Abstract: A method and system for using the Internet to archive and retrieve web-based reference material includes a first communications device connected to the Internet. A database receives from a user via the first communications device a URL or other identification of certain reference material on the World Wide Web. After receiving the identification information from the user, the database obtains and stores a copy of the reference material and associates with it a distinctive key. A second communications device is connected to the Internet for an audience of the reference material to use. The database receives from the audience via the second communications device the distinctive key representing a request for a copy of the identified reference material. The database transmits a copy of the web-based reference material to the audience.

Abstract: A method and system for using a communications network such as the Internet to archive and retrieve bibliography information and reference material cited in a manuscript includes a first communications device connected to the Internet for an author of a manuscript to use. The author uses the first communications device to transfer identification of reference material cited by the author in the manuscript to the Internet. A second communications device is connected to the Internet for an audience of the manuscript to use. The audience uses the second communications device to request and receive a copy of the reference material cited by the author in the manuscript from the Internet. A database is connected to the Internet to communicate with the author and the audience via the Internet. The database receives the identification of reference material cited by the author from the author. The database stores a copy of the reference material and a distinctive key associated with the copy of the reference material.

Abstract: An advertising system that increases response rates to advertisements on a social network based on the personal interest score of users and the commercial score of clicked links is described. The system is based on the choices made by the user in selecting and clicking on the links that are displayed in his or her timeline on their social presence. The system also generates additional ‘real estate’ where highly pertinent advertisements may be displayed to the user while also presenting a safer user experience by pre-scanning the clicked reference links for malicious code.

Abstract: An impact absorbing, modular helmet that uses impact absorbing layers outside the hard casing of the helmet to prevent and/or reduce injury to the user is described. The protective layers on the outer side of the hard casing increase the time of impact and thereby reduces the intensity of the impact forces to reduce their injury potential. The outermost layer would preferably be made of lightweight yet rigid, durable material made of polymers, composites or metal alloys with a low friction coefficient. Subsequent layers may be made up of a polymer honeycombed structure and a uniformly consistent impact absorbing polymer material. These impact-absorbing layers may also be made and used as an independent, detachable, external protective cover that may be attached universally over hard casing helmets.

Abstract: A method and system for using a communications network such as the Internet to archive and retrieve bibliography information and reference material cited in a manuscript includes a first communications device connected to the Internet for an author of a manuscript to use. The author uses the first communications device to transfer identification of reference material cited by the author in the manuscript to the Internet. A second communications device is connected to the Internet for an audience of the manuscript to use. The audience uses the second communications device to request and receive a copy of the reference material cited by the author in the manuscript from the Internet. A database is connected to the Internet to communicate with the author and the audience via the Internet. The database receives the identification of reference material cited by the author from the author. The database stores a copy of the reference material and a distinctive key associated with the copy of the reference material.

Abstract: A manuscript author uses a website on the Internet as a manuscript reference. The author transmits the address of the website to a database connected to the Internet. The database uses the address to obtain a copy of the website from the Internet upon receiving the address such that the website copy is the same as the website as on the Internet at the time the author transmitted the address. The database stores the website copy with a key. The author lists the key in the manuscript. An audience obtains the key from the manuscript and transmits a request for the website copy along with the key to the database. The database transmits via the Internet the website copy to the audience in response to the request such that the audience receives a website copy as on the Internet at the time the author transmitted the address.

Abstract: An impact absorbing, modular helmet that uses impact absorbing layers outside the hard casing of the helmet to prevent and/or reduce injury to the user is described. The protective layers on the outer side of the hard casing increase the time of impact and thereby reduces the intensity of the impact forces to reduce their injury potential. The outermost layer would preferably be made of lightweight yet rigid, durable material made of polymers, composites or metal alloys with a low friction coefficient. Subsequent layers may be made up of a polymer honeycombed structure and a uniformly consistent impact absorbing polymer material. These impact-absorbing layers may also be made and used as an independent, detachable, external protective cover that may be attached universally over hard casing helmets.

