Abstract: A radio communication scheme applicable to UMTS providing packet data services, such as multimedia broadcast and multicast services (MBMS), to one or more users by modifying (augmenting) certain existing radio communication protocols while employing a new transport channel (a point-to-multipoint DSCH), and/or by establishing new physical downlink shared channels (C-PDSCH and D-PDSCH). An RLC layer is provided in a single CRNC so that the same MBMS can be transmitted to a plurality of terminals via a point-to-multipoint DSCH, without having to repetitively provide many RLC layers in many SRNCs. Alternatively, a C-PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel for control) and a D-PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel for data) are established to allow periodic transmission of MBMS, permitting users to simultaneously access one or more MBMS.

Abstract: A method of moving a receiving window in a wireless mobile communication system, wherein the AM RLC of the transmitting side sends information of the last discarded SDU regardless of continuity of the discarded SDUs. The AM RLC of the receiving side checks whether all SDUs from the start point of the receiving window up to the last discarded SDU are successfully received, delivers the SDUs that are successfully received to an upper layer, and discard only those SDUs that are not successfully received.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling cooling time of a microwave oven that is capable of controlling an initial cooling time, which is given to secure stable operational characteristics of a sensor, when sensor-based automatic cooking is performed, thereby reducing total cooking time. The cooling time control method includes determining whether sensor-based automatic cooking is performed, when the sensor-based automatic cooking is performed, operating a cooling fan to perform cooling operation such that a sensor is cooled, sensing an output value of the sensor, when the cooling operation is performed, to calculate a change of the sensor output value, and comparing the calculated change of the sensor output value with a predetermined reference value, and, when the change of the sensor output value exceeds the predetermined reference value, controlling cooling time based on the change of the sensor output value.

Abstract: A method for controlling the transmission of signals in a communications system uses a polling trigger which prevents a deadlock condition from occurring between a transmitter and receiver. The method includes selecting a protocol data unit from a buffer, determining whether the data unit is located at a predetermined position within a transmission window, and then transmitting polling information with the data unit if the data unit is determined to be at the predetermined position of the transmission window. The predetermined position is preferably a last position of the window. If the data unit is not in a last position of the transmission window, additional steps of the method include determining whether the data unit is a last-stored data unit in a transmission buffer. If so, polling information is transmitted with the data unit. If neither polling trigger is satisfied, the data unit is transmitted without polling information.

Abstract: Data for a multicast service is provided by a radio communication system by performing header compression and employing a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) entity that exists for every specific MBMS service to be provided for a cell with users therein. The particular network component (e.g., in a SRNC or a CRNC) that includes one PDCP layer for each specific MBMS service depends upon certain characteristics of the terminals (UE) located within a cell that wish to receive the specific MBMS service. The terminal receives via a common transport channel and restores (i.e., decompresses) the header-compressed data of the MBMS service that was transmitted after header compression at the CRNC, while the terminal receives via a dedicated transport channel and restores (i.e., decompresses) the header-compressed data of the MBMS service that was transmitted after header compression at the SRNC.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cloned pig expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) and a cloned pig having a 1,3-galactosyltransferase (GT) gene knocked out. Also, the present invention discloses methods of producing such cloned pigs, comprising the steps of establishing a somatic cell line; preparing a GFP-transfected or GT gene knock-out nuclear donor cell; producing a transgenic nuclear transfer embryo using the nuclear donor cell and a recipient oocyte; and transplanting the transgenic nuclear transfer embryo into a surrogate mother pig. The cloned pig expressing GFP of the present invention is useful for large-scale production of an animal disease model, and the GT gene knock-out cloned pig can be used as a organ donor allowing xenotransplantation in humans without hyperacute immune rejection.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a point-to-multipoint service to a mobile terminal that moves from an area controlled by a first radio network controller (RNC) to an area controlled by a second radio network controller is provided. Information regarding a transmission mode status of the second RNC is utilized by the first RNC to determine if it is necessary to transmit MBMS data to the second RNC. MBMS data is transmitted from the first RNC to the second RNC only if the transmission status of the second RNC is point-to-point, thereby preventing unnecessary data transmission between the first RNC and second RNC and the enhancing the efficiency of the radio resources between the second RNC and the mobile terminal.