Abstract: A cooling ring for cooling a film tube (14) in a film blowing installation, includes a cooling gas inlet (18), a distribution system (20) for distributing the cooling gas over the circumference of the film tube (14), a supply gap (28) for guiding the cooling gas in a radial direction towards the film tube, a cooling gas outlet forming an annular gap (34) that surrounds the film tube and is tilted at a tilt angle relative to the radial direction, a flexible adjusting ring (36; 36?) arranged circumferentially in the annular gap, and a collar of individually controllable adjusting elements (44; 44?) for local radial deformation of the adjusting ring, the adjusting ring arranged in engagement with a wall (32; 38?) of the annular gap and forming a limiting wall (42) for the cooling gas flow exiting from the annular gap, the wall extending continuously in circumferential direction.

Abstract: The method of filling a weighing container (10) for plastics granulate (12), wherein the granulate is dropped from a supply tube (26) into the weighing container (10) via a shutter (22), wherein the weighing container (10) is closed-off on the top side by a wall having a conical part (16) that reaches directly up the shutter (22), and in that the weighing container is filled with granulate up to the level of the shutter (22).

Abstract: A granule-dosing system for plastics processing machines including a weighing container removably retained in an operating position on a framework; a plurality of supply containers having outlets which are connected to an inlet of the weighing container via dosing mechanisms; a mixer with an inlet which is connected to an outlet of the weighing container; and a safety switch and a control device designed to switch off the dosing mechanisms and/or the mixer when the safety switch emits a switch-off signal, wherein the weighing container is configured such that, in the operating position, it blocks access to the dosing mechanisms and/or to the inlet of the mixer, and the safety switch is arranged on the framework such that it emits the switch-off signal when the weighing container is removed from the operating position.

Abstract: The method of filling a weighing container (10) for plastics granulate (12), wherein the granulate is dropped from a supply tube (26) into the weighing container (10) via a shutter (22), wherein the weighing container (10) is closed-off on the top side by a wall having a conical part (16) that reaches directly up the shutter (22), and in that the weighing container is filled with granulate up to the level of the shutter (22).

Abstract: A granule-dosing system for plastics processing machines including a weighing container removably retained in an operating position on a framework; a plurality of supply containers having outlets which are connected to an inlet of the weighing container via dosing mechanisms; a mixer with an inlet which is connected to an outlet of the weighing container; and a safety switch and a control device designed to switch off the dosing mechanisms and/or the mixer when the safety switch emits a switch-off signal, wherein the weighing container is configured such that, in the operating position, it blocks access to the dosing mechanisms and/or to the inlet of the mixer, and the safety switch is arranged on the framework such that it emits the switch-off signal when the weighing container is removed from the operating position.

Abstract: A sensor head for measurement of a film, includes a guide surface (14) for the film, at least one sensor element (28, 30) integrated in the guide surface for measuring a property of the film, and a generator for generating an air cushion between the guide surface (14) and the film, the generator including a system for supplying a pressure medium, and a guide member (12) that is made of a porous material and forms at least a part of the guide surface (14) and is adapted to distributedly discharge the pressure medium into the air cushion, the guide member (12) having a channel system (16, 18) that divides the guide surface (14) into a plurality of fields (20, 22) that, if not disconnected, are connected only by narrow lands, the channel system being configured for draining the pressure medium from the air cushion.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring film bubbles (10), includes a guide track (22) that extends in a circumferential direction of the film bubble with a constant spacing relative to the latter, the guide track guiding a carriage (20) which carries a measuring head (12) facing the peripheral surface of the film bubble (10), the measuring head (12) is connected to a free end of a cantilever (18) via an articulated joint (16), the cantilever having another end pivotally connected to the carriage (20), and a compensating drive mechanism (30) for correcting a change in the orientation of the measuring head (12) resulting from a pivotal movement of the cantilever (18) is associated with the articulated joint (16).

Abstract: Apparatus for dosed mixing of pourable material components, includes a mixing container, two weighing containers, each of the weighing containers including a closable discharge opening for discharging the weighing container into the mixing container; and a weighing device for weighing the content of the weighing container, and several storage containers for respective material components, each storage container including a feeding device for feeding material from the storage container to an assigned weighing container, and the mixing container is arranged below the weighing containers such that the weighing containers are simultaneously dischargeable through the discharge openings into the mixing container.

Abstract: A method for contactless capacitive thickness measurement of a flat material (10) that is placed in the fringe field (32) of a capacitor (C1,C2), with simultaneous measurement of the width L of an air gap (16) between the flat material and the capacitor plates, in which the capacities gL, kL of two capacitors (C1, C2) are measured whose fringe fields (32) decay at different rates towards the flat material (10), and in that both, the thickness D of the flat material (10) and the width L of the air gap (16) are determined on the basis of the condition that, for each capacitor (C1, C2), the measured capacity gL, kL is equal to the integral of the capacity gradient g?, k? over the thickness of the flat material (10).

