Abstract: A thin, soft sensor array system that can be deployed over the surfaces of bag bioreactors. The sensor array is fabricated using microfabrication processes along with functionalization methods necessary for measuring pH, glucose, and temperature. Miniature integrated circuit (IC) components are incorporated with the thin-film circuits, allowing for the real-time, on-board data analysis and wireless data communication.

Abstract: A posture recognition apparatus using radar according to the present invention includes a radar sensor module configured to process reflected signals reflected from objects positioned in a detection region and output a four-dimensional (4D) point cloud in units of frames, a tracking module configured to track the objects in the output 4D point cloud and reflect a position recognition result fed back from a posture recognition module to track the objects, and the posture recognition module configured to classify types of the objects for each track using a deep learning model based on pieces of output information about tracks, recognize a posture when the object is a person as a classification result of the track, and feed a posture recognition result of the corresponding track back to the tracking module.

Abstract: Provided is a filter unit, including a frame fixed along a perimeter of an opening in a wall, a housing connected to the frame to form an inner space, a cover plate installed on the frame to cover the inner space, and a filter box provided with a filter and installed in the inner space.

Abstract: Provided is a radio detection and ranging (radar) point cloud-based posture determination system, which clusters a point cloud acquired using radar to generate a cluster, calculates predefined features of the cluster, and determines a posture of a target through a deep learning model that has trained the calculated features.

Abstract: In a point cloud of a 4-dimensional radar signal, Doppler information of each point is encoded with color information of that point. A 3-dimensional color point cloud is processed to recognize a shape of a target. A one-dimensional array feature vector generated by integration of feature maps extracted by processing 2-dimensional multi-view color point clouds with a convolution neural network (CNN) is processed by a recurrent neural network (RNN) to recognize the shape.

Abstract: Provided is a transmission for a motor including: an input shaft rotating by driving force transmitted from the motor and having a plurality of pawls disposed on the outer circumferential surface; controller for controlling protrusion and retraction of the pawls; a plurality of driving gears through the centers of which the input shaft passes, which have ratchets formed on the inner circumferential surfaces thereof so as to be engaged with the pawls, and which are different in the number of gear teeth; a plurality of driven gears which are externally meshed with the driving gears and are different in the number of gear teeth; and an output unit for outputting rotary speed changed in speed by the driving gears and the driven gears.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for monitoring the dispensing of a fluid from a container. In one aspect, a system includes a conformal substrate including a mechanically flexible and an electrically insulative material, the substrate attached and conformed to a container containing a fluid; a data acquisition unit including a sensor and a signal processing circuit formed on the conformal substrate, in which the sensor transduces an occurrence of the fluid dispensing from the container into an electrical signal, and the signal processing circuit amplifies the electrical signal; a data processing unit formed on the conformal substrate and in communication with the data acquisition unit to process the amplified electrical signal as data; and a communications unit formed on the conformal substrate and in communication with the data processing unit to wirelessly transmit the processed data to a remote device.

Abstract: Disclosed are flexible and stretchable antenna devices, systems and methods of use and manufacture. In some aspects, a flexible and stretchable antenna device includes an adhesive substrate having flexible and stretchable material properties and capable of adhering to a surface of an object; and an antenna attached on or at least partially embedded within the adhesive substrate, the antenna including a radiating element and a ground element, in which one or both of the radiating element and the ground element include a mesh structure allowing the antenna device to transmit or receive wireless communication signals at a predetermined operating frequency while being stretched.

Abstract: A bicycle transmission hub includes: a hub shaft to input a rotation force is input, the hub shaft having first pawls arranged on the outer peripheral surface thereof; a transmission controller for controlling the first pawls to appear and disappear; driving gears, each having a ratchet formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof to receive a rotation force by the first pawls, the driving gears having a different number of teeth, the hub shaft extending through the center of each driving gear; driven gears engaged with the driving gears, respectively, having a different number of teeth, and rotating; an output wheel rotating while being coupled to a driving gear adjacent thereto among the driving gears and having a second pawl disposed on the outer peripheral surface thereof; and a hub shell having a ratchet formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof to receive a rotation force by the second pawl.

Abstract: A thin, soft sensor array system that can be deployed over the surfaces of bag bioreactors. The sensor array is fabricated using microfabrication processes along with functionalization methods necessary for measuring pH, glucose, and temperature. Miniature integrated circuit (IC) components are incorporated with the thin-film circuits, allowing for the real-time, on-board data analysis and wireless data communication.

