Abstract: An optical characteristic measuring apparatus includes an optical system, a detector, and an analysis unit. The optical system collects detection light incident from a sample. The detector spectrally disperses the detection light in plural times to generate plural pieces of detection data, the plural pieces of detection data indicating their respective spectra of detection light incident from the sample to the optical system with an optical distance between the sample and the optical system being different from each other. The analysis unit analyzes the spectrum indicated by the detection data to measure a predetermined optical characteristic of the sample. The analysis unit specifies a piece of the detection data to be used for measuring the optical characteristic based on intensity of the detection light in the plural pieces of detection data, and measures the optical characteristic based on the specified piece of the detection data.

Abstract: An optical characteristic measurement apparatus which can be reduced in size and can achieve enhanced versatility is provided. The optical characteristic measurement apparatus includes a first optical element which converts measurement light from a measurement target object to parallel light, a reflective lens which reflects the parallel light from the first optical element to convert the parallel light to convergent light, a light reception portion which receives the convergent light from the reflective lens, and a drive mechanism which varies a position of the first optical element relative to the measurement target object.

Abstract: An optical characteristic measuring apparatus includes an optical system, a detector, and an analysis unit. The optical system collects detection light incident from a sample. The detector spectrally disperses the detection light in plural times to generate plural pieces of detection data, the plural pieces of detection data indicating their respective spectra of detection light incident from the sample to the optical system with an optical distance between the sample and the optical system being different from each other. The analysis unit analyzes the spectrum indicated by the detection data to measure a predetermined optical characteristic of the sample. The analysis unit specifies a piece of the detection data to be used for measuring the optical characteristic based on intensity of the detection light in the plural pieces of detection data, and measures the optical characteristic based on the specified piece of the detection data.

Abstract: An optical characteristic measurement apparatus which can be reduced in size and can achieve enhanced versatility is provided. The optical characteristic measurement apparatus includes a first optical element which converts measurement light from a measurement target object to parallel light, a reflective lens which reflects the parallel light from the first optical element to convert the parallel light to convergent light, a light reception portion which receives the convergent light from the reflective lens, and a drive mechanism which varies a position of the first optical element relative to the measurement target object.

Abstract: An optical characteristic measuring apparatus includes a light source, a detector and a data processing unit. Data processing unit includes a modeling unit, an analyzing unit and a fitting unit. The plurality of film model equations are solved, and prescribed calculation is performed on the assumption that the optical constants included in the plurality of film model equations is identical. Fitting is performed between a waveform obtained by substituting the obtained film thickness and the obtained optical constants of the film into the film model equations and a waveform of the wavelength distribution characteristic obtained by detector, thereby determining that the optical constants included in the plurality of film model equations is identical and that the film thickness and the optical constants obtained by the analyzing unit are correct values.

Abstract: An optical characteristic measuring apparatus includes a light source, a detector and a data processing unit. Data processing unit includes a modeling unit, an analyzing unit and a fitting unit. The plurality of film model equations are solved, and prescribed calculation is performed on the assumption that the optical constants included in the plurality of film model equations is identical. Fitting is performed between a waveform obtained by substituting the obtained film thickness and the obtained optical constants of the film into the film model equations and a waveform of the wavelength distribution characteristic obtained by detector, thereby determining that the optical constants included in the plurality of film model equations is identical and that the film thickness and the optical constants obtained by the analyzing unit are correct values.

