Abstract: A coil component includes a body including magnetic metal powder and an insulating resin, an insulating substrate embedded in the body, a coil portion disposed on at least one side of the insulating substrate the body, and having a lead-out pattern exposed from one of end surfaces of the body opposing each other, an external insulating layer exposing the lead-out pattern while surrounding the body, and including a magnetic ceramic, and an external electrode disposed on the body, and connected to the lead-out pattern.

Abstract: A condensate water drain control system for fuel cells includes a fuel cell stack configured to generate electric power through chemical reaction, a fuel supply line configured to recirculate fuel discharged from the fuel cell stack together with fuel introduced from a fuel supply valve, a water trap located in the fuel supply line, the water trap being configured to collect condensate water discharged from the fuel cell stack, a drain valve configured to discharge the condensate water stored in the water trap to the outside when opened, and a drain controller configured to determine whether the fuel supply valve is controlled such that pressure in the fuel supply line is maintained before the drain valve is opened and to sense discharge of fuel from the fuel supply line through the drain valve upon determining that the pressure is maintained.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling operation of a fuel cell are provided. The method includes estimating an effective catalyst amount within a fuel cell stack and monitoring a change in the estimated effective catalyst amount according to time. An irreversible degradation state of the fuel cell stack is determined based on the monitored change in the estimated effective catalyst amount.

Abstract: A water discharge control system and method for a fuel cell are provided. The water discharge control system includes a fuel cell stack that generates power through an internal chemical reaction, a fuel supply line that recirculates fuel discharged from the fuel cell stack and supplies the fuel to the fuel cell stack, and a water trap that is disposed in the fuel supply line to store water generated in the fuel cell stack. A drain valve is disposed in an outlet port of the water trap to block discharge of the water stored in the water trap to the outside when closed. A drain controller determines whether fuel in the fuel supply line is being discharged through the outlet port when the drain valve is in an open state and closes the drain valve upon determining that fuel is being discharged.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for displaying learning content of a terminal and an application program therefor. The method for displaying learning content of a terminal of the present invention comprises the steps of: displaying text with a group of questions on a first layer; displaying a first question card corresponding to a first question on a second layer; and when a continuous touch gesture in a touch input is received in the second layer, displaying, on the second layer, a second question card corresponding to a second question according to the touch gesture, wherein the question card includes one or more examples that are selectable by a learner. According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively display learning content including a large amount of information such as multiple choice questions on a limited size screen.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling operation of a fuel cell are provided. The method includes estimating an effective catalyst amount within a fuel cell stack and monitoring a change in the estimated effective catalyst amount according to time. An irreversible degradation state of the fuel cell stack is determined based on the monitored change in the estimated effective catalyst amount.

Abstract: A system for estimating the amount of purge of a fuel cell is provided. The system includes a fuel cell that generates power by receiving hydrogen at an anode side and receives oxygen at a cathode side. A recirculation line is connected with the anode side of the fuel cell, and the gas included hydrogen therein is circulated in the recirculation line. A flow amount estimator estimates the flow amount of gas inside the recirculation line. A purge valve is positioned in the recirculation line and discharges the gas in the recirculation line to the outside when opened. A purge amount estimator estimates the amount of purge for each gas discharged through the purge valve by reflecting the flow amount of the gas estimated by the flow amount estimator.

Abstract: A control method for a fuel cell stop mode is provided. The method includes measuring an air flow rate supplied to a fuel cell stack and when a fuel cell stop mode is entered, determining an oxygen distribution state between cells included in the fuel cell stack based on the measured air flow rate. Air supply is then supplied to the fuel cell stack or the air supply to the fuel cell stack is interrupted based on the determined oxygen distribution state.

Abstract: A method of distributing power in a fuel cell system including a plurality of fuel cell stacks, includes determining, by a controller, a total system power demand, which is a power demand of the fuel cell system, determining an operation order of the fuel cell stacks based on a state of the fuel cell stacks, determining the number of operation fuel cell stacks among the plurality of fuel cell stacks based on the total system power demand and an average available power of the fuel cell stacks, determining operation target fuel cell stacks based on the operation order of the fuel cell stacks and the number of operation fuel cell stacks, and determining a power demand of each of the operation target fuel cell stacks based on the total system power demand and an effective catalyst reaction area ratio of each fuel cell stack included in the operation target fuel cell stacks.

Abstract: Proposed are a composition for production of cat litter, cat litter, and a method for production of cat litter, the composition including: 45% to 58% by weight of coffee grounds; 40% to 50% by weight of natural polymer; 0.03% to 3% by weight of polymer gum; and 0.5% to 5% by weight of sodium alginate.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating an amount of condensed water in an anode of a fuel cell system includes: an initial anode water vapor amount calculation unit to calculate an initial amount of water vapor in the anode of a fuel cell upon startup, an anode diffusion amount calculation unit to calculate an amount of H2O diffused from a cathode to the anode, a purge amount calculation unit to calculate an amount of water vapor discharged upon gas purging in the anode, a recirculation amount calculation unit to calculate the amount of water vapor recirculated to the anode, and a condensed water amount determination and water level estimation unit to calculate the actual amount of water vapor in the anode based on values calculated using these units and to calculate the amount of condensed water in a water trap.

