Abstract: A process to produce propanol and iso-propanol (bio-propanol), a biocomponent for gasoline relates to the conversion of bio-glycerin to bio-propanol and bio-iso-propanol. In particular, a process is related for the conversion of glycerin, in particular glycerin from renewable sources, to propanols, the process including the following steps: (a) hydrogenating a glycerin phase with a Co—Cu—Mn—Mo based hydrogenation catalyst to give an effluent containing water and an organic mixture of more than 40 wt % of a mixture of ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol and the rest being unreacted propanediols and glycerin, with traces of ethylene glycol; (b) separating by mainly distillation the ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol mixture from the other components in the effluent of step a); and (c) optionally, recycling all or part of the unreacted propandiols and glycerin deriving from steps a) and/or b) to the hydrogenation step a).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a molding comprising a zeolitic material and one or more oxidic binders, the process particularly comprising preparing a mixture of a zeolitic material, such as Mg-ZSM-5, a source of an oxidic binder, and a first plasticizer; admixing an acid to said mixture; and shaping of the mixture, to obtain a precursor of a molding; wherein in said mixture a specific weight ratio of the source of the oxidic binder to the sum of the zeolitic material and the source of the oxidic binder is applied. Further, the present invention relates to a molding obtainable or obtained by the inventive process, and to a molding itself displaying in particular a comparatively improved crush strength. Yet further, the present invention relates to a method for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins and to a use of the inventive molding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytically active composition for the selective methanation of carbon monoxide in reformate streams comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide, comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, nickel and cobalt as active component and rhenium as dopant on a support material. The catalyst according to the invention is preferably used for carrying out methanation reactions in a temperature range from 100 to 300° C. for use in the production of hydrogen for fuel cell applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process (10) for the production of propylene which comprises carrying out a process (1) for propane dehydrogenation to obtain a first component mixture (A), carrying out a further propylene production method (2) to obtain a second component mixture (B), and forming a separation product (P2) containing predominantly propane using one or more propane separation steps (S1), wherein at least part of the first component mixture (A) is supplied to the propane separation step or steps (S1). It is envisaged that the separation product (P2), which mainly contains propane, will at least partly be returned to the further propylene production method (2). A corresponding plant and a process for converting a steam cracking plant are also the subject of the invention.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process (10) for the production of propylene, which comprises carrying out a process (1) for propane dehydrogenation to obtain a first component mixture (A), carrying out a steam cracking process (2) to obtain a second component mixture (B), forming a first separation product (P1) which contains at least predominantly propylene using one or more first separation steps (S1), forming a second separation product (P2) containing at least predominantly propane using the first separation step(s) (S1), forming a third separation product (P3) containing at least predominantly ethylene using one or more second separation steps (S2) and forming a fourth separation product (P4) containing at least predominantly ethane using the second separation step(s) (S1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytically active composition for the selective methanation of carbon monoxide in reformate streams comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide, comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, nickel and cobalt as active component and rhenium as dopant on a support material. The catalyst according to the invention is preferably used for carrying out methanation reactions in a temperature range from 100 to 300° C. for use in the production of hydrogen for fuel cell applications.

Abstract: Provided are catalyst composites whose catalytic material is effective to substantially simultaneously oxidize carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons and reduce nitrogen oxides. The catalyst composites have a two-metal layer on a carrier, the two-metal layer comprising a rhodium component supported by a first support comprising a refractory metal oxide component or a first ceria-zirconia composite; a palladium component supported by a second support comprising a second ceria-zirconia composite; one or more of a promoter, stabilizer, or binder; wherein the amount of the total of the first and second ceria-zirconia composites in the two-metal layer is equal to or greater than the amount of the refractory metal oxide component. Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst for fuel cells which comprises a support, at least one catalytically active metal from the platinum group or an alloy comprising at least one metal of the platinum group and also at least one oxide of at least one metal selected from among Ti, Sn, Si, W, Mo, Zn, Ta, Nb, V, Cr and Zr. The invention further relates to a process for producing such a catalyst and its use.

Abstract: Process for preparing hydrocyanic acid by catalytic dehydration of gaseous formamide, wherein the dehydration of formamide is coupled with an exothermic reaction by the reactor used in the dehydration comprising two separate fluid paths which are separated by a common reactor wall, with one fluid path being provided for the dehydration of formamide and the second fluid path being provided for the exothermic reaction.

