Abstract: A heating system for heating a fluid received at an inlet, the system including a first heating device disposed in a first heated line branched from the inlet, wherein a first flow of the fluid through the first heated line is configured to be modulated by a first valve; a second heating device disposed in a second heated line branched from the inlet, wherein a second flow of the fluid through the second heated line is configured to be modulated by a second valve; and a bypass line and a third valve disposed in the bypass line, wherein a flow through the bypass line is configured to be modulated by the third valve, wherein the first and second heating devices and the first, second and third valve are configured to cooperate to heat the fluid at an outlet received from the first and second heated line and the bypass line.

Abstract: A burner including a burner tube including a side wall, a first longitudinal end configured for receiving a fuel mixture flow, a closed second longitudinal end, a chamber defined by the interior flow space of the burner tube, the cross-sectional area of the burner tube is larger at the first longitudinal end than the cross-sectional area of the burner tube at the second longitudinal end; and a plate disposed on the first longitudinal end, isolating the chamber from a space upstream of the chamber, the plate further includes a plurality of openings disposed in a spiral format on the plate and a plurality of baffles, each baffle coupled to one of the plurality of openings of the plate, each of the plurality of baffles is configured to direct a portion of the fuel mixture flow through one of the openings from the space upstream of the chamber into the chamber.

Abstract: A method for controlling an on-demand high volume capable fluid heating system that supplies a total heating power at a turndown ratio and a total flowrate of a fluid supply, the fluid heating system comprising a plurality of heat exchangers fluidly connected in parallel, each of the plurality of heat exchangers comprising: a fluid conductor, wherein each of the plurality of heat exchangers contributes to the total heating power and a portion of the total flowrate of the fluid supply through the fluid conductor; an inlet conductor configured to connect the fluid supply to the plurality of heat exchangers; an outlet conductor configured for receiving the fluid supply downstream of the plurality of heat exchangers; an auxiliary conductor connecting the inlet conductor at a first location and the outlet conductor, the auxiliary conductor comprising a modulating valve; and a pump disposed downstream from the first location on the inlet conductor.

Abstract: A system for heating a first fluid flow from a first temperature to a second temperature, the system including a hot water supply line for receiving the first fluid flow at a first end and exhausting the first fluid flow at a second end; and a heating system including a heat engine, a thermal battery and a heat exchanger, wherein the thermal battery is configured to be replenished at a point of heat transfer by the heat engine and the hot water supply line is configured to receive heat from the thermal battery via the heat exchanger to elevate the temperature of the first fluid flow from the first temperature to the second temperature.

Abstract: An on-demand high volume capable fluid heating system for supplying a total heating power at a turndown ratio and a total flowrate of a fluid supply, the fluid heating system comprising a plurality of heat exchangers fluidly connected in parallel, each of the plurality of heat exchangers comprising: a fluid conductor, wherein each of the plurality of heat exchangers contributes to the total heating power and a portion of the total flowrate of the fluid supply through the fluid conductor; an inlet conductor configured to connect the fluid supply to the plurality of heat exchangers; an outlet conductor configured for receiving the fluid supply downstream of the plurality of heat exchangers; an auxiliary conductor connecting the inlet conductor at a first location and the outlet conductor, the auxiliary conductor comprising a modulating valve; and a pump disposed downstream from the first location on the inlet conductor.

Abstract: A method for providing a warning of the risk of Legionella in a fluid conductor, the method including determining the percentage of a duration a fluid is disposed in the fluid conductor at a temperature in which Legionella can thrive during a period, wherein if the percentage of the duration is greater than about 50% of the period, a first indication of a risk of Legionella is raised.

Abstract: A means of detecting the in-situ fuel-to-air-ratio (FAR) in a combustor or flame zone using a Fourier-based flame ionization probe is presented. The use of multiple excitation frequencies and its detection at certain frequencies or combinations of harmonics of those excitation frequencies, namely, the inter-modulation distortion, provides a novel means of extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) FAR measurement in a combustor.

Abstract: A passive heater for heating a drainage tube, the passive heater including: an elongated flexible thermal conductor including a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is configured to be disposed in contacting relationship with a heat source and at least a portion of the elongated flexible thermal conductor is configured to be disposed in contacting relationship with a portion of the drainage tube; and an eyelet disposed on the first end, the eyelet configured to facilitate the securement of the elongated flexible thermal conductor to the heat source, wherein the first end is configured to receive heat and transmit it along the elongated flexible thermal conductor to increase temperature of the portion of the drainage tube to prevent freezing of a fluid through the drainage tube.

Abstract: A structure for detecting a leak, wherein the structure is supported upon a supporting surface, the structure including a leak detector; and a bottom-facing surface comprising an inverted depression in which the leak detector is disposed, the inverted depression is configured to be suitable for inducing capillary actions in a liquid collected on the supporting surface, wherein when the inverted depression comes in contact with the liquid at its periphery, the liquid is drawn to the leak detector to be detected.

