Abstract: A battery module can include multiple battery cells, multiple cell tubes, and a first plate. The multiple cell tubes can accommodate the multiple battery cells within the plurality of cell tubes so that individual of the plurality of battery cells are positioned within individual of the plurality of cell tubes. Each battery cell can have a first electric pole and a second electric pole. The first plate can include a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board can include a first conductive layer and an isolating layer. The isolating layer can include at least one blind hole for wire-bonding the conductive layer to one of the battery cells.

Abstract: A power supply system can include an electrical power source and a power converter connectable to a load. The electrical power source can provide a first DC voltage with a first potential difference (VH) between a first DC potential output and a second DC potential output, and a third DC potential output having a potential between the potential at the first DC potential output and the potential at the second DC potential output. The power converter can provide a second voltage with a second potential difference (VL) between a first potential output (V+) and a second potential output (V-). The second potential difference (VL) can be less than the first potential difference (VH). The power converter can electrically isolate the first DC voltage from the second voltage, and the second potential output (V-) can be connected to the third DC potential output using a first connection including an impedance.

Abstract: A battery module can include multiple battery cells, multiple cell tubes, and a first plate. The multiple cell tubes can accommodate the multiple battery cells within the plurality of cell tubes so that individual of the plurality of battery cells are positioned within individual of the plurality of cell tubes. Each battery cell can have a first electric pole and a second electric pole. The first plate can include a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board can include a first conductive layer and an isolating layer. The isolating layer can include at least one blind hole for wire-bonding the conductive layer to one of the battery cells.

Abstract: A battery module can include multiple cell tubes and a conductive plate. The multiple cell tubes can accommodate multiple battery cells within the multiple cell tubes so that individual of the multiple battery cells are positioned within individual of the multiple cell tubes. The conductive plate can include a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board can include a first conductive layer and an isolating layer. The isolating layer can include a blind hole through which a wire bonding extends. The wire bonding can be electrically connected to the first conductive layer.

Abstract: A battery module can include multiple cell tubes and a conductive plate. The multiple cell tubes can accommodate multiple battery cells within the multiple cell tubes so that individual of the multiple battery cells are positioned within individual of the multiple cell tubes. The conductive plate can include a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board can include a first conductive layer and an isolating layer. The isolating layer can include a blind hole through which a wire bonding extends. The wire bonding can be electrically connected to the first conductive layer.

Abstract: A battery module can include multiple cell tubes and a conductive plate. The multiple cell tubes can accommodate multiple battery cells within the multiple cell tubes so that individual of the multiple battery cells are positioned within individual of the multiple cell tubes. The conductive plate can include a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board can include a first conductive layer and an isolating layer. The isolating layer can include a blind hole through which a wire bonding extends. The wire bonding can be electrically connected to the first conductive layer.

Abstract: A battery module can include multiple cell tubes and a conductive plate. The multiple cell tubes can accommodate multiple battery cells within the multiple cell tubes so that individual of the multiple battery cells are positioned within individual of the multiple cell tubes. The conductive plate can include a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board can include a first conductive layer and an isolating layer. The isolating layer can include a blind hole through which a wire bonding extends. The wire bonding can be electrically connected to the first conductive layer.