Abstract: Disclosed are a deterioration estimation system for the fuel cell, a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell including the same, and a hydrogen supply method for a fuel cell, the deterioration estimation system including a fuel cell which receives hydrogen gas and oxidizing gas respectively supplied to an anode side and a cathode side thereof to generate electrical power, a hydrogen supply line which is connected to the anode side of the fuel cell and supplies gas containing hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, a hydrogen supply valve which is located between the hydrogen supply line and a hydrogen tank, supplies, when opened, hydrogen gas stored in the hydrogen tank to the hydrogen supply line, and blocks the supply of the hydrogen gas when closed, and a deterioration estimating unit which estimates the deterioration state of the fuel cell, based on the opening and closing control of the hydrogen supply valve or a change in the pressure in the hydrogen supply line.

Abstract: A copper alloy for valve seats, and more particularly a copper alloy for valve seats with improved wear resistance, contains 12 to 24% by weight of Ni, 2 to 4% by weight of Si, 7 to 13% by weight of Cr, 20 to 35% by weight of Fe, and a balance of Cu and other impurities.

Abstract: A composition of a copper alloy for a laser cladding valve sheet is disclosed. The copper alloy includes a matrix structure and a hard phase, which includes 12 to 24 wt % of Ni, 2 to 4 wt % of Si, 8 to 30 wt % of Fe, more than 5 wt % and less than 10 wt % of Mo, 2 to 10 wt % of Al, and the balance Cu. The interfacial delamination may be suppressed in a fatigue environment by micronizing the hard phase and the distribution thereof, thereby improving fatigue resistance and wear resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for determining a hydrogen supply failure of a fuel cell, the system including: a fuel cell, a plurality of hydrogen tanks having hydrogen, a hydrogen supply line connected to the hydrogen tanks and supplying hydrogen from the hydrogen tanks to the fuel cell, a plurality of tank valves mounted on the hydrogen tanks, respectively, and discharging hydrogen in the hydrogen tanks to the hydrogen supply line when opening, a pressure sensor sensing pressure in the hydrogen supply line, and a determiner determining poor opening of the hydrogen tanks on the basis of pressure information sensed by the pressure sensor.

Abstract: A heat treatment method of a component for a vehicle includes: heating an inner space of a heat treatment furnace in which a component for a vehicle is disposed in the inner space; stabilizing hydrogen (H2) by injecting the H2 into the inner space; and performing nitrification heat treatment for the component by injecting only ammonia (NH3) into the inner space after the stabilizing. The heat treatment method may adjust the degree of vacuum and the flow rate instead of a Kn without additionally injecting the H2 gas into an NH3 gas, thereby implementing the nitrification heat treatment of a quality similar to that of a conventional nitrification heat treatment for a short time.

Abstract: A system for estimating a concentration of hydrogen in a fuel cell is provided. The system includes a hydrogen supply line supplying the hydrogen to the fuel cell and a time measurement sensor measuring a time duration from a point in time when an operation of the fuel cell ends to a point in time when the fuel cell restarts. A controller estimates an amount of air introduced into the fuel cell during the time duration using the measured time duration and estimates a concentration of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply line at the time of restarting the fuel cell based on the measured time duration and the estimated amount of introduced air.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for displaying learning content of a terminal and an application program therefor. The method for displaying learning content of a terminal of the present invention comprises the steps of: displaying text with a group of questions on a first layer; displaying a first question card corresponding to a first question on a second layer; and when a continuous touch gesture in a touch input is received in the second layer, displaying, on the second layer, a second question card corresponding to a second question according to the touch gesture, wherein the question card includes one or more examples that are selectable by a learner. According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively display learning content including a large amount of information such as multiple choice questions on a limited size screen.

Abstract: A system for estimating the amount of purge of a fuel cell is provided. The system includes a fuel cell that generates power by receiving hydrogen at an anode side and receives oxygen at a cathode side. A recirculation line is connected with the anode side of the fuel cell, and the gas included hydrogen therein is circulated in the recirculation line. A flow amount estimator estimates the flow amount of gas inside the recirculation line. A purge valve is positioned in the recirculation line and discharges the gas in the recirculation line to the outside when opened. A purge amount estimator estimates the amount of purge for each gas discharged through the purge valve by reflecting the flow amount of the gas estimated by the flow amount estimator.

Abstract: A heat treatment method of a component for a vehicle includes: heating an inner space of a heat treatment furnace in which a component for a vehicle is disposed in the inner space; stabilizing hydrogen (H2) by injecting the H2 into the inner space; and performing nitrification heat treatment for the component by injecting only ammonia (NH3) into the inner space after the stabilizing. The heat treatment method may adjust the degree of vacuum and the flow rate instead of a Kn without additionally injecting the H2 gas into an NH3 gas, thereby implementing the nitrification heat treatment of a quality similar to that of a conventional nitrification heat treatment for a short time.