Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for capturing CO2 on a large scale using aqueous solutions of zwitterionic bases by contacting a gas stream containing one or more acid gases with said solutions. The internal salts obtained in the present invention have the advantage of not being volatile, being less susceptible to chemical and thermal decomposition, and also have lower absorption enthalpy. The present invention can be used in various industry sectors, such as in the energy sector, for capturing CO2 from exhaust gases, in the chemical sector, for removing CO2 from the gas streams of catalytic processes in which the CO2 can poison the catalysts, and, in particular, in the oil and gas sector, for purifying natural gas.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass that comprises the step of contacting a lignocellulosic biomass with an ionic liquid consisting of a phthalic salt of dicholine in the weight ratio from 1:1 to 1:100 of biomass:ionic liquid, said step taking place for a period of time that varies from 0.4 to 48 hours and in a temperature range that varies from 60 to 200° C. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass in an enzymatic hydrolysis process.

Abstract: The present invention describes a hydraulic cement composition, its obtaining process and its use. More precisely, the hydraulic cement composition comprises increased resistance to CO2 for application in subsurface fluid reservoirs.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass that comprises the step of contacting a lignocellulosic biomass with an ionic liquid consisting of a phthalic salt of dicholine in the weight ratio from 1:1 to 1:100 of biomass:ionic liquid, said step taking place for a period of time that varies from 0.4 to 48 hours and in a temperature range that varies from 60 to 200° C. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass in an enzymatic hydrolysis process.

Abstract: A process for producing biodiesel from natural oils and/or fats, a low molecular weight C1-C6 alcohol and catalyst is described. The process preferably uses vegetable oils and is specifically configured for producing biodiesel from castor oil.

Abstract: A process for producing biodiesel from natural oils and/or fats, a low molecular weight C1-C6 alcohol and catalyst is described. The process preferably uses vegetable oils and is specifically configured for producing biodiesel from castor oil.

Abstract: A method is provided for thermo-chemical dewaxing a large dimension line or conduit using a Nitrogen Generation System/Emulsion. The method involves introducing an emulsion into the conduit to be dewaxed. The emulsion comprises an internal aqueous phase and an external organic phase. The aqueous phase comprises an oxidizing nitrogen salt, a reducing nitrogen salt and water. The organic phase comprises a non-polar organic liquid, such as kerosine, and a delayed action activator for inducing the reaction of said oxidizing nitrogen salt and said reducing nitrogen salt. The delayed action activator may be a linear, aliphatic polyanhydride, such as poly(adipic anhydride). The emulsion is maintained in the conduit until the delayed action activator induces the reaction of the nitrogen salts to generate nitrogen and heat, thereby fluidizing wax in the conduit. The fluidized wax is then removed from the conduit. The emulsion may be prepared on a production platform or on nearby equipment.