Abstract: Provided are a shaper unit and an image stabilization device. A shaper unit, according to one aspect of the present invention, comprises: a shaper body formed of a transparent material; first glass disposed on one side of the shaper body; a membrane disposed on one side of the first glass; a variable prism disposed on one side of the membrane; and a second glass disposed on one side of the variable prism.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a logical qubit execution apparatus and method. The logical qubit execution apparatus may be configured to execute, by a logical execution layer, a quantum circuit including requested logical qubits using a lattice surgery operation, generate, by the logical execution layer, measurement results of the logical qubits by combining measurement results of logical Pauli frames, generate, by a physical execution layer, a physical qubit circuit by converting a logical qubit operation corresponding to the measurement results of the logical qubits into a physical qubit operation, and measure, by the physical execution layer, results of an operation on physical Pauli frames by executing the physical qubit circuit.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor is provided. The particulate matter sensor includes: an insulating substrate; a first electrode unit, and a plurality of spaced electrodes; a second electrode unit and a heater unit. Wherein each of the spaced electrode includes a sensing unit, wherein the particulate matter is deposited on the sensing unit, and a capacitor unit is configured on the spaced electrode for measuring capacitance. The plurality of spaced electrodes and the rim electrode are electrically connected when particulate matter is deposited, and thereby the capacitance between the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit can be measured.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor is provided that can include: an insulating substrate; a plurality of sensing electrodes which are disposed on one surface of the insulating substrate and spaced a predetermined interval from each other so as not to be electrically connected to each other; a connection electrode disposed to be coplanar with the plurality of sensing electrodes and connected to a connection terminal formed on the one surface of the insulating substrate to be connected to some or all of the plurality of sensing electrodes through deposited particulate matter; a plurality of terminals formed on the one surface of the insulating substrate and connected one-to-one with the plurality of sensing electrodes and the connection electrode; and a heater unit disposed inside the insulating substrate and configured to provide heat for removing the particulate matter deposited on the sensing electrodes.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor is provided that can include: an insulating substrate; a plurality of sensing electrodes which are disposed on one surface of the insulating substrate and spaced a predetermined interval from each other so as not to be electrically connected to each other; a connection electrode disposed to be coplanar with the plurality of sensing electrodes and connected to a connection terminal formed on the one surface of the insulating substrate to be connected to some or all of the plurality of sensing electrodes through deposited particulate matter; a plurality of terminals formed on the one surface of the insulating substrate and connected one-to-one with the plurality of sensing electrodes and the connection electrode; and a heater unit disposed inside the insulating substrate and configured to provide heat for removing the particulate matter deposited on the sensing electrodes.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor and an exhaust gas purification system using the same are provided. A particular matter sensor according to some embodiments of the present invention includes a first insulation layer including a first electrode unit exposed on a first side thereof, which includes a plurality of first electrodes not electrically connected to each other, a second insulation layer arranged in parallel to the first insulation layer with a space therebetween, including a second electrode unit on a first side thereof, which includes a plurality of second electrodes electrically connected to each other, a temperature sensing unit formed on a first side of a third insulation layer located on a second side of the second insulation layer, and a heater unit formed on a first side of a fourth insulation layer located on a second side of the third insulation layer, the heater unit configured to heat the first and second electrode units.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a porous protective layer for a gas sensor. The porous protective layer according to one Example of the present invention is manufactured by a method of manufacturing a porous protective layer for a gas sensor including (1) a step of introducing a composition for forming a porous protective layer including a pore former and a ceramic powder, which includes particles having a degree of deformation of 1.5 or more expressed by the following Relational Formula 1 according to the present invention, onto a sensing electrode for a gas sensor, and (2) a step of sintering the introduced composition for forming a porous protective layer.

Abstract: Provided is a flat plate-type oxygen sensor element. The flat plate-type oxygen sensor element according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a first electrolyte layer having a sensing electrode exposed to a target gas; a second electrolyte layer on which a reference electrode is disposed; and a heating unit having a heating resistor surrounded by an insulating layer and disposed between the sensing electrode and the reference electrode, wherein the heating unit is disposed so that the heating resistor is located at a position ranging from 40 to 60% of a total height from an upper surface of the first electrolyte layer to a lower surface of the second electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor is provided. The particulate matter sensor includes: an insulating substrate; a first electrode unit, and a plurality of spaced electrodes; a second electrode unit and a heater unit. Wherein each of the spaced electrode includes a sensing unit, wherein the particulate matter is deposited on the sensing unit, and a capacitor unit is configured on the spaced electrode for measuring capacitance. The plurality of spaced electrodes and the rim electrode are electrically connected when particulate matter is deposited, and thereby the capacitance between the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit can be measured.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a porous protective layer for a gas sensor. The porous protective layer according to one Example of the present invention is manufactured by a method of manufacturing a porous protective layer for a gas sensor including (1) a step of introducing a composition for forming a porous protective layer including a pore former and a ceramic powder, which includes particles having a degree of deformation of 1.5 or more expressed by the following Relational Formula 1 according to the present invention, onto a sensing electrode for a gas sensor, and (2) a step of sintering the introduced composition for forming a porous protective layer.

Abstract: Provided is a flat plate-type oxygen sensor element. The flat plate-type oxygen sensor element according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a first electrolyte layer having a sensing electrode exposed to a target gas; a second electrolyte layer on which a reference electrode is disposed; and a heating unit having a heating resistor surrounded by an insulating layer and disposed between the sensing electrode and the reference electrode, wherein the heating unit is disposed so that the heating resistor is located at a position ranging from 40 to 60% of a total height from an upper surface of the first electrolyte layer to a lower surface of the second electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A particulate matter sensor and an exhaust gas purification system using the same are provided. A particular matter sensor according to some embodiments of the present invention includes a first insulation layer including a first electrode unit exposed on a first side thereof, which includes a plurality of first electrodes not electrically connected to each other, a second insulation layer arranged in parallel to the first insulation layer with a space therebetween, including a second electrode unit on a first side thereof, which includes a plurality of second electrodes electrically connected to each other, a temperature sensing unit formed on a first side of a third insulation layer located on a second side of the second insulation layer, and a heater unit formed on a first side of a fourth insulation layer located on a second side of the third insulation layer, the heater unit configured to heat the first and second electrode units.