Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp may include a ceramic discharge vessel and a longitudinal axis, wherein at least one electrode is led out of the discharge vessel by means of a metal-containing feed-through, wherein the feed-through is connected to one end of the discharge vessel by way of a ceramic-containing adjustment part, wherein the adjustment part is tubular and consists of individual layers with different compositions, at least two materials A and B forming a plurality of layers of the adjustment part, these materials being chosen such that their coefficient of thermal expansion is between that of the feed-through and that of the end of the discharge vessel or at most is just outside, the layer thickness of each layer being so low that no shearing forces can occur, and the layer thickness of each layer of the same material being different.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp may include a ceramic discharge vessel and a longitudinal axis, with electrodes respectively being led out from the discharge vessel by means of a feed-through via capillaries, wherein a tubular cermet part, which consists of individual layers of different composition layered axially in succession, is fitted on the capillary, each layer containing Mo and Al2O3, the proportion of Mo in the first layer facing toward the capillary being from 3 to 15 vol. % and in the last layer being from 85 to 97 vol. %, and a molybdenum cover cap, the cover cap being welded to the feed-through and the cover cap being connected to the cermet part by means of solder containing metal, and the connection between the capillary and the cermet part being established by means of high-melting glass solder or sinter-active Al2O3 powder.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp may include a ceramic discharge vessel and a longitudinal axis, wherein at least one electrode is led out of the discharge vessel by means of a metal-containing feed-through, wherein the feed-through is connected to one end of the discharge vessel by way of a ceramic-containing adjustment part, wherein the adjustment part is tubular and consists of individual layers with different compositions, at least two materials A and B forming a plurality of layers of the adjustment part, these materials being chosen such that their coefficient of thermal expansion is between that of the feed-through and that of the end of the discharge vessel or at most is just outside, the layer thickness of each layer being so low that no shearing forces can occur, and the layer thickness of each layer of the same material being different.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a discharge vessel for a high-pressure discharge lamp may include a plurality of parts from ceramic material, wherein the discharge vessel is made of at least two stacked layers.

Abstract: Laminates, which are used for cooling the discharge vessel, are fitted to the seals of the ceramic discharge vessel. They are an integral part of the seal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal halide lamp comprising a ceramic discharge vessel (10), characterized in that an MoV leadthrough is connected to a PCA element (Al2O3) by means of a specific adhesive layer containing Al and Mo.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp may include a ceramic discharge vessel and a longitudinal axis, with electrodes respectively being led out from the discharge vessel by means of a feed-through via capillaries, wherein a tubular cermet part, which consists of individual layers of different composition layered axially in succession, is fitted on the capillary, each layer containing Mo and Al2O3, the proportion of Mo in the first layer facing toward the capillary being from 3 to 15 vol. % and in the last layer being from 85 to 97 vol. %, and a molybdenum cover cap, the cover cap being welded to the feed-through and the cover cap being connected to the cermet part by means of solder containing metal, and the connection between the capillary and the cermet part being established by means of high-melting glass solder or sinter-active Al2O3 powder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp, having a ceramic discharge vessel comprising a capillary (5) on the end. An electrode system is incorporated into the capillary, said electrode system having a three-part bushing (6). The bushing comprises a first, front-end part (15) in the shape of a pin, a center part comprising a core pin (16) and a Mo-winding (17), and an outer part that is a niobium pin (18). Each of the three parts has a different gap width.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal halide lamp comprising a ceramic discharge vessel (21), characterized in that a molybdenum leadthrough (11) is connected to a cermet stopper (15) via an intermetal interface gradient (20).

Abstract: The metal halide lamp has a ceramic discharge vessel and contains two groups of metal halides: a first group made up of the emitters and a second group made up of the wetters. The second group comprises at least one of the metal halides of Mg or Yb.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp with ceramic discharge vessel (4), the discharge vessel having two ends (6) that are sealed with ceramic stoppers that in each case contain an elongated capillary tube (12), termed stopper capillary below, of inside diameter K, and wherein an electrically conducting lead-through (9, 10), which comprises an inner part (14) and an outer part (13) with reference to the discharge, is guided through this stopper capillary (12) and is sealed outside with glass solder (18), there being fastened on the lead-through an electrode (16) with a stem (15) that projects into the interior of the discharge vessel, the outside diameter S of the inner part being coordinated with the inside diameter K, the inner part (14) being a composite component that comprises a core pin (18) of diameter D onto which there is mounted as a double ply a coil with an effective diameter d of the core wire, the following relationships being fulfilled:

Abstract: To close off tubular ends (6a, 6b) of a metal-halide discharge vessel, a plug (11) having at least four, and preferably six or more, axially arranged layers or strata (11a-11d; 21a-21f) of a cermet, in which the metal content of the cermet of the respective layers or strata increases from the layer or stratum closest to the discharge space of the vessel to the outside. The innermost layer or stratum is directly sintered to the ceramic discharge vessel, typically of aluminum oxide, whereas the outermost layer or stratum has a metal content of such an extent that it can be welded, and is welded, to a metallic or cermet lead-through or feed-through (9, 20, 30, 35) leading through a central opening in the respective layers or strata of the plug. The outermost layer of the plug, preferably, has at least 50%, by volume, of metal, preferably of the same material as that of the lead-through in the cermet, and may even be made entirely of metal, to ensure a tight, easily made weld connection.

