Abstract: Disclosed is a gene therapy vector in which the occurrence of recombination is minimized. In order to minimize the occurrence of recombination, which is a major problem in the production and infection of a retroviral vector virus that continuously expresses a therapeutic gene during virus replication, a cleaved MCMV promoter was prepared by cutting the MCMV promoter on the basis of a repeat sequence, and the cleaved MCMV promoter was introduced to prepare a vector. It was confirmed that the vector having the cleaved MCMV promoter incorporated therein does not cause recombinations even after being incubated multiple times, and shows a continuous expression of the therapeutic protein, and in cells transfected with the virus containing the vector, cell death effectively occurs when a prodrug is administered thereto. Accordingly, the vector with minimized recombination occurrence of the present invention can be advantageously used for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: Provided herein is a lithium battery including: a cathode including a cathode active material; an anode including an anode active material; an electrolyte between the cathode and the anode; and a separator impregnated with the electrolyte, wherein the separator includes carboxyl group-containing microbial cellulose nanofibers, and wherein a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram of the separator evinces an exothermic reaction peak, represented by a differential value (dH/dT), at a temperature in a range of about 150° C. to about 200° C.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, may include an active region extending in a first direction; a plurality of channel layers on the active region to be spaced apart from each other; a gate structure, surrounding the plurality of channel layers, respectively; and source/drain regions on the active region on at least one side of the gate structure, and contacting the plurality of channel layers, wherein the gate structure may include an upper portion on an uppermost channel layer among the plurality of channel layers and lower portions between each of the plurality of channel layers in a region vertically overlapping the plurality of channel layers, wherein a width of each of the plurality of channel layers in the first direction may be less than a width of lower portions of the gate structure, adjacent to the respective channel layers among the lower portions of the gate structure in the first direction.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including an active region extending in a first direction, a gate electrode layer crossing the active region and extending in a second direction, a plurality of channel layers on the active region, spaced apart from each other in a third direction, perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate, and disposed sequentially from the active region, and surrounded by the gate electrode layer, gate spacer layers disposed on side surfaces of the gate electrode layer in the first direction, and source/drain regions disposed on the active region, on sides of the gate electrode layer, and connected to the plurality of channel layers. An uppermost channel layer among the plurality of channel layers includes channel portions separated from each other in the first direction and disposed below the gate spacer layers.

Abstract: A method of controlling a ceiling type air conditioner including a panel located on a ceiling surface, outlets formed at positions corresponding to four sides of the panel, a first vane group for opening and closing the outlets located at two opposing sides, and a second vane group for opening and closing the outlets located at the other two opposing sides includes performing a dynamic airflow mode in which an indoor temperature reaches a set temperature by controlling rotation angles of the first vane group and the second vane group, and calculating a pleasant airflow index Y for determining a pleasant feeling of a user at the set temperature. The pleasant airflow index is calculated using the indoor temperature, the rotation angle of the first vane group or the second vane group, an air volume, a distance from a floor surface and an airflow position as variables.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is disclosed. The heat exchanger of the present disclosure includes a first heat exchanger into or from which a first fluid flows or is discharged, and a second heat exchanger into or from which a second fluid flows or is discharged, the second heat exchanger being adjacent to the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are rolled together in a roll shape, are alternately disposed in a radial direction, and are in contact with each other.

Abstract: A method of controlling a ceiling type air conditioner including a panel located on a ceiling surface, outlets formed at positions corresponding to four sides of the panel, a first vane group for opening and closing the outlets located at two opposing sides, and a second vane group for opening and closing the outlets located at the other two opposing sides includes performing a dynamic airflow mode in which an indoor temperature reaches a set temperature by controlling rotation angles of the first vane group and the second vane group, and calculating a pleasant airflow index Y for determining a pleasant feeling of a user at the set temperature. The pleasant airflow index is calculated using the indoor temperature, the rotation angle of the first vane group or the second vane group, an air volume, a distance from a floor surface and an airflow position as variables.

Abstract: A method of controlling a ceiling type air conditioner including a panel, a first vane group, and a second vane group, and each of the first and second vane groups including an upper discharge vane and a lower discharge vane includes performing first mixing operation in which the first vane group guides air in a direction close to the ceiling surface to form horizontal airflow and the second vane group guides air in a direction close to a floor surface to form vertical airflow, determining whether swing operation of continuously rotating the first vane group and the second vane group or fixing operation in which the first vane group and the second vane group are located at the same angle is performed, and performing second mixing operation in which the first vane group forms the vertical airflow and the second vane group forms the horizontal airflow.

Abstract: An air conditioning device includes a vapor injection cycle in which an operating speed of a compressor is adjusted to improve efficiency, and a method for controlling the device. The air conditioning device includes an inner heat-exchanger for exchanging heat between a first portion of refrigerant passing through a condenser and a second portion of the refrigerant branched from the first refrigerant, and an injection channel through which the second portion of the refrigerant is injected into the compressor. The inner heat exchanger includes an outer tube and an inner tube disposed inside the outer tube. The first portion of the refrigerant flows into the inner tube, while the second portion of the refrigerant flows into the outer tube. Thus, when a variation of air-conditioning load is small and an injection super-heating temperature is low, the device enables reduction of the compressor rotation speed to ensure high injection super-heating temperature.

