Abstract: To monitor storm activity in real time, ELF signals generated in an Earth-ionosphere resonator are received via two active magnetic induction antennas, recorded, and sent to an electronic data processing unit for spectral analysis. The resulting power spectra are matched with resonance curves to parametrize the power spectra by a set of observation parameters that are based on ELF field resonance propagation models in the Earth-ionosphere resonator and that depend on distance and intensity of electrical spark discharges of storm cells. The observation parameters are compared with base parameters of a model parameter database. The base parameters that best approximate the observation parameters are used for developing a map of location and intensity of the electrical spark discharges.

Abstract: The method comprises recording ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) electromagnetic field signals created by electrical spark discharges and induced in the Earth-ionosphere resonator that are subjected to spectral analysis based on ELF field resonance propagation models in the Earth-ionosphere cavity thanks to whose features, distance and intensity dependencies of electrical spark discharges are separated and then compared with database model parameters. Model data selected as the best approximation enables to reconstruction of the location and intensity of electrical spark discharges. The apparatus, which allows reconstruction of the location and intensity of electrical spark discharges, is equipped with two inductive, magnetic antennas (Ax, Ay) perpendicular to each other and situated along NS and. NW directions and placed on the ground surface or close under it. The antennas (Ax, Ay) are connected by screened wires with a block recording observation signals.