Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a gamma reference voltage generator and a data driver. The gamma reference voltage generator is configured to generate a gamma reference voltage. The gamma reference voltage includes a gamma amplifier configured to output the gamma reference voltage. The data driver is configured to generate a data voltage based on the gamma reference voltage and to output the data voltage to the display panel. A polarity of an offset voltage of the gamma amplifier is inverted alternately in a unit of one frame and in a unit of two frames.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for providing geographic information and analysis information for each user using a universal map, which includes: a map information receiving step of requesting authentication to a universal map server storing map information including one of a map image and guide information by transmitting user authentication information except socially disadvantaged type information, to receive map information from the universal map server; a guide information extraction step of extracting guide information, as guide information for providing the geographic information on the map image to the user terminal from the received map information, corresponding to the socially disadvantaged type information of the user among the user account information from a data model database; and a geographic information providing step of providing geographic information customized according to the user, by outputting geographic information reflecting attribute information of spatial objects to the user terminal based

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include: a dummy gate structure including a first gate pattern in which dummy gate lines extending in one direction are connected to each other on a substrate, and a second gate pattern in which dummy gate lines extending in the one direction are connected to each other on the same line with the first gate pattern; and a third gate pattern extending in parallel with the dummy gate structure on one side of the dummy gate structure.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds, compositions, methods, and kits for the treatment of pain, itch, and neurogenic inflammation.

Abstract: Provided is a method of sharing a digital key between devices, and a method, performed by an owner device, of transmitting a digital key to a target device, includes: transmitting digital key configuration data; receiving a digital key attestation including a public key of the target device, the digital key configuration data, and a signature of the target device; generating a digital key sharing attestation including the public key of the target device, the digital key configuration data, the signature of the target device, and a signature of the owner device; and transmitting the digital key sharing attestation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods for treating infections by bacteria and for killing bacteria. In particular, the disclosed compounds, compositions, and methods are useful for treating infections by bacteria and for killing persister bacteria that survive antibiotic treatment and then reconstitute infections.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an immobilizer token management system, and an embodiment may include generating immobilizer token indices, generating a digital key according to a request for the issuance of a digital key received from a digital key sharing device, mapping the digital key to one of the immobilizer token indices, and transmitting, to the digital key sharing device, the digital key and the immobilizer token index mapped to the digital key.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first active (e.g., PMOSFET) region and an adjacent second active (e.g.

Abstract: Integrated circuit devices may include a fin-type active region extending on a substrate in a first horizontal direction, a gate line extending on the fin-type active region in a second horizontal direction, a source/drain region on the fin-type active region and adjacent to the gate line, and a source/drain contact pattern connected to the source/drain region. The source/drain contact pattern may include a first portion and a second portion, the first portion having a first height, and the second portion having a second height less than the first height. The source/drain contact pattern may include a metal plug in the first and second portions and a conductive barrier film on sidewalls of the metal plug in the first and second portions. A first top surface of the conductive barrier film in the second portion is lower than a top surface of the metal plug in the second portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate having PMOSFET and NMOSFET regions spaced apart from each other in a direction, a device isolation layer provided on the substrate that defines first and second active patterns respectively on the PMOSFET and NMOSFET regions, a gate electrode crossing the first and second active patterns, first and second source/drain patterns respectively provided on the first and second active patterns respectively and near the gate electrode, and an active contact extending in the direction and coupled to the first and second source/drain patterns. The active contact includes first and second body portions, which are respectively provided on the first and the second source/drain patterns, and a first protruding portion and a recessed portion, which are provided between the first and second body portions and on the device isolation layer between the PMOSFET and NMOSFET regions. The recessed portion has an upwardly recessed bottom.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an electronic device for processing a digital key and an operation method thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a data driver including a digital to analog converter configured to convert image signal data into a plurality of data voltages, and an output buffer unit including a plurality of channels for outputting the plurality of data voltages. The output buffer unit includes a plurality of output blocks. Each output block includes one or more channels. Data voltages outputted from a first output block among the plurality of output blocks are delayed with a first time difference. Data voltages outputted from a second output block among the plurality of output blocks are delayed with a second time difference which is different from the first time difference.

Abstract: A secure element (SE) for processing a digital key includes a communication interface for communicating with a host, a memory for storing programs and data for processing the digital key, and a processor for executing the programs stored in the memory to receive a digital key processing request from a target device, determine whether a service is providable to the target device, by using a service-provider-specific service performance manager, process the digital key by using a digital key manager based on digital key processing information stored in the memory, upon determining that a service is providable to the target device, issue a digital key processing certificate by using the service-provider-specific service performance manager based on authentication information stored in the memory, and transmit the digital key processing certificate to at least one of a service provider and the target device.