Abstract: A innovative resistance exercise system that helps preserve an astronaut's bone density, checks muscle atrophy and helps retain postural and gait stability during space missions while increasing neuromuscular activation and enhancing sensorimotor integration is presented. This innovative system comprises of a tight suit that covers the upper torso of the astronaut—from the top of the head to a little below the waist with magnets or electromagnets placed towards the lower end of the suit. When worn by astronauts on a magnetic or electromagnetic flooring (such as a treadmill's floorboard), a force of attraction is exerted on the magnetic end of the suit to create a downward pull that would be spread by the suit onto the muscular and skeletal systems of the astronaut right from the top of the head down to their feet (thereby also loading the vertebrae which extends into the neck region), as the astronaut seeks to keep his/her upright position.

Abstract: An impact absorbing, modular helmet that prevents or reduces injury to the user and other parties in a collision is described. The helmet has layers on the outer side of the hard casing that increase the time of impact and thereby reduces the intensity of the impact forces to reduce their injury potential. The layers may be made up of uniformly consistent impact absorbing polymer material, a polymer layer filled with air or a polymer honeycombed structure. These impact-absorbing layers may also be made and used as an independent, detachable, external protective cover that may be attached universally over hard casing helmets.

Abstract: A method and system to capture data being printed onto a document along with an image of content pre-existing on the said document, during the printing process—while the document passes through a printing device is described. This involves the incorporation of one or more scanning elements with the printing element in a printing device. The data and images captured are then integrated as a single entity. Specific and relevant information from the entity thus formed is stored into a separate log/record and used for quality control and validation purposes. The log also enables the creation of metadata for the document that was printed.

Abstract: A method and system to produce alcohol from a combination of sweet sorghum and other agro-based feedstock is described. The base or major raw material is sweet sorghum and the agro feedstock may be molasses, cantaloupe fruits, mango, pineapple etc. Juice is extracted from sweet sorghum and the molasses (or juice from other feedstock) are mixed and heated to about 105 degree C. and then rapidly cooled down to about 30 degree C. when yeast is added and the fermentation takes place for about a period of 72 hours. Thereafter, the fermented juice is distilled to produce alcohol. The water consumed in this process is very less compared to traditional methods. Unique and distinct flavored alcohol/spirit can be produced without any special equipment or modifications to existing machinery. Damaged, over-ripen and unmarketable fruits may also be utilized for production of alcohol in combination with sweet sorghum juice.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that generates digital equivalents of physical/paper documents while using non-intrusive, invisible identifiers on each such physical document subjected to the digitization process to optimize future, recurrent digital document generation processes is described. The present invention prints a durable, invisible identifier onto a document the first time it is subjected to a scanning process. The usage of such non-intrusive, invisible identifiers on a document preserves its business and aesthetic integrity while enabling the document to be identified for and by other processes. The digital version of the document and the identifier are stored in a digital archive for further processing. When a set of documents including those already identified are subjected to a subsequent digitization process, the present invention reads the invisible identifier and skips the pre-identified documents from the scanning process, while scanning only those that are new.

Abstract: An impact absorbing, modular helmet that prevents or reduces injury to the user and other parties in a collision is described. The helmet has layers on the outer side of the hard casing that increase the time of impact and thereby reduces the intensity of the impact forces to reduce their injury potential. The layers may be made up of uniformly consistent impact absorbing polymer material, a polymer layer filled with air or a polymer honeycombed structure. These impact-absorbing layers may also be made and used as an independent, detachable, external protective cover that may be attached universally over hard casing helmets.

Abstract: A method and system for effective utilization of data storage capacity on storage resources of a communicatively coupled network system involves the creation of a data storage architecture that provides for a dynamic, percentage based segmentation of ‘total installed capacity’ or ‘available/unused storage capacity’ on all or selected nodes on the network system into dedicated and shared storage segments. The storage architecture also employs a centralized file server directly in the path of a distributed network file system in the preferred operating mode, where the centralized server acts uniquely as a host of original data and also as a back-up device.