Abstract: SOFC cell comprising a metallic support 1 ending in a substantially pure electron conducting oxide, an active anode layer 2 consisting of doped ceria, ScYSZ, Ni—Fe alloy, an electrolyte layer 3 consisting of co-doped zirconia based on oxygen ionic conductor, an active cathode layer 5 and a layer of a mixture of LSM and a ferrite as a transition layer 6 to a cathode current collector 7 of single phase LSM. The use of a metallic support instead of a Ni—YSZ anode support increases the mechanical strength of the support and secures redox stability of the support. The porous ferrite stainless steel ends in a pure electron conducting oxide so as to prevent reactivity between the metals in the active anode which tends to dissolve into the ferrite stainless steel causing a detrimental phase shift from ferrite to austenite structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a multilayer barrier structure in a solid oxide cell stack, comprising the steps of: -providing a metal interconnect; -applying a first metal oxide layer on said metal interconnect; -applying a second metal oxide layer on top of said first metal oxide layer; -applying a third metal oxide layer on top of said second metal oxide layer; -forming a solid oxide cell stack comprising said metal interconnect having said metal oxide layers thereon; and -reacting the metal oxide in said first metal oxide layer with the metal of said metal interconnect during the SOC-stack initialisation, and a solid oxide stack comprising an anode contact layer and support structure, an anode layer, an electrolyte layer, a cathode layer, a cathode contact layer, a metallic interconnect, and a multilayer barrier structure which is obtainable by the above method and through an initialisation step, which is carried out under controlled conditions for atmosphere composition and current

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composite material comprising one or more fillers and a polymerizable resin base, wherein said one or more fillers comprise at least one filler ingredient, said filler ingredient(s) being present in a metastable first phase and being able to undergo a martensitic transformation to a stable second phase, the volume ratio between said stable second phase and said metastable first phase of said filler ingredient(s) being at least 1.005, and wherein said material further comprises one or more water- or acid- releasing agents; as well as a corresponding method of controlling the volumetric shrinkage of a composite material upon curing.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns (i) a hypodermic needle composed of a metal alloy, wherein the metal alloy is in a predominantly amorphous form, said amorphous form of said metal alloy having a glass transition temperature (T 9 ) in the range of 50-6500 C, (ii) methods for the manufacture of such injection needles by casting or moulding an amorphous alloy, and (iii) a method of safely disposing hypodermic needles.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of making a magnetic regenerator for an active magnetic refrigerator, the method comprising: forming a magnetic regenerator from a slurry or a paste containing a magnetocaloric material the magnetic regenerator being formed to have plural paths therethrough for the flow of a heat transfer fluid; and varying the composition of the magnetocaloric material so that the magnetic transition temperature of the magnetic regenerator varies along the paths.

Abstract: The present invention provides a graded multilayer structure, comprising a support layer (1) and at least 10 layers (2, 3) forming a graded layer, wherein each of the at least 10 layers (2, 3) is at least partially in contact with the support layer (1), wherein the at least 10 layers (2, 3) differ from each other in at least one property selected from layer composition, porosity and conductivity, and wherein the at least 10 layers (2, 3) are arranged such that the layer composition, porosity and/or conductivity horizontally to the support layer (1) forms a gradient over the total layer area.

Abstract: Electrochemical cell, such as an SOFC, comprising a porous solid electrode (2) in contact with an electrolyte (1), which has been treated so as to become gasproof before the electrode is applied. According to the invention, this contact has been mechanically improved by sintering anchoring particles (3) of for instance TiO2 onto the electrolyte (1). Subsequently, the electrode (2) can be sintered thereon at a temperature lower than hitherto known while still obtaining a sufficient, mechanical attachment in the contact. The latter lowering of the process temperature results in an improved efficiency of the electrode (2), and it allows the use of electrodes which are usually reactive towards the electrolyte at comparatively higher process temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite material exhibiting a low or even negligible volumetric shrinkage upon curing, or even a small expansion (e.g. up to 0.5%), in particular composite materials in the form of dental filling materials. The present invention also relates to a method of controlling volumetric shrinkage of a composite material upon curing, and to a method of reconstructing a tooth. The present invention also relates to ultrasonic curing of dental filling materials. The present invention further relates to a population of zirconia particles and methods for preparing such zirconia particles (e.g. zirconia in the tetragonal phase or zirconia in the cubic phase). The martensitic transformation of the filler ingredients is, e.g., triggered by application of ultrasound or by a chemical trigger.

Abstract: A method of producing porous membrane structure for fuel cells by means of Fe—Cr alloy powders and oxides of Fe—Cr alloy powders and oxides of Fe, Cr, Ni or Co is characterised by said powders being mixed so that Fe/(Fe+Cr) is in the range of 50-90%, a paste of said powders being produced by means of solvents, surfactants or binders, pore formers possibly being added in order to obtain porosity, and if the product produced by means of the suspension is to be dense, sintering aids may be added as appropriate sites, the suspension being tape-cast, extruded, rolled or the like and heat treated or the like and heat treated in an oxygen containing atmosphere for burn out of organic components and sintered in highly reducing atmosphere for reducing to Fe, Ni, Co and possibly also to Cr so that oxides of Fe, Ni, Co and Cr are at least partly reduced to metallic states reacting with the Fe—Cr powder. As a result the requirements to TEC corrosion resistance etc. are fulfilled.

Abstract: SOFC cell comprising a metallic support 1 ending in a substantially pure electron conducting oxide, an active anode layer 2 consisting of doped ceria, ScYSZ, Ni—Fe alloy, an electrolyte layer 3 consisting of co-doped zirconia based on oxygen ionic conductor, an active cathode layer 5 and a layer of a mixture of LSM and a ferrite as a transition layer 6 to a cathode current collector 7 of single phase LSM. The use of a metallic support instead of a Ni—YSZ anode support increases the mechanical strength of the support and secures redox stability of the support. The porous ferrite stainless steel ends in a pure electron conducting oxide so as to prevent reactivity between the metals in the active anode which tends to dissolve into the ferrite stainless steel causing a detrimental phase shift from ferrite to austenite structure.

Abstract: Electrochemical cell, such as an SOFC, comprising a porous solid electrode (2) in contact with an electrolyte (1), which has been treated so as to become gasproof before the electrode is applied. According to the invention, this contact has been mechanically improved by sintering anchoring particles (3) of for instance TiO2 onto the electrolyte (1). Subsequently, the electrode (2) can be sintered thereon at a temperature lower than hitherto known while still obtaining a sufficient, mechanical attachment in the contact. The latter lowering of the process temperature results in an improved efficiency of the electrode (2), and it allows the use of electrodes which are usually reactive towards the electrolyte at comparatively higher process temperatures.