Abstract: An apparatus for recording radiation image data of an object comprises a radiation source arrangement (3)provided for emitting radiation; an object holder (5) arranged in the radiation path of the emitted radiation and provided for housing the object during the recordation of the radiation image data; a detector arrangement (6) for detecting radiation which has interacted with the object; a support structure (2), to which the radiation source and detector arrangements are secured; and a scanning device (1) provided for moving either one of the support structure or the object holder with respect to the other one of the support structure or the object holder in a conical pendulum movement while the detector arrangement is provided for detecting radiation which has interacted with the object.

Abstract: An apparatus for recording radiation image data of an object comprises a radiation source arrangement (3) provided for emitting radiation; an object holder (5) arranged in the radiation path of the emitted radiation and provided for housing the object during the recordation of the radiation image data; a detector arrangement (6) for detecting radiation which has interacted with the object; a support structure (2), to which the radiation source and detector arrangements are secured; and a scanning device (1) provided for moving either one of the support structure or the object holder with respect to the other one of the support structure or the object holder in a conical pendulum movement while the detector arrangement is provided for detecting radiation which has interacted with the object.

Abstract: An apparatus for recording radiation image data of an object comprises a radiation source arrangement provided for emitting radiation; an object holder arranged in the radiation path of the emitted radiation and provided for housing the object during the recordation of the radiation image data; a detector arrangement for detecting radiation which has interacted with the object; a support structure, to which the radiation source and detector arrangements are secured; and a scanning device provided for moving either one of the support structure or the object holder with respect to the other one of the support structure or the object holder in a conical pendulum movement while the detector arrangement is provided for detecting radiation which has interacted with the object.

Abstract: A method for examining an object includes the steps of: producing ionizing radiation photons; providing other particles or photons, each of which carrying information regarding position, time, movement direction, and/or energy of a respective one of said ionizing radiation photons before having interacted with said object to be examined; detecting each of said other particles or photons to retrieve said information; having said ionizing radiation photons to interact with said object to be examined; detecting at least some of said ionizing radiation photons after having interacted with said object to retrieve information regarding position, time, movement direction, and/or energy of each of said detected ionizing radiation photons; correlating each of said detected ionizing radiation photons with a respective one of said other particles or photons; and deducing information of said examined object by means of said information as retrieved in the steps of detection.

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining tomosynthesis data of an object comprises a source emitting radiation centered around an axis of symmetry; a radiation detector comprising a stack of line detectors, each being directed towards the source at a respective angle; and a device for moving the source and the radiation detector relative the object linearly in a direction orthogonal to the symmetry axis, while each of the line detectors is adapted to record line images of radiation as transmitted through the object in the respective angle. A device is provided for rotating the radiation detector around a rotation axis orthogonal to the symmetry axis, and the device for moving is further arranged to repeat the essential linear movement of the source and the radiation detector relative the object, while each of the line detectors is adapted to record a further plurality of line images of radiation as transmitted through the object.

Abstract: A method for reconstruction of object attenuation density (S(x,y,z)) from X-ray projection image data values (V(pq)) comprises the steps of: representing (11) the object attenuation density by a sum of predetermined continuous harmonics (Hijk(x,y,z)) with unknown coefficients (aijk); relating (12) each of the projection image data values to an integral (S(pq)) of the object attenuation density, and thus to a corresponding sum of sums (aijk*Hijk(pq)) of the predetermined continuous harmonics with unknown coefficients; determining (13) the unknown coefficients (aijk) from the above relation; and reconstructing (14) the object attenuation density by said sum of predetermined continuous harmonics with said determined coefficients. The spatial three-dimensional object attenuation density is found as a continuous function with uniform resolution over all its volume and is shown as a solid three-dimensional body, which can be cut in arbitrary way and shown in continuous motion.

