Abstract: A joint is provided which permits clad members to be welded together and later used in a corrosive environment without subsequent degradation of the base or cladding materials. The use of an intermediate metallic layer prevents the close proximity of galvanically incompatible materials in brackish or saline environments.

Abstract: A tube to composite tubesheet connection system for preventing fluid leakage from the shell to the tube side and from the tube side to the shell side of a shell and tube heat exchanger. Tubes are inserted through and fastened to an inner tubesheet structure. An outer tubesheet structure constituting a plurality of outer tubesheet covers cooperates with the tubes which protrude therethrough and with the inner tubesheet to form a plurality of cavities. The inter-tubesheet cavities about each row or column of tubes are interconnected in a variety of ways. Grooving at least one of the tubesheet structures about its tube holes provides groove-cavities which may be selectively interconnected by networks of holes formed in at least one of the tubesheet structures.

Abstract: A locking bar having feet which engage staggered finned-tubes of a heat exchanger to fix their positions in a support assembly formed from a plurality of support bars having interlocking arms.