Abstract: Provided is a transmission for a motor including: an input shaft rotating by driving force transmitted from the motor and having a plurality of pawls disposed on the outer circumferential surface; controller for controlling protrusion and retraction of the pawls; a plurality of driving gears through the centers of which the input shaft passes, which have ratchets formed on the inner circumferential surfaces thereof so as to be engaged with the pawls, and which are different in the number of gear teeth; a plurality of driven gears which are externally meshed with the driving gears and are different in the number of gear teeth; and an output unit for outputting rotary speed changed in speed by the driving gears and the driven gears.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for fabrication of flexible circuits and electronic devices in cost effective manner that can include integration of submicron structures directly onto target substrates compatible with industrial microfabrication techniques. In one aspect, a method to fabricate an electronic device, includes depositing an electrically conductive layer on a processing substrate including a weakly-adhesive interface layer on a support substrate; depositing an insulating layer on the conductive layer to attach to the conductive layer; forming a circuit on the processing substrate by etching selected portions of the conductive layer based on a circuit design; and producing a flexible electronic device by attaching a flexible substrate to the formed circuit on the processing substrate and detaching the circuit and the flexible substrate from the interface layer, in which the flexible electronic device includes the circuit attached to the flexible substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly scalable fabrication methods for producing electronic circuits, devices, and systems. In one aspect, a fabrication method includes attaching an electronic component at a location on a substrate including a flexible and electrically insulative material; forming a template to encase the electronic component by depositing a material in a phase to conform on the surfaces of the electronic component and the substrate, and causing the material to change to solid form; and producing a circuit or electronic device by forming openings in the substrate to expose conductive portions of the electronic component, creating electrical interconnections coupled to at least some of the conductive portions in a selected arrangement on the substrate, and depositing a layer of an electrically insulative and flexible material over the electrical interconnections on the substrate to form a flexible base of the circuit, in which the produced circuit or electronic device is encased.

Abstract: A bicycle transmission hub includes: a hub shaft to input a rotation force is input, the hub shaft having first pawls arranged on the outer peripheral surface thereof; a transmission controller for controlling the first pawls to appear and disappear; driving gears, each having a ratchet formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof to receive a rotation force by the first pawls, the driving gears having a different number of teeth, the hub shaft extending through the center of each driving gear; driven gears engaged with the driving gears, respectively, having a different number of teeth, and rotating; an output wheel rotating while being coupled to a driving gear adjacent thereto among the driving gears and having a second pawl disposed on the outer peripheral surface thereof; and a hub shell having a ratchet formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof to receive a rotation force by the second pawl.

Abstract: Disclosed are flexible and stretchable antenna devices, systems and methods of use and manufacture. In some aspects, a flexible and stretchable antenna device includes an adhesive substrate having flexible and stretchable material properties and capable of adhering to a surface of an object; and an antenna attached on or at least partially embedded within the adhesive substrate, the antenna including a radiating element and a ground element, in which one or both of the radiating element and the ground element include a mesh structure allowing the antenna device to transmit or receive wireless communication signals at a predetermined operating frequency while being stretched.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a semiconductor memory. The semiconductor memory includes first and second lower plugs, a first pad, a second pad, a first lower line, a second lower line, a first insulation pattern, a second insulation pattern, an upper plug, an upper line, and a plurality of variable resistance elements disposed at regions where the first and second lower lines overlap the upper line.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a semiconductor memory. The semiconductor memory includes first and second lower plugs, a first pad, a second pad, a first lower line, a second lower line, a first insulation pattern, a second insulation pattern, an upper plug, an upper line, and a plurality of variable resistance elements disposed at regions where the first and second lower lines overlap the upper line.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for fabrication of flexible circuits and electronic devices in cost effective manner that can include integration of submicron structures directly onto target substrates compatible with industrial microfabrication techniques. In one aspect, a method to fabricate an electronic device, includes depositing an electrically conductive layer on a processing substrate including a weakly-adhesive interface layer on a support substrate; depositing an insulating layer on the conductive layer to attach to the conductive layer; forming a circuit on the processing substrate by etching selected portions of the conductive layer based on a circuit design; and producing a flexible electronic device by attaching a flexible substrate to the formed circuit on the processing substrate and detaching the circuit and the flexible substrate from the interface layer, in which the flexible electronic device includes the circuit attached to the flexible substrate.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for monitoring the dispensing of a fluid from a container. In one aspect, a system includes a conformal substrate including a mechanically flexible and an electrically insulative material, the substrate attached and conformed to a container containing a fluid; a data acquisition unit including a sensor and a signal processing circuit formed on the conformal substrate, in which the sensor transduces an occurrence of the fluid dispensing from the container into an electrical signal, and the signal processing circuit amplifies the electrical signal; a data processing unit formed on the conformal substrate and in communication with the data acquisition unit to process the amplified electrical signal as data; and a communications unit formed on the conformal substrate and in communication with the data processing unit to wirelessly transmit the processed data to a remote device.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly scalable fabrication methods for producing electronic circuits, devices, and systems. In one aspect, a fabrication method includes attaching an electronic component at a location on a substrate including a flexible and electrically insulative material; forming a template to encase the electronic component by depositing a material in a phase to conform on the surfaces of the electronic component and the substrate, and causing the material to change to solid form; and producing a circuit or electronic device by forming openings in the substrate to expose conductive portions of the electronic component, creating electrical interconnections coupled to at least some of the conductive portions in a selected arrangement on the substrate, and depositing a layer of an electrically insulative and flexible material over the electrical interconnections on the substrate to form a flexible base of the circuit, in which the produced circuit or electronic device is encased.