Abstract: A device including: a sensor for monitoring a pressure of a fluid system to produce pressure signals over a period; and a controller configured for: receiving the pressure signals over the period; establishing an operating pressure zone corresponding to the pressure signals over the period, the operating pressure zone is representative of a normal operation zone of the fluid system, the normal operation zone defined by an area bounded by a low pressure level and high pressure level, wherein the high pressure level is disposed at a level at least at a maximum pressure of the pressure signals over the period and the low pressure level is disposed at a level at most at a minimum pressure of the pressure signals over the period.

Abstract: A guide system including a top end, a bottom end, a lumen and a plurality of openings, the system is disposed within a coil lumen at the bottom end of the heat exchanger coil with the bottom end of the system extending beyond the bottom end of the coil in a direction from the top end to the bottom end of the coil, the system configured in a shape of the coil lumen and the openings are disposed on the bottom end of the system, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to channel the flue flow from a burner through a path to heat a fluid flow of the coil before entering the lumen of the system via the openings to avoid a pressure drop due to a tendency for the flue flow to follow a path defined by a shape of the bottom end of the coil.

Abstract: A system for detecting a leak in a condensate generating device, the system including a pH sensor configured for measuring the pH of a condensate of the condensate generating device; and a controller operably connected to the pH sensor, the controller configured for measuring a rate of pH change over time of the condensate and a pH level of the condensate, wherein if the rate of pH change over time is greater than the pre-determined rate of pH over time and the pH level is greater than the pre-determined pH level, a leak in the condensate generating device is determined to have occurred.

Abstract: A means of detecting the in-situ fuel-to-air-ratio (FAR) in a combustor or flame zone using a Fourier-based flame ionization probe is presented. The use of multiple excitation frequencies and its detection at certain frequencies or combinations of harmonics of those excitation frequencies, namely, the inter-modulation distortion, provides a novel means of extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) FAR measurement in a combustor.

Abstract: A means of detecting the in-situ fuel-to-air-ratio (FAR) in a combustor or flame zone using a Fourier-based flame ionization probe is presented. The use of multiple excitation frequencies and its detection at certain frequencies or combinations of harmonics of those excitation frequencies, namely, the inter-modulation distortion, provides a novel means of extracting a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) FAR measurement in a combustor.

Abstract: A guide system including a top end, a bottom end, a lumen and a plurality of openings, the system is disposed within a coil lumen at the bottom end of the heat exchanger coil with the bottom end of the system extending beyond the bottom end of the coil in a direction from the top end to the bottom end of the coil, the system configured in a shape of the coil lumen and the openings are disposed on the bottom end of the system, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to channel the flue flow from a burner through a path to heat a fluid flow of the coil before entering the lumen of the system via the openings to avoid a pressure drop due to a tendency for the flue flow to follow a path defined by a shape of the bottom end of the coil.

Abstract: A method for determining a failure mode of a comfort device, the method includes obtaining a first input during a first operation of the comfort device, wherein the first operation is a known normal operation; classifying the first input into a class including a series of attributes and storing the first input in a database of input classes; obtaining a second input during a second operation of the comfort device; and classifying the second input into a class including a series of attributes and comparing the class of the second input to the class of the first input in a first comparison, wherein if a match exists, comparing the series of attributes of the second input to the series of attributes of the first input in a second comparison, wherein if a discrepancy is detected, a warning is raised.

Abstract: A condensate neutralizer system for treating condensate of a condensate generating device, the condensate neutralizer system including a container having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is configured to receive condensate from the condensate generating device, the container is configured to contain a condensate neutralizing material useful for treating the condensate and the outlet is configured to drain condensate treated with the condensate neutralizing material; a controller; and a pH meter functionally connected to said controller, the pH meter is configured to take pH measurements of the treated condensate, the measurements are configured to be compared to a fault pattern, wherein the fault pattern is defined by a condition where the pH measurements are lower than a pre-determined pH level and if a fault is determined to exist, a warning is raised or a delivery of replenishment of the condensate neutralizing material is initiated.

Abstract: A heat exchanger including more than one fluid conductor, each of the fluid conductors is configured to receive a distinct flow of fluid and heat from only one heat source, wherein the coils are configured to be interleaved to form a structure of a single-sized lumen in which the heat source is disposed.

Abstract: A condensate neutralizer system for treating condensate of a condensate generating device, the condensate neutralizer system including a container having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is configured to receive condensate from the condensate generating device, the container is configured to contain a condensate neutralizing material useful for treating the condensate and the outlet is configured to drain condensate treated with the condensate neutralizing material; a controller; and a pH meter functionally connected to said controller, the pH meter is configured to take pH measurements of the treated condensate, the measurements are configured to be compared to a fault pattern, wherein the fault pattern is defined by a condition where the pH measurements are lower than a pre-determined pH level and if a fault is determined to exist, a warning is raised or a delivery of replenishment of the condensate neutralizing material is initiated.