Abstract: The crankshaft is stopped part way through the upstroke by a rotary start stop mechanism. As the piston nears the end of the compression stroke, vertical ridges on the piston, in conjunction with mating vertical ridges in the cylinder head, effectively partition the combustion chamber into multiple combustion chambers. In a spark ignition engine, this allows the compression ratio of a smaller cylinder. For HCCI (homogenoous charge compression ignition) operation, the partitions can be ignited at varying times, somewhat averaging the pressure rise. Expansion proceeds to BDC, providing overexpansion. The exhaust valve(s) open prior to BDC. The upstroke continues to the crankshaft stopping angle. Purge is by poppet valves with the inlet valves generating a swirl about the cylinder axis. Power is varied by varying the frequency of cycles, not by reducing the power per cycle.

Abstract: As computers execute faster relative to memory, they require more memory bandwidth. Improved memory bandwidth can be achieved by having the compiler group contiguous memory requests. The contiguous words are called packs. The basic working premise of the subsettable pack cache is to load a pack into a subset of the cache, make the pack accessable to the processor indirectly through an auto-increment pointer, and to load anything else into the subset until the processor is finished with the pack. The auto-increment pointers are redirectable relative to the pack's begin point in the cache, a pack can begin anywhere within a block. Block parallel transfers between the top level subsettable cache and the next level down memory improve the cache bandwidth. Thrashing is reduced by using cache subsetting to separate cache uses. Cache like behavior within subsets is provided.