Abstract: A dielectric duplexer includes a substantially-rectangular-parallelepiped-shaped dielectric block. The interior of the dielectric block includes inner-conductor-formed holes containing inner conductors. An outer conductor is formed on the substantial entirety of an exterior surface of the dielectric block. Input/output electrodes and antenna input/output electrodes are formed at predetermined positions. Thus, the dielectric block is provided with a band eliminate filter and a band pass filter. A C-L-C &pgr;/2 phase circuit in which C, L, and C are arranged in the shape of the letter &pgr; is provided between an antenna and the antenna input/output electrode of the band eliminate filter, and the antenna is connected to the antenna input/output electrode of the band pass filter.

Abstract: An optically active tropinonemonocarboxylic acid ester derivative useful as an intermediate for synthesis of optically active tropane derivatives was obtained by reacting succindialdehyde with an organic amine and acetonedicarboxylic acid ester to obtain a tropinonedicarboxylic acid ester derivative, and then subjecting this derivative to enzyme-catalyzed asymmetric dealkoxy-carbonylation. Since anhydroecgonine methyl ester derived from the optically active tropinone-monocarboxylic acid ester derivative by reduction and dehydration had the same direction of optical rotation as in the case of anhydroecgonine methyl ester obtained from natural cocaine, it was proved that the obtained optically active tropinonemonocarboxylic acid ester derivative had the same absolute configuration as that of natural cocaine. The yield of the optically active tropinonemonocarboxylic acid ester derivative from the asymmetric dealkoxycarbonylation was 30 to 50 mol %, and its optical purity was 70 to 97% ee.

Abstract: An optically active tropinonemonocarboxylic acid ester derivative useful as an intermediate for synthesis of optically active tropane derivatives was obtained by reacting succindialdehyde with an organic amine and acetonedicarboxylic acid ester to obtain a tropinonedicarboxylic acid ester derivative, and then subjecting this derivative to enzyme-catalyzed asymmetric dealkoxy-carbonylation. Since anhydroecgonine methyl ester derived from the optically active tropinone-monocarboxylic acid ester derivative by reduction and dehydration had the same direction of optical rotation as in the case of anhydroecgonine methyl ester obtained from natural cocaine, it was proved that the obtained optically active tropinonemonocarboxylic acid ester derivative had the same absolute configuration as that of natural cocaine. The yield of the optically active tropinonemonocarboxylic acid ester derivative from the asymmetric dealkoxycarbonylation was 30 to 50 mol %, and its optical purity was 70 to 97% ee.

Abstract: The invention provides a composite filter comprising: a single unitary dielectric block having an outer conductor on the external surfaces thereof; a plurality of inner conductors disposed in the dielectric block; a plurality of filters with different frequencies respectively comprising resonators made of at least one of said inner conductor; a first portion of said dielectric block constituting at least one of said filter comprising a first dielectric material; a second portion of said dielectric block constituting the other one of said filter comprising a second dielectric material; and the dielectric constant of said first dielectric material and said second dielectric material being different from each other.

Abstract: A dielectric filter includes a dielectric block having a plurality of outer surfaces including opposed top and bottom surfaces, opposed side surfaces and a mounting surface. A plurality of through holes extend between the opposed top and bottom surfaces. Respective internal electrodes are located on internal surfaces of the through holes and an outer conductor is formed on at least some of the outer surfaces. First input output electrode extends from the mounting surface to one of the side surfaces. A second input output electrode extends from the mounting surface to the other of the side surfaces. Each of the first and second input output electrodes are separated from the outer conductor by a respective conductor-free portion wherein at least one corner of an outer shape of each of the conductor-free portions is formed as a continuous line having no right angles.

Abstract: This invention relates to the controlling of the travel of a crawler vehicle and aims at resolving the issue of making a crawler vehicle travel on an ungraded land with the crawlers effectively gripping the road surface. According to the present invention, the loads imparted to crawlers (12FL, 12FR, 12RL, 12RR) are detected, and, on the basis of the results of this detection, the sum of the loads on a pair of crawlers (12FL, 12RR) at the front left and rear right sides of the vehicle and the sum of the loads on another pair of crawlers (12FR, 12RL) at the front right and rear left sides thereof are computed. When a difference between the sums thus computed has become higher than a predetermined level, it means that a diagonal stuck has occurred.

Abstract: A beam splitter extracts a light beam from light passing through a picture-taking lens system, and a viewfinder optical system directs the light beam to a viewfinder eyepiece. The optical system includes a focus screen, a master lens for imaging the light beam on the focus screen, a pentaroof prism disposed between the master lens and the focus screen, and an eyepiece for observing therethrough the image on the focus screen.

Abstract: There is described an optical finder system for use with video cameras of the type having a tri-color separation color filter. Positioned in the finder optical path is an optical member onto which the image of an object to be picked up is projected and the optical member has an irregular pattern which is the same or similar to that of the color filter, whereby Moire fringes similar to those produced by the object image in cooperation with the color filter are produced on the finder focussing or imaging surface.

Abstract: A short distance zoom lens system for forming an image of an object lying at any short distance at a predetermined short distance comprises, in order from the object side, a first group which is a divergent lens group, a second group which is a convergent lens group, and a third group which is a divergent lens group. The second and the third group are movable relative to each other in the direction of the optic axis to effect a magnification change. The first group is stationary during the magnification change and is movable in the direction of the optic axis independently of the second and third groups in accordance with the distance to the object.

