Abstract: A magnetic nanoparticle imaging system has driving coils driven at multiple frequencies, the driving coils positioned to provide magnetic fields and field gradients to an imaging zone, and a static bias field magnet positioned to provide a static magnetic field and/or field gradient to the imaging zone. Magnetic sensors are positioned to sense magnetic fields from the imaging zone, and a signal processor processes signals from the sensors to find at least signal magnitude and phase at harmonics and/or intermodulation products of the multiple frequencies. In embodiments, the signal processing apparatus also determines signal magnitudes and phase of at least second and third harmonics of the first frequency, and maps location of nanoparticles in the imaging zone based upon the magnitudes of harmonics and magnitudes of the intermodulation products.

Abstract: A magnetic nanoparticle imaging system has driving coils driven at multiple frequencies, the driving coils positioned to provide magnetic fields and field gradients to an imaging zone, and a static bias field magnet positioned to provide a static magnetic field and/or field gradient to the imaging zone. Magnetic sensors are positioned to sense magnetic fields from the imaging zone, and a signal processor processes signals from the sensors to find at least signal magnitude and phase at harmonics and/or intermodulation products of the multiple frequencies. In embodiments, the signal processing apparatus also determines signal magnitudes and phase of at least second and third harmonics of the first frequency, and maps location of nanoparticles in the imaging zone based upon the magnitudes of harmonics and magnitudes of the intermodulation products.

Abstract: A system for magnetic assessment of body iron stores includes excitation coils adapted to generate multiple-frequency alternating current (AC) magnetic fields and to partially magnetically saturate iron. The system further includes one or more detection coils adapted to detect the AC magnetic fields. A signal processor uses lock-in amplifiers and linear regression to measures changes to the multiple-frequency AC magnetic fields caused by proximity to iron. A method for magnetic assessment of body iron stores includes generating multiple-frequency AC magnetic fields and detecting changes to the AC magnetic fields caused by proximity to iron. The method further includes partially magnetically saturating iron, thereby generating non-linear responses, harmonic frequencies, and intermodulation frequencies.

Abstract: A magnetic susceptibility tomographic device has sensitive magnetic sensors about a measurement volume and AC bias coils for providing magnetic fields within the volume. Sensing circuitry reads the sensors, and a processor executes magnetic susceptibility tomography (MST) routines from memory to divide the measurement volume into voxels, to determine differences between applied and measured field strengths of magnetic fields at each voxel and thereby determines magnetic susceptibility of each voxel, and to construct tomographic images representative of magnetic susceptibility as MST images. Embodiments with SQUID and fluxgate sensors are described. Applications to direct measurement of tissue magnetic susceptibility, and to locating and quantifying tagged magnetic nanoparticles are disclosed, including antibody-tagged nanoparticles for use in cancer diagnosis and treatments, and the retrieval of taggant identification codes from an object.

Abstract: A magnetic susceptibility tomographic device has sensitive magnetic sensors about a measurement volume and AC bias coils for providing magnetic fields within the volume. Sensing circuitry reads the sensors, and a processor executes magnetic susceptibility tomography (MST) routines from memory to divide the measurement volume into voxels, to determine differences between applied and measured field strengths of magnetic fields at each voxel and thereby determines magnetic susceptibility of each voxel, and to construct tomographic images representative of magnetic susceptibility as MST images. Embodiments with SQUID and fluxgate sensors are described. Applications to direct measurement of tissue magnetic susceptibility, and to locating and quantifying tagged magnetic nanoparticles are disclosed, including antibody-tagged nanoparticles for use in cancer diagnosis and treatments, and the retrieval of taggant identification codes from an object.

Abstract: An electroencephalographic electrode and optode positioning device has the form of a cap suitable for placement on a subject's head. The cap has semirigid telescopic structures that stiffen it to provide accurate electrode and optode spacing, and stability during subject activity. The cap is intended for use in functional neuroimaging and, although its materials are compatible with fMRI, is usable without fMRI to permit study of physically as well as mentally active subjects.

Abstract: A system and method for inverting a cubical device 100 that inverts one or more faces of the cubical device 100 in a single fluid motion. In an embodiment, the cube faces are split in two face piece assemblies 210, in an alternative embodiment faces have only one invertible section 802, 702. The face piece assemblies 210 are initially held by cubical device 100 with a particular side facing inward. Operating the cubical device 100 causes one or more face piece assemblies 210, 803 to expand out from the center point of the cubical device 100, to rotate, and then collapse inward until cubical device 100 is reformed with the particular side of the faces in an outward-facing orientation. The joints, links and gears in the mechanism restrict the degrees of freedom to one such that the entire inversion movement is coupled. Multiple applications are proposed for the device, and embodiments having actuators for driving the inversion are disclosed.

Abstract: An electroencephalographic electrode and optode positioning device has the form of a cap suitable for placement on a subject's head. The cap has semirigid telescopic structures that stiffen it to provide accurate electrode and optode spacing, and stability during subject activity. The cap is intended for use in functional neuroimaging and, although its materials are compatible with fMRI, is usable without fMRI to permit study of physically as well as mentally active subjects.

Abstract: An optode for a functional infrared diffuse optical neuroimaging system uses a GRIN lens and prism for coupling to an optical fiber at a right-angle to the lens. The lens is inserted into a grommet for attachment to an elastomeric cap worn by a subject. In an embodiment, the cap also has an array of electroencephalographic electrodes, with optodes arranged such that an optical path exists between a transmitter and a receiver optode beneath each electroencephalographic electrode. In an embodiment, quadfurcated optical cabling is used to permit illumination of each of multiple optodes with wavelengths provided from each of multiple lasers, and permitting each laser to illuminated multiple optodes.

Abstract: A system and method for inverting a cubical device 100 that inverts one or more faces of the cubical device 100 in a single fluid motion. In an embodiment, the cube faces are split in two face piece assemblies 210, in an alternative embodiment faces have only one invertible section 802, 702. The face piece assemblies 210 are initially held by cubical device 100 with a particular side facing inward. Operating the cubical device 100 causes one or more face piece assemblies 210, 803 to expand out from the center point of the cubical device 100, to rotate, and then collapse inward until cubical device 100 is reformed with the particular side of the faces in an outward-facing orientation. The joints, links and gears in the mechanism restrict the degrees of freedom to one such that the entire inversion movement is coupled. Multiple applications are proposed for the device, and embodiments having actuators for driving the inversion are disclosed.

Abstract: An optode for a functional infrared diffuse optical neuroimaging system uses a GRIN lens and prism for coupling to an optical fiber at a right-angle to the lens. The lens is inserted into a grommet for attachment to an elastomeric cap worn by a subject. In an embodiment, the cap also has an array of electroencephalographic electrodes, with optodes arranged such that an optical path exists between a transmitter and a receiver optode beneath each electroencephalographic electrode. In an embodiment, quadfurcated optical cabling is used to permit illumination of each of multiple optodes with wavelengths provided from each of multiple lasers, and permitting each laser to illuminated multiple optodes.