Abstract: A scroll compressor according to the present disclosure and an air conditioner having the scroll compressor may include a drive motor provided in an inner space of a casing; a rotation shaft coupled to the drive motor; a frame provided on a lower side of the drive motor; a first scroll provided on a lower side of the frame, one side of which is formed with a first wrap; a second scroll in which a second wrap engaged with the first wrap is formed, and the rotation shaft is eccentrically coupled to the second wrap to overlap therewith in a radial direction, a compression chamber is formed between the first scroll and the second scroll while being orbitally moved with respect to the first scroll, and the compression chamber is connected to an evaporator outlet side of the cooling cycle; and an injection unit one end of which is branched from a refrigerant pipe between the condenser and the evaporator, and the other end of which is connected to the compression chamber through the first scroll.

Abstract: A method of controlling a ceiling type air conditioner including a panel, a first vane group, and a second vane group, and each of the first and second vane groups including an upper discharge vane and a lower discharge vane includes performing first mixing operation in which the first vane group guides air in a direction close to the ceiling surface to form horizontal airflow and the second vane group guides air in a direction close to a floor surface to form vertical airflow, determining whether swing operation of continuously rotating the first vane group and the second vane group or fixing operation in which the first vane group and the second vane group are located at the same angle is performed, and performing second mixing operation in which the first vane group forms the vertical airflow and the second vane group forms the horizontal airflow.

Abstract: A method of controlling a ceiling type air conditioner including a panel located on a ceiling surface, outlets formed at positions corresponding to four sides of the panel, a first vane group for opening and closing the outlets located at two opposing sides, and a second vane group for opening and closing the outlets located at the other two opposing sides includes performing a dynamic airflow mode in which an indoor temperature reaches a set temperature by controlling rotation angles of the first vane group and the second vane group, and calculating a pleasant airflow index Y for determining a pleasant feeling of a user at the set temperature. The pleasant airflow index is calculated using the indoor temperature, the rotation angle of the first vane group or the second vane group, an air volume, a distance from a floor surface and an airflow position as variables.

Abstract: An ejector and a refrigeration cycle apparatus having an ejector are provided. The ejector may include an ejector body having a suction portion into which a high pressure refrigerant and a low pressure refrigerant may be suctioned, and having a mixing portion provided at one side of the suction portion and configured to mix the high pressure refrigerant with the low pressure refrigerant; a nozzle movably provided in the suction portion, and configured to inject the high pressure refrigerant; a needle inserted into an end of the nozzle and configured to control a flow sectional area of the nozzle; and a nozzle drive configured to drive the nozzle so as to be relatively movable with respect to the mixing portion and the needle. As a flow sectional area of a high pressure refrigerant passage and a flow sectional area of a low pressure refrigerant passage are controlled, a driving efficiency of the ejector may be enhanced.

Abstract: An air conditioning device includes a vapor injection cycle in which an operating speed of a compressor is adjusted to improve efficiency, and a method for controlling the device. The air conditioning device includes an inner heat-exchanger for exchanging heat between a first portion of refrigerant passing through a condenser and a second portion of the refrigerant branched from the first refrigerant, and an injection channel through which the second portion of the refrigerant is injected into the compressor. The inner heat exchanger includes an outer tube and an inner tube disposed inside the outer tube. The first portion of the refrigerant flows into the inner tube, while the second portion of the refrigerant flows into the outer tube. Thus, when a variation of air-conditioning load is small and an injection super-heating temperature is low, the device enables reduction of the compressor rotation speed to ensure high injection super-heating temperature.

Abstract: A scroll compressor according to the present disclosure and an air conditioner having the scroll compressor may include a drive motor provided in an inner space of a casing; a rotation shaft coupled to the drive motor; a frame provided on a lower side of the drive motor; a first scroll provided on a lower side of the frame, one side of which is formed with a first wrap; a second scroll in which a second wrap engaged with the first wrap is formed, and the rotation shaft is eccentrically coupled to the second wrap to overlap therewith in a radial direction, a compression chamber is formed between the first scroll and the second scroll while being orbitally moved with respect to the first scroll, and the compression chamber is connected to an evaporator outlet side of the cooling cycle; and an injection unit one end of which is branched from a refrigerant pipe between the condenser and the evaporator, and the other end of which is connected to the compression chamber through the first scroll.

Abstract: An ejector and a refrigeration cycle apparatus having an ejector are provided. The ejector may include an ejector body having a suction portion into which a high pressure refrigerant and a low pressure refrigerant may be suctioned, and having a mixing portion provided at one side of the suction portion and configured to mix the high pressure refrigerant with the low pressure refrigerant; a nozzle movably provided in the suction portion, and configured to inject the high pressure refrigerant; a needle inserted into an end of the nozzle and configured to control a flow sectional area of the nozzle; and a nozzle drive configured to drive the nozzle so as to be relatively movable with respect to the mixing portion and the needle. As a flow sectional area of a high pressure refrigerant passage and a flow sectional area of a low pressure refrigerant passage are controlled, a driving efficiency of the ejector may be enhanced.