Abstract: An exhaust system has at least one exhaust tailpipe which is led through a rear apron of the motor vehicle. The drive train of the vehicle has a rear axle. An air duct is provided in a rear region, which air duct supplies exterior air to the at least one exhaust tailpipe at least in sections. The rear axle has at least one rear axle cover at least in sections. An air inlet opening of the air duct is arranged behind the rear axle cover in a travel direction of the motor vehicle. As a result of the design of the motor vehicle, the rear apron is protected from impingement by hot exhaust gases.

Abstract: The present invention provides control of a synchronous machine with non-sinusoidal current-voltage profiles. The synchronous machine is controlled in a field-oriented coordinate system. In this case, the transformation between field-oriented coordinate system and stator-oriented coordinate system is effected by specific, adapted transformations which take account of the non-sinusoidal signal profiles during the driving of the synchronous machine, such that the latter correspond to current-voltage profiles progressing in a constant fashion in the field-oriented coordinate system. What is achieved thereby is that the non-sinusoidal current-voltage profiles need not be taken into account in any way in the design of the control system in the field-oriented coordinate system.

Abstract: The present invention provides control for synchronous machines in order to achieve an approximately constant torque irrespective of the load angle. The induced voltage of the synchronous machine rotating with a zero-current of the stator is first determined. Starting from the voltage plot of the induced voltage over the load angle, a current plot which achieves a constant torque irrespective of the load angle or any other default settings, can then be calculated. In particular, a non-sinusoidal current plot can also be calculated for non-sinusoidal plots of the induced voltage in the synchronous machine, in order to achieve desired settings that are as constant as possible irrespective of the load angle of the synchronous machine.

Abstract: The present invention provides control for synchronous machines in order to achieve an approximately constant torque irrespective of the load angle. The induced voltage of the synchronous machine rotating with a zero-current of the stator is first determined. Starting from the voltage plot of the induced voltage over the load angle, a current plot which achieves a constant torque irrespective of the load angle or any other default settings, can then be calculated. In particular, a non-sinusoidal current plot can also be calculated for non-sinusoidal plots of the induced voltage in the synchronous machine, in order to achieve desired settings that are as constant as possible irrespective of the load angle of the synchronous machine.

Abstract: The present invention provides control of a synchronous machine with non-sinusoidal current-voltage profiles. The synchronous machine is controlled in a field-oriented coordinate system. In this case, the transformation between field-oriented coordinate system and stator-oriented coordinate system is effected by specific, adapted transformations which take account of the non-sinusoidal signal profiles during the driving of the synchronous machine, such that the latter correspond to current-voltage profiles progressing in a constant fashion in the field-oriented coordinate system. What is achieved thereby is that the non-sinusoidal current-voltage profiles need not be taken into account in any way in the design of the control system in the field-oriented coordinate system.

Abstract: A method of post-processing a plurality of electronic components in a post-processing machine after fabrication of the electronic components including providing a carrier with align fixtures, which align fixtures have a clamping mechanism, actuating the clamping mechanism to enlarge a size of receptacles, each of the receptacles is assigned to one of the align fixtures and the enlarged receptacles are larger than the electronic components to be received, positioning the electronic components in the receptacles of the align fixtures, actuating the clamping mechanism to reduce a size of the receptacles so that the electronic components are aligned within the receptacles of the carrier, placing the carrier in the post processing machine, and subjecting the electronic components to operations of the post-processing machine while the electronic components maintain in aligned positions in the receptacles of the carrier.

Abstract: A device for removing tested semiconductor components from a clamping carrier having fixed stop elements and movable clamping elements, pre-tensioned by spring elements includes an actuation device arranged above the clamping carrier, which moves the clamping elements into an opening position enabling the clamping carrier to be discharged, and then moves the clamping elements into a rest position after discharge, an intermediate carrier, positioned under the clamping carrier during discharge, onto which the clamping carrier is emptied, a data memory in which data about each semiconductor component are stored, and a removal device, which removes the semiconductor components from the intermediate carrier and sorts them into at least two different categories in accordance with the data stored in the data memory.

Abstract: A method of post-processing a plurality of electronic components in a post-processing machine after fabrication of the electronic components including providing a carrier with align fixtures, which align fixtures have a clamping mechanism, actuating the clamping mechanism to enlarge a size of receptacles, each of the receptacles is assigned to one of the align fixtures and the enlarged receptacles are larger than the electronic components to be received, positioning the electronic components in the receptacles of the align fixtures, actuating the clamping mechanism to reduce a size of the receptacles so that the electronic components are aligned within the receptacles of the carrier, placing the carrier in the post processing machine, and subjecting the electronic components to operations of the post-processing machine while the electronic components maintain in aligned positions in the receptacles of the carrier.

