Abstract: Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to Timing Advance validation for Small Data Transmissions. A first device includes at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program codes; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program codes are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the first device to: receive TA validation configuration information associated with one or more downlink reference beams for an inactive state of the first device from a second device, select a CG resource to transmit a data packet to the second device based on a CG resource configuration for small data transmissions of the first device, and verify, based at least on the TA validation configuration information and the selected CG resource, TA validity of the first device.

Abstract: An apparatus for use by a communication element or function configured to act as a communication element or function in a communication network, the apparatus comprising at least one processing circuitry, and at least one memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processing circuitry, wherein the at least one memory and the instructions are configured to, with the at least one processing circuitry, cause the apparatus at least: to obtain (S240) a first set of metrics indicating at least one of a signal level and a signal quality of at least one beam associated with the communication network, to obtain (S440), before a small data transmission is conducted, a second set of metrics indicating at least one of a signal level and signal quality of at least one beam associated with the communication network, to conduct (S450) a validation processing for determining whether a timing advance setting is valid, wherein the determination is based on the obtained first set of metrics and the obtained second se

Abstract: Various techniques are provided for receiving, by a base station (BS) from a user equipment (UE), a communication including a feature vector, storing, by the BS, a dataset including one or more feature vectors associated with the UE, communicating, by the BS to a network device, the dataset associated with the UE, receiving, by the BS from the network device, a machine learning (ML) model, the ML model being trained, using the dataset, to detect UE orientation, and communicating, by the BS to the UE, the trained ML model.

Abstract: A method includes determining, by a source base station, based on at least one of a measurement report received from a terminal device and a mobility trajectory of the terminal device, a prepared cell list that includes a set of cells where the terminal device is capable of handover. The method includes sending at least one required context for the handover to the set of cells in the prepared cell list. The method also includes receiving acknowledgement from the set of cells. The method further includes sending a handover complete message, which contains the prepared cell list, to the terminal device. The prepared cell list provides a capability for the terminal device to make a number of handovers when the terminal device is within a coverage area of the set of cells.

Abstract: An embodiment may comprise: transmitting, by a user device in a low activity state a type of the low activity state being according to an anchor access node, a random access message to a network node providing a target cell of a cell reselection. The method may also comprise, in response to receiving a random access response for the random access message from the network node providing the target cell, transmitting, to the network node providing the target cell, a radio connection reactivation request, the reactivation request comprising an indication of an anchor access node of the user device. The method may also comprise, in response to the radio connection reactivation request, receiving a radio connection reactivation message indicating a radio connection reactivation to the anchor access node as a logical link associated with a radio link provided by the target cell of the cell reselection or receiving an inactivation message.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for performing: receiving, while connected to a first cell, preparation information for preparing the apparatus for a conditional handover of the apparatus to at least one other cell; receiving, from the first cell, a message, wherein the message causes the apparatus to transition from a connected state to an inactive state; receiving, from the first cell, information of a release condition; when it is determined that the release condition is met, sending a release indication and releasing the preparation information from the apparatus.

Abstract: There is provided a solution for proactively transferring downlink data addressed to a terminal device from a data routing network element of a cellular communication system. According to an embodiment, a location of the terminal device is determined and an identifier associated with the determined location is delivered to the data routing network element. Then, the data routing network element may forward the downlink data towards the terminal device even before one or more services for the delivery of the downlink data to the terminal device have been completed.

Abstract: A method includes determining, by a source base station, based on at least one of a measurement report received from a terminal device and a mobility trajectory of the terminal device, a prepared cell list that includes a set of cells where the terminal device is capable of handover. The method includes sending at least one required context for the handover to the set of cells in the prepared cell list. The method also includes receiving acknowledgement from the set of cells. The method further includes sending a handover complete message, which contains the prepared cell list, to the terminal device, wherein the prepared cell list provides a capability for the terminal device to make a number of handovers when the terminal device is within a coverage area of the set of cells.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method, comprising: storing a security context comprising a first key for wireless data transmission, and applying a timer for defining validity of the security context for the data transmission during an inactive state.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for performing: receiving, while connected to a first cell, preparation information for preparing the apparatus for a conditional handover of the apparatus to at least one other cell; receiving, from the first cell, a message, wherein the message causes the apparatus to transition from a connected state to an inactive state; receiving, from the first cell, information of a release condition; when it is determined that the release condition is met, sending a release indication and releasing the preparation information from the apparatus.

Abstract: There is provided a method comprising: acquiring, by a first network element of a cellular communication system providing a first cell, a location update request from a terminal device within the first cell, wherein the location update request is related to a cell level location of the terminal device, and wherein the location update request comprises a terminal device identifier; and examining that the terminal device has selected the first cell, and forwarding the location update request to a second network element of the cellular communication system.

Abstract: An embodiment may comprise: transmitting, by a user device in a low activity state a type of the low activity state being according to an anchor access node, a random access message to a network node providing a target cell of a cell reselection. The method may also comprise, in response to receiving a random access response for the random access message from the network node providing the target cell, transmitting, to the network node providing the target cell, a radio connection reactivation request, the reactivation request comprising an indication of an anchor access node of the user device. The method may also comprise, in response to the radio connection reactivation request, receiving a radio connection reactivation message indicating a radio connection reactivation to the anchor access node as a logical link associated with a radio link provided by the target cell of the cell reselection or receiving an inactivation message.

Abstract: An apparatus suitable for at least to: select a cell in a low activity state, and; in the case the selected cell is the same as a serving cell while carrying out a state change to the low activity state, transmit a radio connection resume request to the selected cell; or in the case the selected cell is another cell than the serving cell while carrying out a state change to the low activity state, transmit a radio resume request to the selected cell with information on the location of the user device provided the information on the location has not been transmitted in relation to a cell change carried out in the low activity state; receive, as a response to the radio connection resume request, a radio connection resume request response, and carry out a radio connection resume for the data transmission.

Abstract: There is provided a solution for proactively transferring downlink data addressed to a terminal device from a data routing network element of a cellular communication system. According to an embodiment, a location of the terminal device is determined and an identifier associated with the determined location is delivered to the data routing network element. Then, the data routing network element may forward the downlink data towards the terminal device even before one or more services for the delivery of the downlink data to the terminal device have been completed.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method, comprising: storing a security context comprising a first key for wireless data transmission, and applying a timer for defining validity of the security context for the data transmission during an inactive state.

Abstract: An apparatus suitable for at least to: select a cell in a low activity state, and; in the case the selected cell is the same as a serving cell while carrying out a state change to the low activity state, transmit a radio connection resume request to the selected cell; or in the case the selected cell is another cell than the serving cell while carrying out a state change to the low activity state, transmit a radio resume request to the selected cell with information on the location of the user device provided the information on the location has not been transmitted in relation to a cell change carried out in the low activity state; receive, as a response to the radio connection resume request, a radio connection resume request response, and carry out a radio connection resume for the data transmission.

Abstract: There is provided a method comprising: acquiring, by a first network element of a cellular communication system providing a first cell, a location update request from a terminal device within the first cell, wherein the location update request is related to a cell level location of the terminal device, and wherein the location update request comprises a terminal device identifier; and examining that the terminal device has selected the first cell, and forwarding the location update request to a second network element of the cellular communication system.

Abstract: There is provided a solution for proactively transferring (206) downlink data addressed to a terminal device (120) from a data routing network element (e.g. S-GW) of a cellular communication system. According to an embodiment, a location of the terminal device is determined and an identifier associated with the determined location is delivered to the data routing network element. Then, the data routing network element may forward data to the eNB even before one or more services for the delivery of the downlink data to the terminal device have been completed.