Abstract: Described herein are electrochemically active-material structures comprising silicon and one or more inert elements, chemically and/or atomically dispersed in these electrochemically active-material structures. Also described are negative battery electrodes and lithium-ion electrochemical cells comprising such electrochemically active-material structures as well as methods of fabricating such structures, electrodes, and lithium-ion electrochemical cells. Some examples of atomically-dispersed inert elements include, but are not limited to, hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and chlorine (Cl). Unlike silicon, inert elements do not interact with lithium at an operating voltage of the negative battery electrode and therefore do not contribute to the overall cell capacity. At the same time, these inert elements help to mitigate silicon swelling by operating as a mechanical buffer, support structure, and/or additional conductive pathways.

Abstract: Described herein are electrochemically active-material structures comprising silicon and one or more inert elements, such that these inert elements are chemically and/or atomically dispersed. Also described are negative battery electrodes and lithium-ion electrochemical cells comprising such electrochemically active-material structures as well as methods of fabricating such structures, electrodes, and lithium-ion electrochemical cells. Some examples of atomically-dispersed inert elements include, but are not limited to, hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and chlorine (Cl). Unlike silicon, inert elements do not interact with lithium at an operating voltage of the negative battery electrode and therefore do not contribute to the overall cell capacity. At the same time, these inert elements help to mitigate silicon swelling by operating as a mechanical buffer, support structure, and/or additional conductive pathways.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a goods picking and conveying device, a goods picking system and a goods picking method. The conveying device includes a container configured to accommodate goods; a track arranged on a suspended ceiling of a warehouse to guide the container to move; and a container scanning controller configured to identify the container running on the track, and obtain conveying information of the container according to an identification result, and cause the container to move to a corresponding check station according to the conveying information of the container.

Abstract: Provided is a light backdoor attack method for a physical world. The method includes: generating, by a flashlight, a light trigger on a traffic sign; capturing and acquiring, by a camera, a backdoor training set, and marking all images in the backdoor training set as a target label; constructing a training set according to the backdoor training set and a clean training set; training a backdoor model using the training set to obtain a trained backdoor model; and evaluating effectiveness of light backdoor attack by applying the trained backdoor model to a testing set. The method can poison DNNs to achieve a more covert backdoor attack and provide a new idea for physical backdoor attack field.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining seismic data based on a seismic survey regarding a geological region of interest. The method may further include obtaining grid data based on the geological region of interest. The method may further includes determining various travel times using the seismic data, the grid data, an Eikonal function, and a velocity model for the geological region of interest. The method may further include determining various attenuated travel times using the travel times, the grid data, and a forward modeling function that includes various gradient components. The method may further include determining various updated attenuated travel times using the attenuated travel times, the grid data, the forward modeling function, and a fast sweeping method. The method may further include generating an attenuation model of the geological region of interest using the updated attenuated travel times.

Abstract: A privacy protection method and system for financial data sharing based on federated learning are provided. In recent years, due to the restrictions of data security and privacy protection laws and regulations, it is difficult to share data across institutions or departments. In order to make data transfer and transaction between different entities can be achieved without violating the national laws on data privacy and data security, the privacy protection method and system for financial data sharing based on federated learning is provided. A privacy collection intersection technology is adopted, so that two institutions, which may have many differences in business, but most of their customer groups are the same, jointly train a learning model.

Abstract: An unmanned vehicle path control method, apparatus, and system queries the current position and a target position of an unmanned vehicle. Path planning according to the current position, the target position, and a heading direction indicated by landmarks arranged on two sides of a road is performed, so as to obtain a planned path having the minimum path cost. The unmanned vehicle travels forward on a predetermined side of the road and sends the planned path to the unmanned vehicle, so that the unmanned vehicle reaches the target position according to the planned path.