Abstract: A plasma display panel 10 includes a front substrate 11 and a back substrate 17 facing each other with a discharge space held therebetween, the surrounding areas of the substrates 11 and 17 being sealed up with a sealing layer 23, and partition walls 21 for sectioning the discharge space in a display area 31 into a plurality of discharge spaces. An exhaust/lead-in port 25 for exhausting and introducing discharge gas from and into the discharge spaces is provided in the outer peripheral non-display area 32 of one of the front and back substrates 11 and 17 and a lead-in rib 24 for defining a lead-in passage 41 from the exhaust/lead-in port 25 is provided. The dimension 42a of the space between the front substrate 11 and the back substrate 17 in the portion provided with the sealing layer 23 and the lead-in rib 24 is uniformized.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a plurality of row electrode pairs (X, Y) forming display lines which are formed on a front glass substrate (10). Each row electrode (X, Y) of the row electrode pair (X, Y) makes up transparent electrodes (Xa, Ya) each formed opposing the corresponding transparent electrode (Xa, Ya) via a discharge gap (g) for each pair, and a bus electrode (Xb, Yb) connected to the transparent electrodes (Xa, Ya). In such plasma display panel, a light-shield layer 20A is formed at least on a portion between the two bus electrodes situated back to back and a required portion in proximal to sides of the bus electrodes (Xb, Yb) connected to the transparent electrodes (Xa, Ya) on the front glass substrate (10).

Abstract: A plasma display panel 10 includes a front substrate 11 and a back substrate 17 facing each other with a discharge space held therebetween, the surrounding areas of the substrates 11 and 17 being sealed up with a sealing layer 23, and partition walls 21 for sectioning the discharge space in a display area 31 into a plurality of discharge spaces. An exhaust/lead-in port 25 for exhausting and introducing discharge gas from and into the discharge spaces is provided in the outer peripheral non-display area 32 of one of the front and back substrates 11 and 17 and a lead-in rib 24 for defining a lead-in passage 41 from the exhaust/lead-in port 25 is provided. The dimension 42a of the space between the front substrate 11 and the back substrate 17 in the portion provided with the sealing layer 23 and the lead-in rib 24 is uniformized.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a plurality of row electrode pairs (X, Y) forming display lines which are formed on a front glass substrate (10). Each row electrode (X, Y) of the row electrode pair (X, Y) makes up transparent electrodes (Xa, Ya) each formed opposing the corresponding transparent electrode (Xa, Ya) via a discharge gap (g) for each pair, and a bus electrode (Xb, Yb) connected to the transparent electrodes (Xa, Ya). In such plasma display panel, a light-shield layer 20A is formed at least on a portion between the two bus electrodes situated back to back and a required portion in proximal to sides of the bus electrodes (Xb, Yb)connected to the transparent electrodes (Xa, Ya) on the front glass substrate (10).

Abstract: An optical pickup using a fiber type SHG, an optical information recording carrier and an information recording and reproducing apparatus. In the optical pickup, the primary ray which was removed in conventional arrangements is utilized thereby the same pickup can be used not only for an optical disk of a high density but also for an optical disk of a usual record density. To raise the recording density of the information recording carrier the laminated structure is utilized to record information. Two rays having different wavelengths are directed onto the record layer and onto the recordable layer of the optical disk, and the information recording and reproducing apparatus performs the reproducing of information as well as error detection and record/reproduction of information, so that a novel reproduction mode is realized.

Abstract: A fiber type optical wavelength converter has a core made of nonlinear optical crystal and a clad surrounding the core. The core and clad have an effective refractive index N.sup..omega. satisfying the following inequality.vertline.(n.sub.G.sup.2.omega.).sup.2 -(N.sup..omega.).sup.2 .vertline.<0.093(.lambda./a).sup.2wherein n.sub.G.sup.2.omega. represents a refractive index of the core to the second harmonic wave corresponding to a dielectric tensor effectively utilized in the conversion, .lambda. represents a wavelength of the fundamental wave and a represents a radius of the core in the cross-section. The optical wavelength converter converts the fundamental wave .lambda. into the second harmonic wave .lambda./2 at a high efficiency.

Abstract: A wavelength converting device is constructed by: a fiber type wavelength converting device which uses the Cerenkov radiation type phase matching and comprises a non-linear optical crystalline core and a clad; and a transparent resin portion surrounding the wavelength converting device, wherein the resin portion has a resin outgoing edge surface of a large enough size such that the entire second harmonics light is emitted from the outgoing edge surface. The above device is a light-wavelength converting device having long enough operation length and a high conversion efficiency and is a device having an excellent environmental resistance and a high coupling efficiency.

