Abstract: Images are reconstructed from undersampled k-space data using a residual machine learning algorithm (e.g., a ResNet architecture) to estimate missing k-space lines from acquired k-space data with improved noise resilience. Using a residual machine learning algorithm provides for combining the advantages of both linear and nonlinear k-space reconstructions. The linear residual connection can implement a convolution that estimates most of the energy in k-space, and the multi-layer machine learning algorithm can be implemented with nonlinear activation functions to estimate imperfections, such as noise amplification due to coil geometry, that arise from the linear component.

Abstract: Methods for reconstructing images from undersampled k-space data using a machine learning approach to learn non-linear mapping functions from acquired k-space lines to generate unacquired target points across multiple coils are described.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for creating magnetic resonance (MR) images with reduced motion artifacts from the MR data from which the images are produced. The method includes selecting a candidate image from a plurality of candidate images reconstructed from the MR data. The method also includes registering the candidate image to a reference image, comparing the candidate image to a consistency map, and, based on comparing the candidate image using the consistency map, selecting a blending algorithm. The method also includes generating a blended image using the blending algorithm and the candidate image and repeating these steps for each candidate image. The method also includes performing a Fourier aggregation to generate a combined image and displaying the combined image with reduced motion artifacts compared to the plurality of candidate images.

Abstract: Systems and methods for deep tissue visualization using ultrasound and stereo imaging are provided. Various aspects of the present disclosure provide intraoperative identification of sub-tissue surface critical structures (e.g., identification of ureters, nerves, and/or vessels). For example, various surgical visualization systems disclosed herein can enable the visualization of one or more portions of critical structures below the surface of the tissue in an anatomical field in real-time. Such surgical visualization systems can augment the clinician's endoscopic view of an anatomical field with a virtual, real-time depiction of the critical structure as a visible image overlay on the surface of visible tissue in the field of view of the clinician.

Abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) data are corrected from corruptions due to physiological changes using a self-navigated phase correction technique. Unlike motion correction techniques, the effects of physiological changes (e.g., breathing and respiration) are corrected by making the MRI data self-consistent relative to an absolute uncorrupted phase reference. This phase correction information can be extracted from the acquisition itself, thereby eliminating the need for a separate navigator scan, and establishing an accelerated acquisition. This absolute reference can be computed in a data segmented space, and the subsequent data can be corrected relative to this absolute reference with low-resolution phases.

Abstract: In an example, an electrosurgical generator includes a power converter configured to convert a supply power received from a power source to an output power. The output power is suitable for delivering electrosurgical energy. The electrosurgical generator also includes a current sensor configured to sense a current of the output power and generate a logarithmic and analog representation of the current, and a voltage sensor configured to sense a voltage of the output power and generate a logarithmic and analog representation of the voltage.

Abstract: The invention comprises a cannula assembly kit for a trocar suitable for use in minimally invasive surgery. The cannula assembly kit comprises a cannula and a pattern generating member. The cannula has a distal end and a proximal end and comprises a flange portion at its proximal end and an elongate cannula shaft portion extending from said flange portion to its distal end and an access port through the flange portion and the elongate cannula shaft portion, such that a surgical tool of a surgical instrument can be inserted through the access port. The pattern generating member comprises a pattern light source and a projector arranged such that the pattern light source is operatively connected to the projector for projecting a light pattern. At least the projector of the pattern generating member is configured for being at least temporarily fixed to the cannula shaft portion of the cannula.

Abstract: A patient bearing system and a robotic system are disclosed. The patient bearing system includes a patient bearing and at least one ultrasound transducer with an ultrasound head at least partly located in the patient bearing and being spatially located to transmit ultrasound signals to a target space. The ultrasound head is at least partly located in the patient bearing. The robotic system includes a patient bearing system and a robot configured for at least partly operate the system and the computer system is programmed for performing image acquisitions and analysis of a body part at least partly located in target space.

Abstract: A fully sampled calibration data set, which may be Cartesian k-space data, is used to obtain targeted and optimal interpolation kernels for non-regularly sampled data. The calibration data are self-calibration data obtained from a time-averaged image, or re-sampled data. ACS data are resampled for calibration of region-specific kernels. Subsequently, an explicit noise-based regularized solution can be utilized to estimate region-specific kernels for reconstruction.

Abstract: A depiction system for generating a real time correlated depiction of movements of a surgical tool for uses in minimally invasive surgery is described. In an embodiment the system includes a computer system, 3D surface data generation means and position data generation means for obtaining real time spatial position data of at least a part of the surgical tool. The 3D surface data generation means or the position data generation is adapted for providing surface position data of at least the target area. The computer system is programmed for determining depiction data representing a depiction of the real time relative spatial position(s) of the surgical tool onto at least a portion of the surface contour of the surface section of the minimally invasive surgery cavity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a correlated set for minimal invasive surgery comprising a surgical instrument and a pattern generating member, a surgical system, a training kit, a method of training and a meth of performing a minimal invasive surgery. The surgical instrument comprises a handle portion, a surgical tool and a body portion connecting the handle portion to the surgical tool. The pattern generating member comprises a pattern light source and a projector for projecting a light pattern. The projector is adapted for being at least temporarily fixed to the body portion of the surgical instrument such that a movement of said surgical tool results in a correlated movement of said projector.