Abstract: Provided are methods of forming active materials for electrochemical cells using low-temperature electrochemical deposition, e.g., at less than 200° C. Specifically, these processes allow precise control of the morphology, composition, and/or size of the deposited structures. For example, a deposited structure may be doped, alloyed, or surface treated during its formation using a combination of different precursors. In particular, a silicon structure may be prelithiated while being formed. Different working electrodes (e.g., with different surface sizes and properties) allow forming different types of structures, e.g., precipitating particles from the solution or specific types of films deposited on the working electrode. These processes require minimal energy and do not use volatile precursors. Furthermore, these processes produce a more confined waste stream, suitable for post-reaction recycling. Finally, low-temperature electrochemical deposition can be readily scaled up.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining seismic data based on a seismic survey regarding a geological region of interest. The method may further include obtaining grid data based on the geological region of interest. The method may further includes determining various travel times using the seismic data, the grid data, an Eikonal function, and a velocity model for the geological region of interest. The method may further include determining various attenuated travel times using the travel times, the grid data, and a forward modeling function that includes various gradient components. The method may further include determining various updated attenuated travel times using the attenuated travel times, the grid data, the forward modeling function, and a fast sweeping method. The method may further include generating an attenuation model of the geological region of interest using the updated attenuated travel times.

Abstract: A path planning method for an unmanned device includes taking a current landmark as a current node, obtaining a landmark corresponding to a product to be picked with a route closest to the current node, and taking the obtained landmark as the current node, wherein an initial value of the current node is an initial landmark of the unmanned device; determining whether the current node is a landmark corresponding to the last product to be picked; if no, performing the step of obtaining a landmark corresponding to a product to be picked with a route closest to the current node; and if yes, taking a route composed of the initial landmark of the unmanned device and landmarks corresponding to products to be picked that are selected sequentially as a travel route of the unmanned device.

Abstract: Provided are examples of electrochemically active electrode materials, electrodes using such materials, and methods of manufacturing such electrodes. Electrochemically active electrode materials may include a high surface area template containing a metal silicide and a layer of high capacity active material deposited over the template. The template may serve as a mechanical support for the active material and/or an electrical conductor between the active material and, for example, a substrate. Due to the high surface area of the template, even a thin layer of the active material can provide sufficient active material loading and corresponding battery capacity. As such, a thickness of the layer may be maintained below the fracture threshold of the active material used and preserve its structural integrity during battery cycling.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining seismic data regarding a geological region of interest. The seismic data may correspond to a seismic survey that is divided into various bins in a predetermined bin grid. The method may further include determining a first multiblock bin within the seismic survey. The first multiblock bin may correspond to a source bin and a receiver bin among the bins. The method may further include determining traveltime table data using the seismic data and various multiblock bins that include the first multiblock bin. The method further includes determining migrated data using the seismic data, the traveltime table data, a velocity model, a migration function, and various parallel processors. The method further includes generating a seismic image of the geological region of interest using the migrated data.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a searchable encrypted data sharing method and system based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption, which protects security of sensitive data on the blockchain and realizes searchable and homomorphic calculation of data ciphertext. According to the present disclosure, a data owner encrypts the generated sensitive data and the keywords extracted according to the data with his own key, and then sends the encrypted transaction information to the cloud server. The cloud server verifies the identity of the data owner. If the verification succeeds, the uploaded ciphertext data is stored on a local server, and a ciphertext index, keyword ciphertext and related evidences of the data storage are uploaded to an alliance chain. The alliance chain node verifies the consistency of the uploaded transaction information, and if the verification succeeds, the transaction information is recorded.

Abstract: Described herein are carbon-silicon composite structures and methods of producing such structures. A carbon-silicon composite structure comprises one or more carbon-containing structures that have pores at least partially filled with silicon-containing structures. Specifically, the silicon-containing structures are attached to the pore walls while maintaining void spaces within these pores. These void spaces can accommodate silicon expansion during lithiation. Carbon-silicon composite structures can be produced by submerging carbon-containing structures into a precursor liquid solution (comprising a precursor) and driving this solution into the pores. The silicon-containing structures are then formed (from the precursor) within the pores either electrochemically (e.g., by applying a voltage to the solution and structures) or chemically (e.g., by introducing the structures into a reducing liquid solution). In some examples, these void spaces are sealed from the environment by additional structures, e.g.