Abstract: Provided are catalyst composites whose catalytic material is effective to substantially simultaneously oxidize carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons and reduce nitrogen oxides. The catalyst composites have a two-metal layer on a carrier, the two-metal layer comprising a rhodium component supported by a first support comprising a refractory metal oxide component or a first ceria-zirconia composite; a palladium component supported by a second support comprising a second ceria-zirconia composite; one or more of a promoter, stabilizer, or binder; wherein the amount of the total of the first and second ceria-zirconia composites in the two-metal layer is equal to or greater than the amount of the refractory metal oxide component. Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

Abstract: Described is a process for the production of mixed oxide particles. The process comprises providing a mixture comprising a solvent, one or more precursor compounds of ceria, one or more precursor compounds of zirconia, and one or more precursor compounds of one or more rare earth oxides other than ceria and/or one or more precursor compounds of yttria; forming an aerosol of the mixture; and pyrolyzing the aerosol of to obtain mixed oxide particles. The content of the rare earth oxides other than ceria and/or of yttria in the mixed oxide particles is comprised in the range of from 0.1 to 4.9 wt.-% based on the total weight of the rare earth oxides, yttria, and zirconia contained in the mixed oxide particles. Also describes are mixed oxide particles obtained from flame spray pyrolysis and to their use as an oxygen storage component, a catalyst, and/or as a catalyst support.

Abstract: Provided are exhaust systems and components suitable for use in conjunction with gasoline engines to treat gaseous emissions such as hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxides. Layered three-way conversion (TWC) catalysts comprise an outer layer whose rhodium is supported by an oxygen storage component, such as a ceria-zirconia composite, and the outer layer is substantially free from alumina as a support. The rhodium-containing layer can be free of all other precious metals, such as platinum and palladium. A lower palladium layer is provided where the palladium is supported by a refractory metal oxide. The lower palladium layer can be free of rhodium and platinum and can contain an oxygen storage component that is the same or different from that in the rhodium-containing layer. Methods of making and using these catalysts are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous production of a catalyst comprising an alloy of a metal of the platinum group and at least a second metal as alloying metal selected from among the metals of the platinum group and the transition metals, in which a catalyst comprising the metal of the platinum group is mixed with at least one complex each comprising the alloying metal to give an alloy precursor and the alloy precursor is heated in a continuously operated furnace to produce the alloy.

Abstract: Processes comprising: providing a dehydrogenatable compound; and subjecting the dehydrogenatable compound to a dehydrogenation reaction at a temperature of from 150 to 400° C., in the presence of oxygen, and at a temperature profile of the dehydrogenation reaction which does not differ substantially from the temperature profile of the dehydrogenation reaction in the absence of oxygen under otherwise identical conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst comprising a metal of the platinum group and a second metal selected from among the metals of the platinum group or the transition metals, in which a catalyst comprising the metal of the platinum group is mixed with a complex comprising the second metal to give a dry powder in a first step and the powder is subsequently heat treated to form a compound between the metal of the platinum group and the second metal. The invention further relates to the use of the catalyst produced according to the invention.

Abstract: Provided are exhaust systems and components suitable for use in conjunction with gasoline engines to treat gaseous emissions such as hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxides. Layered three-way conversion (TWC) catalysts comprise an outer layer whose rhodium is supported by an oxygen storage component, such as a ceria-zirconia composite, and the outer layer is substantially free from alumina as a support. The rhodium-containing layer can be free of all other precious metals, such as platinum and palladium. A lower palladium layer is provided where the palladium is supported by a refractory metal oxide. The lower palladium layer can be free of rhodium and platinum and can contain an oxygen storage component that is the same or different from that in the rhodium-containing layer. Methods of making and using these catalysts are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst for fuel cells which comprises a support, at least one catalytically active metal from the platinum group or an alloy comprising at least one metal of the platinum group and also at least one oxide of at least one metal selected from among Ti, Sn, Si, W, Mo, Zn, Ta, Nb, V, Cr and Zr. The invention further relates to a process for producing such a catalyst and its use.

Abstract: Provided herein is a barium sulfate-containing catalyst carrier. The catalyst carrier is useful for supporting an exhaust gas purification catalyst, such as a three way conversion catalyst. In an embodiment, the carrier comprises BaSO4/thermally stable alumina. Further provided is a process for preparing the catalyst carrier, with or without precious metals, comprising treating a barium oxide/alumina or barium carbonate/alumina with a stoichiometric amount of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), thus forming BaSO4/alumina in situ in good yield and at low cost.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous production of a catalyst comprising an alloy of a metal of the platinum group and at least a second metal as alloying metal selected from among the metals of the platinum group and the transition metals, in which a catalyst comprising the metal of the platinum group is mixed with at least one complex each comprising the alloying metal to give an alloy precursor and the alloy precursor is heated in a continuously operated furnace to produce the alloy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst comprising an alloy of at least two different metals of which at least one metal is a metal of transition group VIII. The alloy is present in at least two phases having different degrees of alloying. The invention further relates to a process for producing the catalyst and a use of the catalyst.