Abstract: The invention relates to a light-emitting diode arrangement having the following: a preferably heat-conductive substrate (2); a printed circuit board (5) which is arranged on the substrate (2), a recess (9) being provided in the printed circuit board (5); and at least one light-emitting diode chip (3) which is arranged on the substrate (2) and in the recess (9), said recess (9) being at least partly filled with at least one matrix material which preferably has a color-converting material (8).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat sink (1), which is in thermal connection with at least one electronic component (4). The heat sink (1) has at least one chamber (2), which has at least one wall with at least one porous element (3a). Pressure producing means (7) are connected to the chamber (2), in order to cyclically modulate the air pressure P1 in the chamber (2). Thus, a “breathing” of air through the at least one porous element (3a) can be achieved and a cooling effect is obtained. Additionally, holes (8) can be provided to the chamber (2), which produce cyclic air jets (9) due to the fluctuating chamber air pressure P1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light-emitting diode arrangement having the following: a preferably heat-conductive substrate (2); a printed circuit board (5) which is arranged on the substrate (2), a recess (9) being provided in the printed circuit board (5); and at least one light-emitting diode chip (3) which is arranged on the substrate (2) and in the recess (9), said recess (9) being at least partly filled with at least one matrix material which preferably has a color-converting material (8).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat sink (1), which is in thermal connection with at least one electronic component (4). The heat sink (1) has at least one chamber (2), which has at least one wall with at least one porous element (3a). Pressure producing means (7) are connected to the chamber (2), in order to cyclically modulate the air pressure P1 in the chamber (2). Thus, a “breathing” of air through the at least one porous element (3a) can be achieved and a cooling effect is obtained. Additionally, holes (8) can be provided to the chamber (2), which produce cyclic air jets (9) due to the fluctuating chamber air pressure P1.

Abstract: A communication system, network node, and communication port architecture are provided for transporting data across a ring network. If a network node detects a signal failure, the communication port of the network node configures itself as timing master and communicates a shutdown command to the other network nodes. In addition, the communication port sets an internal flag signaling this “signal off” event. All other network nodes, which receive the shutdown flag, do not set this internal status, and instead, save a status of “no fault saved.” Accordingly, it can be easily determined where the loss of signal occurred.

Abstract: A communication system, network node, and communication port architecture are provided for transporting data across a ring network. If a network node detects a signal failure, the communication port of the network node configures itself as timing master and communicates a shutdown command to the other network nodes. In addition, the communication port sets an internal flag signaling this “signal off” event. All other network nodes, which receive the shutdown flag, do not set this internal status, and instead, save a status of “no fault saved.” Accordingly, it can be easily determined where the loss of signal occurred.