Abstract: The discharge vessel has two ends (6), which are closed off by ceramic pl which each contain an elongate capillary tube (12), an electrically conductive lead-through (9, 10) comprising two parts (13, 14) being guided in a vacuum-tight manner through this plug capillary tube (12). The inner part (14) is a pin made of a halide-resistant metal (tungsten), the diameter of which is at most 0.4 mm and which is surrounded by a tubular casing (20, 21) made of ceramic material which consists of a concentric aluminum oxide tube (sleeve), the outer part (13), over its entire length, and the inner part (14), at least over a length of 1 mm from the beginning of the sleeve (20, 21), being sealed off by means of soldering glass (18).

Abstract: This invention involves a new type of feedthrough-plug member for metal halide HID lamp using PCA envelopes. The construction of the lamp housing consists of a PCA envelope and specially designed radially graded alumina-metal cermet multi-layers to eliminate cracking in cermet or PCA due to thermal stresses arising from thermal expansion mismatch. The fills are metal halides such as Na-Sc-I, rare earth halides, Hg, Sn, and inert gases. The PCA vessel and directly sealed cermetfeedthrough assemblies allow the metal halide lamps to operate at high wall temperatures with better lumen output, color temperature, and CRI.

Abstract: This invention involves a new type of feedthrough-plug member for metal halide HID lamp using PCA envelopes. The construction of the lamp housing consists of a PCA envelope and specially designed axially graded alumina-metal cermet multi-layers to eliminate cracking in cermet or PCA due to thermal stresses arising from thermal expansion mismatch. The fills are metal halides such as Na--Sc--I, rare earth halides, Hg, Sn, and inert gases. The PCA vessel and directly sealed cermet-feedthrough assemblies allow the metal halide lamps to operate at high wall temperatures with better lumen output, color temperature, and CRI.

Abstract: A ceramic discharge vessel (8) for a high-pressure discharge lamp has a pin-like feedthrough (10) inserted in a plug (11) made from a composite material. The feedthrough (10) has been sintered directly into the plug (11) and is additionally sealed by covering the area, surrounding the feedthrough, of the plug's surface facing away from the discharge volume with a ceramic sealing material (7a).

Abstract: To provide a tight seal for a fill bore in the wall or an end plug of a dharge vessel for high-pressure discharge lamps, a fill bore is provided either through the wall--in the region of the plug--or through a plug, and the fill bore is then closed by a stopper in combination with a melt sealing material, which is so chosen that the sealing material and plug-like member combination provide a minimum of sealing material exposed to the fill in the discharge volume. The fill in the discharge volume of the discharge vessel is ionizable and, for example containing halides, is highly corrosive to the sealing material. The lamp can be made by inserting a stopper into the filling bore, applying, with the stopper in place in the filling bore, sealing material to the outer end of the filling bore, and heating the portion of the discharge vessel to liquefying temperature of the sealing material to liquefy the sealing material and hence close off the fill bore.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp having an extended life includes a discharge vessel 8, and a feedthrough 10 extending through a plug 11. A directly sintered connection is formed between the feedthrough 10 and the plug 11 wherein sealing material 7 is provided covering the area surrounding the feedthrough on the outer surface of the plug 11. The plug 11 is formed of a composite material whose thermal expansion coefficient lies between that of the ceramic vessel and of the metal feedthrough.

Abstract: A vacuum-tight seal, particularly for an arc tube or discharge vessel for a metal halide or sodium high-pressure discharge lamp, is made by forming the arc tube of transparent ceramic, typically Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, having two open ends, into which connecting plugs (3), with central openings, are sealed. Open metal tubes (4) fitting into the openings of the plugs (3) are then vacuum-tightly sintered therein. An electrode system (5, 10, 10'), forming a subassembly with a current supply lead or lead-through (6, 11, 14, 15, 20, 24) is provided, having an outer diameter fitting into the metal tube.

Abstract: To provide an effective seal for a metal-halide discharge lamp having a ceramic discharge vessel (4), the seal is formed in multiple parts, in which a first part, adjacent the interior or discharge side of the vessel, includes a melt component (14a) which is highly resistant to attack by metal halides within the fill of the lamp. It may contain only 0-12%, by weight, of SiO.sub.2 and has a high melting point, in the order of between 1500.degree.-1700.degree. C. The melt-in region remote from the discharge side is melt-sealed by a vitreous composition (14b), devoid of pores, voids, bubbles, fissures or cracks, to form an effective, vacuum-tight seal, and protected from attack by the metal halides by the mechanically less stable seal in the first zone. The second composition has a much lower melting point, for example in the order of between 1200.degree.-1400.degree. C., and has 20-40% SiO.sub.2.