of the observer output variables related to the respective cylinders, an assignment rule between the measurement signal of the lambda probe and a lambda signal. The second assignment unit may carry out, by means of the assignment rule, an assignment between the measurement signal and the lambda signal.

Abstract: A binary lambda sensor has a first electrode arranged on the exhaust gas side, a second electrode arranged contiguous to a reference air volume, and a power source arranged between the first and second electrode. A potential difference between the first and second electrodes forms a measurement signal of the sensor. In a measurement operation of the sensor, the power source is operated in a measurement operating state and provides the measurement signal. To adjust a specified oxygen concentration in the reference air volume, the power source is operated in a regeneration operating state. If a specified condition is fulfilled and the engine is operating in a coasting mode, the power source is operated in the measurement operating state, and a power source adjustment signal is determined for the regeneration operating state based on the measurement signal, for the adjustment of the specified oxygen concentration in the reference air volume.

Abstract: A method diagnoses an electrical contact connection of an exhaust gas sensor, in which two current sources are used to impress currents into a pump cell and a reference cell of the exhaust gas sensor. If a line is faulty, the relevant current cannot flow and a voltage on the relevant current source assumes a high value. If a second line is faulty, measurement of the voltage on the second connection, which is connected to the connecting point between the two cells, provides a low value when the relevant second connection is isolated from the reference-ground potential by a second switch, since the cell capacitances have not been able to charge to the reference-ground potential.

Abstract: A signal from a linear lambda probe, which signal is meant to represent an air/fuel ratio for the gas flowing in the exhaust section, specifically prior to combustion of said gas, is determined based on a pump current. A difference signal is formed based on a difference between a pump voltage signal and a Nernst voltage signal. An offset error in the measured signal is determined based on the difference signal for an approximately stoichiometrically prescribed raw setpoint value for the air/fuel ratio, with a setpoint value for the air/fuel ratio being determined based on the raw setpoint value and a forced excitation signal.