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring film bubbles (10), includes a guide track (22) that extends in a circumferential direction of the film bubble with a constant spacing relative to the latter, the guide track guiding a carriage (20) which carries a measuring head (12) facing the peripheral surface of the film bubble (10), the measuring head (12) is connected to a free end of a cantilever (18) via an articulated joint (16), the cantilever having another end pivotally connected to the carriage (20), and a compensating drive mechanism (30) for correcting a change in the orientation of the measuring head (12) resulting from a pivotal movement of the cantilever (18) is associated with the articulated joint (16).

Abstract: A sensor head for measurement of a film, includes a guide surface (14) for the film, at least one sensor element (28, 30) integrated in the guide surface for measuring a property of the film, and a generator for generating an air cushion between the guide surface (14) and the film, the generator including a system for supplying a pressure medium, and a guide member (12) that is made of a porous material and forms at least a part of the guide surface (14) and is adapted to distributedly discharge the pressure medium into the air cushion, the guide member (12) having a channel system (16, 18) that divides the guide surface (14) into a plurality of fields (20, 22) that, if not disconnected, are connected only by narrow lands, the channel system being configured for draining the pressure medium from the air cushion.

Abstract: A method for contactless capacitive thickness measurement of a flat material (10) that is placed in the fringe field (32) of a capacitor (C1, C2), with simultaneous measurement of the width L of an air gap (16) between the flat material and the capacitor plates, in which the capacities gL, kL of two capacitors (C1, C2) are measured whose fringe fields (32) decay at different rates towards the flat material (10), and in that both, the thickness D of the flat material (10) and the width L of the air gap (16) are determined on the basis of the condition that, for each capacitor (C1, C2), the measured capacity gL, kL is equal to the integral of the capacity gradient g?, k? over the thickness of the flat material (10).

Abstract: Apparatus for dosed mixing of pourable material components, includes a mixing container, two weighing containers, each of the weighing containers including a closable discharge opening for discharging the weighing container into the mixing container; and a weighing device for weighing the content of the weighing container, and several storage containers for respective material components, each storage container including a feeding device for feeding material from the storage container to an assigned weighing container, wherein and the mixing container is arranged below the weighing containers such that the weighing containers are simultaneously dischargeable through the discharge openings into the mixing container.

Abstract: A method of measuring the thickness profile of a film produced in a blow film line having a rotatable pull-off rig in which a flattened film tube is scanned by performing individual measurements at measurement positions distributed over the width over the film tube and, in each individual measurement, the total thickness of two segments of the film tube is measured that are superposed at the measurement position, the thickness profile is calculated from the measured values obtained for a number individual measurements that is larger than the number of measurement positions, the improvement including the steps of training a neural network with measured values for the total thicknesses, which measured values have been obtained in simulated or real measurement processes with known thickness profiles and supplying the measured results obtained by scanning the film tube to the neural network for calculating the thickness profile.

Abstract: Method for measuring thicknesses of a film, a foil or a material layer with a measuring head which is spaced away from the film and with which a capacitive thickness measurement is performed, in which an optical distance measurement is performed with a distance measuring device and a distance determined by the optical distance measurement is used in determining the film thickness in the capacitive thickness measurement.

Abstract: Method for measuring thicknesses of a film, a foil or a material layer with a measuring head which is spaced away from the film and with which a capacitive thickness measurement is performed, in which an optical distance measurement is performed with a distance measuring device and a distance determined by the optical distance measurement is used in determining the film thickness in the capacitive thickness measurement.

Abstract: A method for capacitively measuring the thickness of multi-layer films (10), the layers (32, 34) the dielectric constants of which differ at least at a particular temperature, wherein, in addition to the capacitive measurement, at least one further thickness measurement is carried out under different conditions, and wherein the thicknesses (d1, d2) of the individual layers is determined by comparing the measurement results and by means of the different dielectric constants.

Abstract: A sensor for the capacitive measurement of film thicknesses, with a drum (10), which rolls along the film (12) and has at least one measuring capacitor (C1-C4), the plates of which are disposed in the peripheral surface of the drum (10), so that its capacitance is effected by the thickness of the firm, and with a transformer (26), for transmitting the measurement signal from the rotating drum (10) to the stationary part (28), where an oscillator (OSZ1-OSZ4), which is integrated in the drum (10), generates a frequency signal (24), which depends on the capacitance of the measuring capacitor (C1-C4).

Abstract: A method for capacitively measuring the thickness of multi-layer films (10), the layers (32, 34) the dielectric constants of which differ at least at a particular temperature, wherein, in addition to the capacitive measurement, at least one further thickness measurement is carried out under different conditions, and wherein the thicknesses (d1, d2) of the individual layers is determined by comparing the measurement results and by means of the different dielectric constants.

Abstract: A sensor for the capacitive measurement of film thicknesses, with a drum (10), which rolls along the film (12) and has at least one measuring capacitor (C1-C4), the plates of which are disposed in the peripheral surface of the drum (10), so that its capacitance is effected by the thickness of the firm, and with a transformer (26), for transmitting the measurement signal from the rotating drum (10) to the stationary part (28), wherein an oscillator (OSZ1-OSZ4), which is integrated in the drum (10), generates a frequency signal (24), which depends on the capacitance of the measuring capacitor (C1-C4).