Abstract: A method for forming an image of a subterranean region of interest, using an observed seismic dataset, a seismic velocity model and a simulated seismic dataset based in part, on the seismic velocity model is provided. This method includes forming trace pairs from the simulated and observed seismic dataset, wherein each of the trace pairs comprises of an observed trace and a simulated trace. An objective function is formed based on a penalty function and a phase cross-correlation between the observed and simulated seismic trace of each of the trace pairs. This method further includes determining an extremum of the objective function and a seismic velocity increment based on the extremum. The seismic velocity model is updated by combining the seismic velocity increment and the seismic velocity model and the image of the subterranean region of interest is formed based in part, on the seismic velocity model.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates a display device that can enhance thermal diffusion performance of a display panel in its plane direction. The display device includes a plate-shaped display cell that displays an image, and a thin plate-shaped heat conduction member stuck on a rear face side of the display cell. The heat conduction member is formed with a thickness of approximately 0.3 to 1.0 mm. The technology according to the present disclosure can be applied, for example, to a television receiver or a display in which an OLED cell is used.

Abstract: Provided are methods of forming active materials for electrochemical cells using low-temperature electrochemical deposition, e.g., less than 200° C. Specifically, these processes allow precise control of the morphology, composition, and size of deposited structures. For example, the deposited structure may be doped, alloyed, or surface treated during their deposition using a combination of different precursors. In particular, silicon structure may be pre-lithiated while these structures are being formed. The selection of working electrodes (surface size and properties), electrolyte composition, and other parameters result in different types of structures, e.g., precipitating from the electrolyte or deposited on the electrode. Low-temperature plating does not require a lot of energy and volatile and invisible precursors. Furthermore, this plating produces a more confined waste stream, suitable for post-reaction recycling.

Abstract: A dynamic and verifiable searchable encryption method based on updatable encryption and blockchain and a system thereof are provided. The method is suitable for the real scene where the data user and the data owner are not the same party. The method adopts the updatable technology to update the secret key in the searchable encryption, and the security of the key update could achieve Chosen Ciphertext Security (CCA) and Ciphertext Integrity (CTXT) security. In addition, the method is used to judge whether the cloud server is “trustworthy” by verifying the search results publicly based on the blockchain. Therefore, the verifiable dynamic searchable encryption method based on updatable encryption and blockchain has been greatly improved in terms of practicability and security.

Abstract: Provided herein are nanostructures for lithium ion battery electrodes and methods of fabrication. In some embodiments, a nanostructure template coated with a silicon coating is provided. The silicon coating may include a non-conformal, more porous layer and a conformal, denser layer on the non-conformal, more porous layer. In some embodiments, two different deposition processes, e.g., a PECVD layer to deposit the non-conformal layer and a thermal CVD process to deposit the conformal layer, are used. Anodes including the nanostructures have longer cycle lifetimes than anodes made using either a PECVD or thermal CVD method alone.

Abstract: Provided are layered gel-polymer electrolytes and electrochemical cells comprising these electrolytes as well as methods of forming the electrolytes and the cells. A gel-polymer electrolyte comprises a support core and one or two interface layers on the core surface. The interface layers are relied on to conform to electrode surfaces with high surface roughness, while the support core prevents any physical penetration and electrical shorts through the gel-polymer electrolyte, e.g., by electrode protruding peaks. Specifically, the interface layer redistributes around these protruding peaks and forms a continuous interface with the electrode surface. When the stack is compressed, the gel-polymer electrolyte also releases some liquid electrolyte, which soaks the electrode and enhances ionic transfer within the electrode and through the electrolyte-electrode interface. The gel-polymer electrolyte is formed by coating interface layers on the support core and soaking this assembly in a liquid electrolyte.