Abstract: An electron gun for generating an electron beam is provided, which includes a secondary emitter. The secondary emitter includes a non-contaminating negative-electron-affinity (NEA) material and emitting surface. The gun includes an accelerating region which accelerates the secondaries from the emitting surface. The secondaries are emitted in response to a primary beam generated external to the accelerating region. The accelerating region may include a superconducting radio frequency (RF) cavity, and the gun may be operated in a continuous wave (CW) mode. The secondary emitter includes hydrogenated diamond. A uniform electrically conductive layer is superposed on the emitter to replenish the extracted current, preventing charging of the emitter. An encapsulated secondary emission enhanced cathode device, useful in a superconducting RF cavity, includes a housing for maintaining vacuum, a cathode, e.g.

Abstract: An information broker for use in an information distribution system permits users to receive information based on authentication from a second source. The information broker includes a memory, a network interface, and a processing unit. The memory contains at least one device characteristic and one user characteristic corresponding to a user device and user, respectively. The broker receives a request for information from a first user device, authenticates the request, provides the requested information for authenticated requests, and based on the request, updates the at least one characteristic contained in the memory that corresponds to the first user device. The broker transmits an authorization request to a second user device and only provides the requested information to the first user device when authorized by the second device. The broker determines if the first user device is capable of receiving the requested information based on the device characteristic stored in memory.

Abstract: An electron gun for generating an electron beam is provided, which includes a secondary emitter. The secondary emitter includes a non-contaminating negative-electron-affinity (NEA) material and emitting surface. The gun includes an accelerating region which accelerates the secondaries from the emitting surface. The secondaries are emitted in response to a primary beam generated external to the accelerating region. The accelerating region may include a superconducting radio frequency (RF) cavity, and the gun may be operated in a continuous wave (CW) mode. The secondary emitter includes hydrogenated diamond. A uniform electrically conductive layer is superposed on the emitter to replenish the extracted current, preventing charging of the emitter. An encapsulated secondary emission enhanced cathode device, useful in a superconducting RF cavity, includes a housing for maintaining vacuum, a cathode, e.g.

Abstract: An electron gun for generating an electron beam is provided, which includes a secondary emitter. The secondary emitter includes a non-contaminating negative-electron-affinity (NEA) material and emitting surface. The gun includes an accelerating region which accelerates the secondaries from the emitting surface. The secondaries are emitted in response to a primary beam generated external to the accelerating region. The accelerating region may include a superconducting radio frequency (RF) cavity, and the gun may be operated in a continuous wave (CW) mode. The secondary emitter includes hydrogenated diamond. A uniform electrically conductive layer is superposed on the emitter to replenish the extracted current, preventing charging of the emitter. An encapsulated secondary emission enhanced cathode device, useful in a superconducting RF cavity, includes a housing for maintaining vacuum, a cathode, e.g.

Abstract: An electron gun for generating an electron beam is provided, which includes a secondary emitter. The secondary emitter includes a non-contaminating negative-electron-affinity (NEA) material and emitting surface. The gun includes an accelerating region which accelerates the secondaries from the emitting surface. The secondaries are emitted in response to a primary beam generated external to the accelerating region. The accelerating region may include a superconducting radio frequency (RF) cavity, and the gun may be operated in a continuous wave (CW) mode. The secondary emitter includes hydrogenated diamond. A uniform electrically conductive layer is superposed on the emitter to replenish the extracted current, preventing charging of the emitter. An encapsulated secondary emission enhanced cathode device, useful in a superconducting RF cavity, includes a housing for maintaining vacuum, a cathode, e.g.

Abstract: A system and method for processing partially unstructured data relating to a financial security. The system and method resolve first- and second-identifying data from the partially unstructured data and determine whether a security is defined by the first-identifying data and the second-identifying data. Additionally, the system and method resolve trade information relating to the security identifier from the partially unstructured data. If a security is defined by the resolved identifying data, a security identifier representing the defined security, along with the trade information relating to the defined security, are output.

Abstract: A single sign-on authentication system includes an authentication component that determines whether a user is authenticated, and, if it is determined that the user is authenticated, generates a connection request, the connection request including an identifier and entitlement information. The system also includes an interface component that receives the connection request from the authentication component. The interface component compares the received identifier with an expected identifier. If they match, the interface component makes the entitlement information available to a server associated with the interface component. A method for enabling an authenticated user to connect to a server in a computer network includes receiving a connection request for an authenticated user, the connection request including an identifier and entitlement information; comparing the received identifier with an expected identifier; and, if they match, making the entitlement information available to the server.

Abstract: Systems and methods for permitting consumers to send messages to a trusted agent or agents, causing the trusted agent or agents to decipher the messages and send the messages to the appropriate provider(s,) causing the trusted agent or agents to receive a responsive informational or transactional message from the provider(s) and causes the trusted agent or agents to route the provider's messages to the consumer or otherwise communicating to the consumer as a result of or relative to the provider. The system functions independently and automatically, such that new offerings of goods and/or services can be searched for and located by, or otherwise brought to the attention of, the trusted agent and conveyed to the consumer, all based on profile data provided by the consumer to the trusted agent or agents and transactional data gathered by the trusted agent about potential goods, services or information filling the needs of the consumer.

Abstract: The present invention is for a method of preparing a surface of niobium. The preparation method includes polishing, cleaning, baking and irradiating the niobium surface whereby the resulting niobium surface has a high quantum efficiency.

Abstract: A photon generator includes an electron gun for emitting an electron beam, a laser for emitting a laser beam, and an interaction ring wherein the laser beam repetitively collides with the electron beam for emitting a high energy photon beam therefrom in the exemplary form of x-rays. The interaction ring is a closed loop, sized and configured for circulating the electron beam with a period substantially equal to the period of the laser beam pulses for effecting repetitive collisions.

Abstract: The present invention is for a method of preparing a surface of niobium. The preparation method includes polishing, cleaning, baking and irradiating the niobium surface whereby the resulting niobium surface has a high quantum efficiency.

Abstract: A method and structure are provided for automating the collection of information from a customer and providing a specification of a transaction system to fullfil the customer's needs and desires. An ordering step is used in order to obtain information via a convenient user interface to determine the customer's intended use of the machine and the performance desired. As a result of this ordering process, the system hardware configuration is determined automatically. During the implementation process, the system is used to assemble a package of software, to run the hardware thus configured and implement the chosen user functions. If desired, this information is stored for later use in the event the user wishes to modify the configuration of his system, or to order additional system configurations different than that of the initial system.