Abstract: A Gauss type photographic lens comprises a first convergent lens group G1 and a second convergent lens group G2. The first convergent lens group G1 comprises, in the order from the object side, a positive lens component L1, a positive meniscus lens component L2 having its convex surface facing the object side, and a negative meniscus lens component L3 having its convex surface facing the object side, and the second convergent lens group G2 comprises, in the order from the object side, a meniscus lens component L4 consisting of a negative lens and a positive lens cemented together and having its concave surface facing the object side, and a positive lens component L5.Such a lens arrangement is well-known and to maintain the lens construction more compact and better correct the various aberrations, it is necessary that conditions be satisfied.

Abstract: A rear conversion lens comprises a divergent forward lens group comprising three components and a divergent rearward lens group comprising two components. The three components forming the forward lens group are, in order from the object side, a biconvex positive lens, a biconcave negative lens with its more curved surface facing the image side, and a positive lens with its more curved surface facing the object side. The two components forming the rearward lens group are, in order from the object side, a biconcave negative lens with its more curved surface facing the image side and a biconvex positive lens with its more curved surface facing the object side.

Abstract: In a wide angle zoom lens system comprising a diverging lens group and a converging lens group which are both movable on the optical axis of the lens system to vary the air space between the two groups so that the magnification of the image is variable while the image plane is being maintained at a fixed position, the diverging lens group comprises, in order from the object side, a negative meniscus lens component convex to the object side, a positive lens component, a negative lens component, a positive meniscus lens component convex to the object side, the four lens components being separate from one another, and an air chamber having a converging effect being formed between the second and the third lens component, the third and the fourth lens component being so disposed that the air space therebetween is greater than the center thickness of the third member, and the converging lens group comprises at least four positive lens components a positive lens component out of which is closest to the object side a

Abstract: A telephoto lens with large relative aperture comprises a first converging lens group, a diverging lens group and a second converging lens group arranged in this order as viewed from the object side. The first converging lens group has two positive lens components and a negative lens component spaced from each other by an air space, the group remaining fixed when focusing. The diverging lens group has a cemented negative lens component and a negative lens component with an air space therebetween which is larger than the sum of the center thickness of the former component and the center thickness of the latter component. The second converging lens group comprises a cemented lens component and remains fixed when focusing. The first converging lens group and the diverging lens group virtually form an afocal system for an object at infinity.

Abstract: The wide-angle zoom lens system comprises a divergent lens group and a convergent lens group in the order from the object side, both of the lens groups being movable on the optical axis of the lens system to vary the air space between the two groups so that the magnification of the image is variable while the image plane is being maintained at a fixed position. The divergent lens group includes four air-spaced components which are, in the order from the object side, a first positive component with the more curved surface facing the object side, a first negative component with the more curved surface facing the image side, a second negative component with the more curved surface facing the image side and a first positive meniscus component convex to the object side. The first positive component and the first negative component define therebetween an air chamber having convergent power.

Abstract: In a wide angle zoom lens system which comprises a diverging lens group and a converging lens group in order from the object side and in which both of the groups are movable on the optical axis of the lens system to vary the air space between the two groups so that the magnification of the image is variable while the image plane is being maintained at a fixed position, the diverging lens group comprises, in order from the object side, a negative meniscus lens component convex to the object side, a negative meniscus lens component convex to the object side, and a positive meniscus lens component convex to the object side, and the converging lens group comprises at least four positive lens components which are separate from one another, a positive lens component being closest to the object side, a positive lens compartment being closest to the image and a negative lens component disposed among the at least four positive lens components.

Abstract: A rear conversion lens system to be mounted on the image side of a photographic lens to enlarge the total focal length of the entire lens system including the photographic lens comprises a diverging group and a converging group disposed on the image side of the diverging group. The diverging group includes, as viewed in order from the object side, a first positive lens component, a negative lens component and a second positive lens component. The converging group includes, as viewed in order from the object side, a positive lens component and a negative lens component.

Abstract: A telephoto lens system consists of a first convergent group and a divergent group disposed rearwardly of the first group for forming a substantially afocal converter, and a second convergent group disposed rearwardly of said divergent group. The first convergent lens group and the divergent lens group are movable relative to each other along the optical axis of the lens system for effecting focusing.

Abstract: A zoom lens system for a projector has three groups of lenses. The first lens group closest to the object has a composite converging function achieved by a doublet consisting of a first positive lens and a first negative lens. The second lens group is located between the other groups and is movable along the optical axis of the lens system relative to the other groups for varying magnification. It has a composite diverging function achieved by a doublet consisting of a second negative lens and a second positive meniscus lens.

Abstract: A zoom lens system which is also capable of ultra-closeup photography comprises in succession, as viewed from the object side of the lens system, a focusing lens group of positive power, a variator lens group of negative power, a compensator lens group of positive power and a master lens group of positive power, the variator and compensator lens groups being movable to provide the zooming action. When the lens groups are positioned to provide the minimum zooming focal length configuration of the lens system, the compensator lens groups may be moved toward the master lens group through a distance equal to the maximum amount of its movement during the zooming operation to form a lens system for use in ultra-closeup photography, wherein the focusing, variator and compensator lens groups together form a composite lens group having a focal length equal to or less than the focal length of the master lens group.