Abstract: A method of post-processing a plurality of electronic components in a post-processing machine after fabrication of the electronic components including providing a carrier with align fixtures, which align fixtures have a clamping mechanism, actuating the clamping mechanism to enlarge a size of receptacles, each of the receptacles is assigned to one of the align fixtures and the enlarged receptacles are larger than the electronic components to be received, positioning the electronic components in the receptacles of the align fixtures, actuating the clamping mechanism to reduce a size of the receptacles so that the electronic components are aligned within the receptacles of the carrier, placing the carrier in the post processing machine, and subjecting the electronic components to operations of the post-processing machine while the electronic components maintain in aligned positions in the receptacles of the carrier.

Abstract: A device for removing tested semiconductor components from a clamping carrier having fixed stop elements and movable clamping elements, pre-tensioned by spring elements includes an actuation device arranged above the clamping carrier, which moves the clamping elements into an opening position enabling the clamping carrier to be discharged, and then moves the clamping elements into a rest position after discharge, an intermediate carrier, positioned under the clamping carrier during discharge, onto which the clamping carrier is emptied, a data memory in which data about each semiconductor component are stored, and a removal device, which removes the semiconductor components from the intermediate carrier and sorts them into at least two different categories in accordance with the data stored in the data memory.

Abstract: A closure mechanism for pressure test chambers for testing electronic components, in particular ICs, has a plurality of pivoting jaws. At least some of the pivoting jaws have at least one lifting apparatus which can be advanced to two interacting cavity elements, which surround a cavity, by means of the pivoting jaws. Furthermore, at least some of the pivoting jaws have at least one locking device in order to move spacer elements into an intermediate space between the associated pivoting jaws and the compressed cavity element, as a result of which the tightness of the cavity is maintained even when the lifting apparatuses are retracted.

Abstract: A method of post-processing a plurality of electronic components in a post-processing machine after fabrication of the electronic components including providing a carrier with align fixtures, which align fixtures have a clamping mechanism, actuating the clamping mechanism to enlarge a size of receptacles, each of the receptacles is assigned to one of the align fixtures and the enlarged receptacles are larger than the electronic components to be received, positioning the electronic components in the receptacles of the align fixtures, actuating the clamping mechanism to reduce a size of the receptacles so that the electronic components are aligned within the receptacles of the carrier, placing the carrier in the post processing machine, and subjecting the electronic components to operations of the post-processing machine while the electronic components maintain in aligned positions in the receptacles of the carrier.

Abstract: A closure mechanism for pressure test chambers for testing electronic components, in particular ICs, has a plurality of pivoting jaws. At least some of the pivoting jaws have at least one lifting apparatus which can be advanced to two interacting cavity elements, which surround a cavity, by means of the pivoting jaws. Furthermore, at least some of the pivoting jaws have at least one locking device in order to move spacer elements into an intermediate space between the associated pivoting jaws and the compressed cavity element, as a result of which the tightness of the cavity is maintained even when the lifting apparatuses are retracted.

Abstract: In the case of a test apparatus for testing electronic components which are present in an assembly, in particular in the form of strips, a slide-like contacting board supporting device, to which the contacting board can be fastened, is mounted on the test head. The contacting board supporting device can be moved parallel to the plane of the contacting board when the contacting nest is docked on the test head, with the result that the contacting board can be brought into different test positions which are laterally beside one another.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a device for tempering electronic components (5) within a handler (1) for a functional test. The components (5) are initially pre-tempered in a temperature chamber (2) by convecting a gas and are then directly tempered in a conductive manner to the test temperature in a test chamber (3). The gas pressure (P1) inside the test chamber (3) is greater than the gas pressure (P2) in the temperature chamber while the gas pressure (P2) in the temperature chamber (2) is greater than the ambient pressure (Pa). The inlet (4) and outlet (29) of the temperature chamber (2) are alternately opened and closed.

Abstract: A device for testing electronic components such as integrated circuit ICs, under particular pressure conditions, has a pressure test chamber with contact elements which on the one hand are connected to an electronic testing device and on the other hand extend into a cavity of the pressure test chamber. Arranged inside the cavity of the pressure test chamber, there is and air-fight sealing board which extends transversely over the contact elements and is sealed peripherally from an assigned pressure chamber half. By means of the sealing board, first contact element sections are separated air-tightly from second contact element sections but are in electrically conductive connection.

Abstract: In a device for testing electronic components, in particular ICs, under particular pressure conditions, the pressure test chamber comprises contact elements (13) which on the one hand are connected to an electronic testing device and on the other hand extend into a cavity of the pressure test chamber. Arranged inside the cavity of the pressure test chamber, there is an air-tight sealing board (26) which extends transversely over the contact elements (13) and is sealed peripherally from an assigned pressure chamber half (2). By means of the sealing board (26), first contact element sections (19) are separated air-tightly from second contact element sections (20) but are in electrically conductive connection.

Abstract: In the case of a test apparatus for testing electronic components which are present in an assembly, in particular in the form of strips, a slide-like contacting board supporting device (28), to which the contacting board (22) can be fastened, is mounted on the test head (15), wherein the contacting board supporting device (28) can be moved parallel to the plane of the contacting board when the contacting nest (24) is docked on the test head (15), with the result that the contacting board (22) can be brought into different test positions which are laterally beside one another.