Abstract: A minimally invasive surgery system including a robot, a cannula assembly and a computer system. The robot has at least one movable robot arm and the cannula assembly is detachably mounted to the robot arm. The cannula assembly includes a cannula and a pattern generating member. The cannula has a distal end and a proximal end with a flange portion and an elongate cannula shaft portion extending from the proximal end to the distal end and an access port through the elongate cannula shaft portion. The pattern generating member includes a pattern light source and a projector temporarily or permanently fixed to the cannula shaft portion. The pattern light source is operatively connected to the projector for projecting a light pattern. The computer system is configured for in real time receiving image data representing light pattern reflections from a surgical surface and for determining a real-time spatial position of the cannula assembly relative to the surgical surface.

Abstract: A depiction system for generating a real time correlated depiction of movements of a surgical tool for uses in minimally invasive surgery is described. In an embodiment the system includes a computer system, 3D surface data generation means and position data generation means for obtaining real time spatial position data of at least a part of the surgical tool. The 3D surface data generation means or the position data generation is adapted for providing surface position data of at least the target area. The computer system is programmed for determining depiction data representing a depiction of the real time relative spatial position(s) of the surgical tool onto at least a portion of the surface contour of the surface section of the minimally invasive surgery cavity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a correlated set for minimal invasive surgery comprising a surgical instrument and a pattern generating member, a surgical system, a training kit, a method of training and a meth of performing a minimal invasive surgery. The surgical instrument comprises a handle portion, a surgical tool and a body portion connecting the handle portion to the surgical tool. The pattern generating member comprises a pattern light source and a projector for projecting a light pattern. The projector is adapted for being at least temporarily fixed to the body portion of the surgical instrument such that a movement of said surgical tool results in a correlated movement of said projector.

Abstract: A minimally invasive surgery system including a robot, a cannula assembly and a computer system. The robot has at least one movable robot arm and the cannula assembly is detachably mounted to the robot arm. The cannula assembly includes a cannula and a pattern generating member. The cannula has a distal end and a proximal end with a flange portion and an elongate cannula shaft portion extending from the proximal end to the distal end and an access port through the elongate cannula shaft portion. The pattern generating member includes a pattern light source and a projector temporarily or permanently fixed to the cannula shaft portion. The pattern light source is operatively connected to the projector for projecting a light pattern. The computer system is configured for in real time receiving image data representing light pattern reflections from a surgical surface and for determining a real-time spatial position of the cannula assembly relative to the surgical surface.

Abstract: Described here are systems and methods for volumetric excitation in magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) using frequency modulated radio frequency (“RF”) pulses. In general, quadratic phase modulation along the slice encoding direction is implemented for additional spatiotemporal encoding, which better distributes signal content in the slice direction and enables higher acceleration rates that are robust to slice-undersampling.

Abstract: Methods for fast magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) using a combination of outer volume suppression (“OVS”) and accelerated imaging, which may include simultaneous multislice (“SMS”) imaging, data acquisitions amenable to compressed sensing reconstructions, or combinations thereof. The methods described here do not introduce fold-over artifacts that are otherwise common to reduced field-of-view (“FOV”) techniques.

Abstract: Methods for reconstructing images from undersampled k-space data using a machine learning approach to learn non-linear mapping functions from acquired k-space lines to generate unacquired target points across multiple coils are described.

Abstract: Images are reconstructed from undersampled k-space data using a residual machine learning algorithm (e.g., a ResNet architecture) to estimate missing k-space lines from acquired k-space data with improved noise resilience. Using a residual machine learning algorithm provides for combining the advantages of both linear and nonlinear k-space reconstructions. The linear residual connection can implement a convolution that estimates most of the energy in k-space, and the multi-layer machine learning algorithm can be implemented with nonlinear activation functions to estimate imperfections, such as noise amplification due to coil geometry, that arise from the linear component.

Abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) data are corrected from corruptions due to physiological changes using a self-navigated phase correction technique. Unlike motion correction techniques, the effects of physiological changes (e.g., breathing and respiration) are corrected by making the MRI data self-consistent relative to an absolute uncorrupted phase reference. This phase correction information can be extracted from the acquisition itself, thereby eliminating the need for a separate navigator scan, and establishing an accelerated acquisition. This absolute reference can be computed in a data segmented space, and the subsequent data can be corrected relative to this absolute reference with low-resolution phases.