Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a land portion is provided with a land groove connected to a peripheral grooves only in first end portion among both end portions. A direction in which the first end portion of the land groove connected to first side of at least one the peripheral groove is inclined to a tire width direction is the same as a direction in which the first portion of the land groove connected to second side of the peripheral groove is inclined to the tire width direction.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a land portion is provided with a land groove connected to a peripheral grooves only in first end portion among both end portions. A direction in which the first end portion of the land groove connected to first side of at least one the peripheral groove is inclined to a tire width direction is the same as a direction in which the first portion of the land groove connected to second side of the peripheral groove is inclined to the tire width direction.

Abstract: Provided is a pneumatic tire 1 on which mediate land portions 23a, 23a are formed. Sipes 24 are formed in the mediate land portions 23a, 23b respectively. The mediate land portion 23a disposed inside in a vehicle width direction in a state where the pneumatic tire 1 is mounted on a vehicle has larger sipe density and projects more outwardly in a tire radial direction than the mediate land portion 23b disposed outside in the vehicle width direction in a state where the pneumatic tire 1 is mounted on the vehicle.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a total area of those among a land grooves which are at an outboard shoulder land portion is less than a total area of those among the land grooves which are at an inboard shoulder land portion, an average intersection angle at which those among the outwardly open grooves which are at the outboard shoulder land portion intersect a tire width direction is less than an average intersection angle at which those among the outwardly open grooves which are at the inboard shoulder land portion intersect the tire width direction.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a land portion is provided with a land groove connected to a peripheral grooves only in first end portion among both end portions. A direction in which the first end portion of the land groove connected to first side of at least one the peripheral groove is inclined to a tire width direction is the same as a direction in which the first portion of the land groove connected to second side of the peripheral groove is inclined to the tire width direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a tread portion having a plurality of grooves which extend along a tire peripheral direction, and a plurality of land portions which are comparted in the plurality of peripheral grooves, at least one the land portion includes at least one first land groove which extends so as to have one bent portion formed into a convex shape toward one side in the tire peripheral direction, and at least one second land groove which extends so as to have one bent portion formed into a convex shape toward the other side in the tire peripheral direction.

Abstract: Provided is a pneumatic tire 1 on which mediate land portions 23a, 23a are formed. Sipes 24 are formed in the mediate land portions 23a, 23b respectively. The mediate land portion 23a disposed inside in a vehicle width direction in a state where the pneumatic tire 1 is mounted on a vehicle has larger sipe density and projects more outwardly in a tire radial direction than the mediate land portion 23b disposed outside in the vehicle width direction in a state where the pneumatic tire 1 is mounted on the vehicle.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has a toroidal carcass layer, a belt layer, and a first fiber reinforcing layer which is arranged so as to cover both end portions of the belt layer, wherein a reinforcing rubber layer is arranged between the first fiber reinforcing layer and the belt layer at a shoulder portion at one side at which the shoulder portion is positioned at an inner side of the vehicle at the time of installing the tire, and a second fiber reinforcing layer is arranged in adjacent to the outer side or the inner side of the first fiber reinforcing layer at a shoulder portion at the other side at which the shoulder portion is positioned at the outer side of the vehicle, and wherein a peeling strength of the reinforcing rubber layer is higher than a peeling strength of the belt layer and the first fiber reinforcing layer.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire is provided with a center land section formed between center main grooves, a pair of intermediate land sections formed between shoulder main grooves and the center main grooves, and a pair of shoulder land sections formed on the outside of the shoulder main grooves in a tire width direction. The center land section and the intermediate land sections swell outwardly in a tire radial direction from a basic tread profile line that smoothly connects ground contact surfaces of the pair of shoulder land sections. The radius of a peak section of the intermediate land sections is equal to or smaller than the radius of a peak section of the center land section, and the thickness of the intermediate land sections is greater than the thickness of the center land section.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire is provided with a pair of first land sections formed between shoulder main grooves and center main grooves, a second land section formed between the center main grooves, and a pair of shoulder land sections formed on the outside of the shoulder main grooves in a tire width direction. The first land sections and the second land section swell outward in the tire radial direction from a basic tread profile line that smoothly connects ground contact surfaces of the pair of shoulder land sections. A swelling amount of the first land sections that swell from the basic tread profile line is larger than a swelling amount of the second land section.

Abstract: A communication system comprising a plurality of network elements and a monitoring apparatus for centrally monitoring and controlling these network elements. Each of the network elements has a plurality of CPU's and a flash memory for accommodating programs to be performed by the CPU's. The monitoring apparatus includes a database, a management unit and a transfer unit. The database retains a plurality of programs for each of the CPU's in each network element, and generic issues defined uniquely corresponding to combinations of versions of programs to be executed by each CPU. When the version of any program is changed, the management unit selects the program to be transferred in accordance with the applicable generic issue. The transfer unit transfers the program thus selected to the monitoring apparatus.

Abstract: A method for controlling associations in time of executing an application layer in OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) between one communication equipment and the faced communication equipment is disclosed. An association confirmation request from one communication equipment is sent to the faced communication equipment. A reason of the rejection is identified when the faced communication equipment rejects the association confirmation request, and then, the association confirmation request is retransmitted according to the reason of rejection. The times of retransmission is counted to finish retransmitting the association confirmation request in the case where the count value exceeds a predetermined value.