Abstract: A decoration element is described. The decoration element includes a light reflective layer; a light absorbing layer provided on the light reflective layer; and a color developing layer comprising a color film, wherein the color developing layer is provided: on a surface of the light reflective layer opposite to a surface of the light reflective layer facing the light absorbing layer; between the light reflective layer and the light absorbing layer; or on a surface of the light absorbing layer opposite to a surface of the light absorbing layer facing the light reflective layer.

Abstract: The present invention may provide an organic electroluminescent device which exhibits low driving voltage as well as high efficiency by including an electron transporting layer material having an improved electron transporting ability.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a conductive structure body, a method for manufacturing the same, and an electrode and an electronic device including the conductive structure body.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first junction-gate field-effect transistor (JFET) having a first pinch-off voltage, and a second JFET having a second pinch-off voltage higher than the first pinch-off voltage. The first JFET includes a first top gate region disposed on a surface of a substrate, a first channel region surrounding the first top gate region, and a first bottom gate region disposed under the first channel region. The second JFET includes a second top gate region disposed on the surface and having a same depth with the first top gate region relative to the surface, a second channel region surrounding the second top gate region and disposed deeper than the first channel region relative to the surface, and a second bottom gate region disposed under the second channel region and being deeper than the first bottom gate region relative to the surface.

Abstract: An open electronic commerce system includes a user computing device holding a virtual currency, as a node of a blockchain network; a virtual currency exchange server configured to support virtual currency trading; a point exchange service server configured to determine a reference price parameter from the virtual currency exchange server when there is a request for exchange of the virtual currency that the user computing device holds, and to exchange the virtual currency for a point corresponding to the virtual currency requested to be exchanged; and an electronic commerce server configured to provide support for purchase of an item with the point.

Abstract: An open electronic commerce system includes a user computing device holding a virtual currency, as a node of a blockchain network; a virtual currency exchange server configured to support virtual currency trading; a point exchange service server configured to determine a reference price parameter from the virtual currency exchange server when there is a request for exchange of the virtual currency that the user computing device holds, and to exchange the virtual currency for a point corresponding to the virtual currency requested to be exchanged; and an electronic commerce server configured to provide support for purchase of an item with the point.