Abstract: A stable wavelength converting apparatus comprising an axicon having a convex conical surface on that side where a second harmonics enters and a concave conical surface on the light-leaving side. This design feature can reduce the deviation of the collimation by the axicon.

Abstract: An optical pickup using a fiber type SHG, an optical information recording carrier and an information recording and reproducing apparatus. In the optical pickup, the primary ray which was removed in conventional arrangements is utilized thereby the same pickup can be used not only for an optical disk of a high density but also for an optical disk of a usual record density. To raise the recording density of the information recording carrier the laminated structure is utilized to record information. Two rays having different wavelengths are directed onto the record layer and onto the recordable layer of the optical disk, and the information recording and reproducing apparatus performs the reproducing of information as well as error detection and record/reproduction of information, so that a novel reproduction mode is realized.

Abstract: As the wavelength conversion element is built by jointing a first clad member having a groove section filled with organic non-linear optical material and a second clad member, the core diameter can be controlled precisely and the clad diameter can be made larger easily. Also, as electrodes for applying voltage are arranged adjacent to both side areas along the groove section, the crystal orientation and refractive index can easily be controlled. In addition, the groove section is formed so as to leave both side faces of the first clad member, so that degradation of the organic non-linear optical material filled in the core as well as degradation of the coupling efficiency can be prevented.

Abstract: A fiber type optical wavelength converter comprising a core, and a clad. The core is made of nonlinear optical crystal that converts the primary light or straight polarization of a frequency of .omega., which enters and propagates in the direction of the center axis of the core, into a second harmonics having a vibrating surface normal to a vibrating surface of the primary light and having a frequency of 2.omega.. The nonlinear optical crystal also satisfies n.sup..omega. .gtoreq.n.sup.2.omega. where n.sup..omega. is a refractive index to the primary light and n.sup.2.omega. is a refractive index to the second harmonics.

Abstract: A fibre-type light conversion device for converting the wavelength of an incident light comprises a core and a cladding layer provided around the core. An end surface of the device from which the light beam radiates is made conical, so that the second harmonic wave is collimated without using any additional optical element such as a conical prism. The end surface of the device is formed by a process in which the end surface of the device is polished with a central axis of the device being held at a predetermined angle with respect to a polishing surface while the device is rotated about the central axis.

Abstract: A fiber-type light conversion device comprises: a fiber-type light conversion element having a core made of non-linear optical crystal for changing the wavelength of an incident light to half by the phase matching of Cerenkov radiation; and a collimating optical system for transforming an emergent light beam emitted from the light conversion element into a parallel light beam, wherein the collimating optical system has lenses having a large spherical aberration .DELTA.z. Furthermore, the quantity of spherical aberration .DELTA.z is determined so as to satisfy the following equation of:.DELTA.z=.DELTA.h/tan.theta.where, on the assumption that a pair of parallel lights are incident to the collimating optical system at heights from the optical axis thereof different from each other, then .DELTA.h represents a difference between a pair of different heights of the parallel lights and .theta. represents an angle of emergence of the emergent light with respect to the optical axis.

Abstract: A fiber type wavelength converter formed of a core and a clad surrounding the core, the core consisting of a first core formed of a nonlinear crystalline material, for which, when the refractive index to the primary light incident on and guided by the core is represented by .eta.G.sup..omega. and the refractive index to a converted second harmonic is represented by .eta.G.sup.2.omega., the relationship .eta.G.sup.2.omega. >.eta.G.sup..omega. holds, and a second core formed of optical glass covering the first core. Specifically, the optical glass for the second core is such optical glass, for which, when the refractive index thereof to the primary light incident thereon is represented by .eta.GL.sup..omega., the relationship ##EQU1## holds.