Abstract: An imaging system is disclosed for use in low-light environments or environments where low-levels of such radiation is desirable. Examples of such environments are night photography, laparoscopy, and mammography. In the case of radiation that is other than visible light, a radiation converter and method for fabricating same is disclosed. The radiation converter comprises a film of heavy scintillator (e.g. CdWO4) coated on a fiber optical window to efficiently convert the radiation into visible light. The visible light is passed into a signal amplifier employing an electron-bombarded charge-couple device (EBCCD) to amplify the signal. Novel methods of performing three-dimension imaging using this system as well as removing the effects of high speed movement are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for reconstruction of object attenuation density (S(x,y,z)) from X-ray projection image data values (V(pq)) comprises the steps of: representing (11) the object attenuation density by a sum of predetermined continuous harmonics (Hijk(x,y,z)) with unknown coefficients (aijk); relating (12) each of the projection image data values to an integral (S(pq)) of the object attenuation density, and thus to a corresponding sum of sums (aijk*Hijk(pq)) of the predetermined continuous harmonics with unknown coefficients; determining (13) the unknown coefficients (aijk) from the above relation; and reconstructing (14) the object attenuation density by said sum of predetermined continuous harmonics with said determined coefficients. The spatial three-dimensional object attenuation density is found as a continuous function with uniform resolution over all its volume and is shown as a solid three-dimensional body, which can be cut in arbitrary way and shown in continuous motion.

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining tomosynthesis data of an object comprises a source emitting radiation centered around an axis of symmetry; a radiation detector comprising a stack of line detectors, each being directed towards the source at a respective angle; and a device for moving the source and the radiation detector relative the object linearly in a direction orthogonal to the symmetry axis, while each of the line detectors is adapted to record line images of radiation as transmitted through the object in the respective angle. A device is provided for rotating the radiation detector around a rotation axis orthogonal to the symmetry axis, and the device for moving is further arranged to repeat the essential linear movement of the source and the radiation detector relative the object, while each of the line detectors is adapted to record a further plurality of line images of radiation as transmitted through the object.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reduction of noise in an image including a plurality of pixels, comprising averaging pixel values over a region (R), comprising the steps of: adding a selected pixel to the region (R); grouping pixels adjacent the region (R) in pairs, wherein the pixels of each pair being oppositely located with respect to said selected pixel; adding said pairs, pair by pair, to the region (R) in dependence on the squared difference of the selected pixel value from the pairs half sums does not exceed the dispersion (D) of the noise of said difference multiplied by a tolerance level (L); repeating said step of grouping and said step of adding said pairs until that, in said step of adding said pairs, the condition for adding said pairs is not fulfilled for any pair; averaging the pixel values of said region (R); and using the thus averaged pixel value for the selected pixel of said region (R) in reconstruction of said image.

Abstract: A method for detection of ionizing radiation comprises the steps of (i) directing ionizing radiation towards an object to be examined; (ii) preventing Compton scattered radiation, preferably at least 99% of the radiation Compton scattered in said object, from being detected; and (iii) detecting ionizing radiation spatially resolved as transmitted through said object to reveal a spatially resolved density of said object, wherein said ionizing radiation is provided within a spectral range such that more, preferably much more, photons of said ionizing radiation are Compton scattered than absorbed through the photoelectric effect in said object to thereby reduce the radiation dose to said object.

Abstract: A method for examining an object includes the steps of: producing ionizing radiation photons; providing other particles or photons, each of which carrying information regarding position, time, movement direction, and/or energy of a respective one of said ionizing radiation photons before having interacted with said object to be examined; detecting each of said other particles or photons to retrieve said information; having said ionizing radiation photons to interact with said object to be examined; detecting at least some of said ionizing radiation photons after having interacted with said object to retrieve information regarding position, time, movement direction, and/or energy of each of said detected ionizing radiation photons; correlating each of said detected ionizing radiation photons with a respective one of said other particles or photons; and deducing information of said examined object by means of said information as retrieved in the steps of detection.

Abstract: A method for detection of ionizing radiation comprises the steps of (i) directing ionizing radiation towards an object to be examined; (ii) preventing Compton scattered radiation, preferably at least 99% of the radiation Compton scattered in said object, from being detected; and (iii) detecting ionizing radiation spatially resolved as transmitted through said object to reveal a spatially resolved density of said object, wherein said ionizing radiation is provided within a spectral range such that more, preferably much more, photons of said ionizing radiation are Compton scattered than absorbed through the photoelectric effect in said object to thereby reduce the radiation dose to said object.