Abstract: The present invention relates to a medium composition for preparing an intestinal organoid. In addition, the present invention relates to: a method for preparing an intestinal organoid, comprising a step of culturing using the medium composition; and an intestinal organoid prepared by the preparation method. The medium for preparing an intestinal organoid can promote the proliferation of the intestinal organoid and maintain the stemness of the intestinal organoid. Therefore, the medium can be used in preparing a large amount of intestinal organoids of excellent quality, and intestinal organoids prepared using the medium can be used as agents for preventing or treating intestine-associated diseases, alternatives to animal experimental models of intestine-associated diseases, and the like.

Abstract: A separator for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same, the separator includes a substrate; and a coating layer on at least one surface of the substrate, wherein the coating layer includes cube-shaped inorganic particles having a D50 particle diameter of greater than or equal to about 0.15 ?m and less than about 0.4 ?m, and a D99 particle diameter of greater than or equal to about 0.4 ?m and less than or equal to about 1.0 ?m, and the coating layer has a thickness of greater than 0 ?m and less than about 2.0 ?m.

Abstract: A method for cleaving polypeptides includes contacting a polypeptide with a recombinant or isolated Kell protein having proteolytic activity for the polypeptide. A method for converting big endothelins-1, -2 and -3 to endothelins-1, -2 and -3 respectively comprises contacting the big endothelin with Kell protein having proteolytic activity for cleaving big endothelin-1, -2 and -3 to endothelin-1, -2 or -3 respectively. In another embodiment, the Kell protein cleaves vasoactive intestinal peptide.

Abstract: The invention provides a diagnostic method of determining Kell genotype by the identification of the molecular basis of a Kell polymorphism. Specifically, the invention provides a method for determining K1/K2 genotype with great accuracy, overcoming problems associated with traditional serological typing methods. The diagnostic method of the invention preferably employs amplification of K1/K2 nucleic acid sequences, and optionally employs differential cleavage of K1- and K2-specific nucleic acid sequences by a restriction enzyme. Also provided are nucleic acid oligomers useful as probes or primers for the method of the invention. Furthermore, diagnostic kits for the determination of Kell genotype are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a diagnostic method of determining Kell genotype by the identification of the molecular basis of a Kell polymorphism. Specifically, the invention provides a method for determining K1/K2 genotype with great accuracy, overcoming problems associated with traditional serological typing methods. The diagnostic method of the invention preferably employs amplification of K1/K2 nucleic acid sequences, and optionally employs differential cleavage of K1- and K2-specific nucleic acid sequences by a restriction enzyme. Also provided are nucleic acid oligomers useful as probes or primers for the method of the invention. Furthermore, diagnostic kits for the determination of Kell genotype are provided.