Abstract: Gel polymer electrolyte compositions including a cross-linked three-dimensional polymer network and an electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte and water are disclosed. The gel polymer electrolyte compositions can be included in an aqueous electrochemical cell, in which a gel polymer electrolyte can be positioned between an anode and a cathode. Methods of forming a gel polymer electrolyte in the form of a film, and methods of forming an aqueous electrochemical cell including a gel polymer electrolyte, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electronic device encapsulation including a non-permeable coating and at least one pair of leads coupled to an electronic device protruding from the non-permeable coating. Also disclosed herein is a method of encapsulating an electronic device including attaching at least a pair of electric leads to the device, coating the device and a portion of each lead with a non-permeable coating, and curing the non-permeable coating. Further disclosed is an encapsulated system including a device, at least one pair of leads coupled to the device configured to extend from the device and attach to an exterior system, and a non-permeable coating configured to provide a vapor barrier surrounding the device and to provide an exposed portion of the pair of leads.

Abstract: A gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) composition and a method of forming the same are provided. The GPE includes a polymer network and an electrolyte composition comprising a deep eutectic solvent (DES) having a eutectic point of less than or equal to 25° C. An electrochemical cell including a GPE and a method of forming the same are also provided.

Abstract: Flexible lithium-ion batteries include patterned electrode assemblies configured to partition bending stresses when the lithium-ion battery is flexed by localizing high bending stresses. The patterned electrode assemblies can include a patterned current collector and active material or patterned active material formed on a current collector that is not patterned.

Abstract: An apparatus for mounting on a circuit board is provided. The apparatus may include a circuit board mount packaging and a battery. The circuit board mount packaging may include a cavity, a first internal lead, and a second internal lead. The first internal lead may be connect to a first external pin and the second internal lead may be connected to a second external pin. The battery may be disposed within the cavity of the circuit board mount packaging. The battery may comprise an anode and a cathode. The anode may be wire bond connected to the first internal lead and the cathode may be wire bond connected to the second internal lead.

Abstract: A water harvesting device includes at least a first adsorption column including a first inlet, a first outlet, and a first interior region. A sorbent material is located within the first interior region of the first adsorption column. The sorbent material includes a metal organic framework (MOF) material including a plurality of metal ions or clusters of metal ions coordinated to one or more organic linkers, a plurality of nanofabrics comprising a hydrogel material, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Sorbent materials comprising a nanofiber composite including a polymeric material defining a continuous phase and at least one metal organic framework (MOF) material defining a discontinuous phase are provided. The at least one MOF material is dispersed throughout the continuous phase of the polymeric material. Fibrous mats comprising the sorbent materials are also provided. Water harvesting devices utilizing the sorbent materials are also provided.

Abstract: A sensor for measuring ocean water salinity is described. The sensor may include a measurement clock circuit, a control clock circuit, and a comparator circuit. The measurement clock circuit, having an output that varies with salinity of a fluid, may have a first circuit architecture that includes a capacitive gap assembly that permits a fluid to flow into a gap between two electrodes of the capacitive gap assembly. The control clock circuit, having an output that does not vary with salinity of the fluid, may have a second circuit architecture comprising a capacitor. The comparator circuit may be configured to compare the controlled clock output to the measured clock output over a duration of time to determine a salinity measurement of the fluid.

Abstract: Electrodes including a passivation layer formed prior to receiving an initial charge are provided. The electrodes comprise an electrode-composition including an active electrode species, in which the electrode-composition comprises a first surface. The electrodes also comprise a passivation layer positioned onto at least a portion of the first surface. The passivation layer comprises: (i) a matrix material comprising (a) a cured propoxylated polymer, (b) an uncured hydrophobic glycol ether, or a combination of (a) and (b); and (ii) at least a first electrolyte. The electrodes may be included into an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A layered textile energy storage device can include first and second encasing layers, an anode, a cathode, and a flexible separator layer. The first and second encasing layers can each include a nylon fabric coated with a polyurethane. The anode can include a carbon fabric coated with anode active material, carbon nanotubes, and a binder material. The cathode can include a carbon fabric coated with cathode active material, carbon nanotubes, and a binder material. The flexible separator layer can be disposed between the anode and cathode to prevent internal shorting of the layered textile energy storage device. The anode, the cathode and the flexible separator layer can be disposed between the first and the second encasing layers.

Abstract: An anti-fouling coating comprising a polymeric compound, wherein a backbone of the polymeric compound is covalently bonded to a quorum sensing inhibitor, and wherein the anti-fouling coating has substantially no bactericidal activity, the quorum sensing inhibitor is substantially non-leaching from the anti-fouling coating, or both.

Abstract: A water harvesting device includes at least a first adsorption column including a first inlet, a first outlet, and a first interior region. A sorbent material is located within the first interior region of the first adsorption column. The sorbent material includes a metal organic framework (MOF) material including a plurality of metal ions or clusters of metal ions coordinated to one or more organic linkers, a plurality of nanofabrics comprising a hydrogel material, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Electrodes including a passivation layer formed prior to receiving an initial charge are provided. The electrodes comprise an electrode-composition including an active electrode species, in which the electrode-composition comprises a first surface. The electrodes also comprise a passivation layer positioned onto at least a portion of the first surface. The passivation layer comprises: (i) a matrix material comprising (a) a cured propoxylated polymer, (b) an uncured hydrophobic glycol ether, or a combination of (a) and (b); and (ii) at least a first electrolyte. The electrodes may be included into an electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Gel polymer electrolyte compositions including a cross-linked three-dimensional polymer network and an electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte and water are disclosed. The gel polymer electrolyte compositions can be included in an aqueous electrochemical cell, in which a gel polymer electrolyte can be positioned between an anode and a cathode. Methods of forming a gel polymer electrolyte in the form of a film, and methods of forming an aqueous electrochemical cell including a gel polymer electrolyte, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) composition and a method of forming the same are provided. The GPE includes a polymer network and an electrolyte composition comprising a deep eutectic solvent (DES) having a eutectic point of less than or equal to 25° C. An electrochemical cell including a GPE and a method of forming the same are also provided.

Abstract: An anti-fouling coating comprising a polymeric compound, wherein a backbone of the polymeric compound is covalently bonded to a quorum sensing inhibitor, and wherein the anti-fouling coating has substantially no bactericidal activity, the quorum sensing inhibitor is substantially non-leaching from the anti-fouling coating, or both.

Abstract: Electrodes including a passivation layer formed prior to receiving an initial charge are provided. The electrodes comprise an electrode-composition including an active electrode species, in which the electrode-composition comprises a first surface. The electrodes also comprise a passivation layer positioned directly or indirectly onto at least a portion of the first surface. The passivation layer comprises a polymeric material and at least a first electrolyte. The electrodes can be included into an aqueous electrochemical cell. Methods of forming an electrode in the form of a thin layer or film are also provided. Methods of forming an aqueous electrochemical cell are also provided.