Abstract: The present invention relates to switchable components for high-frequency technology, in particular microwave technology, which use liquid-crystalline dielectrics, to the liquid-crystal materials, to the use thereof, and to a process for the production of the components, for their operation and for improving their characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger in which a liquid coolant and a gaseous flow, for example compressed charge air, are involved in the exchange of heat, with at least two heat exchanger blocks being provided which can be traversed by the coolant and by the gaseous flow. The invention can include inventive solutions for a flat arrangement including at least one gas-side bypass arranged adjacent to or within the first heat exchanger block and/or adjacent to or within the second heat exchanger block. The present invention also provides a method for cooling that divides the gaseous flow into at least two partial flows. One partial flow can be guided past a heat exchanger block, and the other partial flow can be conducted through the other heat exchanger block before the partial flows are finally merged.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Reed-Solomon decoder and to a method of soft decision decoding of Reed-Solomon codes, wherein a syndrome polynomial, an erasure polynomial, and a modified syndrome polynomial are computed on-the-fly in parallel by iteratively updating coefficients of these polynomials.

Abstract: Disclosed is the use of an insoluble or sparingly soluble micronized substance class which is not a cosmetic UV absorber and which is dispersed in the oil- or water-phase of a cosmetic or dermatological composition for the enhancement of light protecting action of this cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising at least one cosmetic UV filter which is soluble in the water- or oil-phase. The cosmetic preparation according to the invention shows a remarkable increase in SPF.

Abstract: Warpknitted spacer fabric knitwear 11 consisting of two knitwear layers 12, 13 which are positioned parallel relative to one another and which are connected to one another by pile yarns 14 which extend to and fro, wherein the knitwear layers 12, 13 comprise courses 22, 23 generally extending in the direction of production, as well as weft threads 15, 16 connected by knitting thereto, and wherein the pile yarns 14 extend generally in the direction of production and are connected to the knitwear layers 12, 13, wherein in at least one of the knitwear layers 12, 13 there is worked in at least one weft thread 16 of a lower tear strength for producing a substantially linear nominal separating region T and wherein, in the region of the at least one weft thread 16 of a lower tear strength, at least one pile yarn 14 is left out for additionally weakening the substantially linear nominal separating region T.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the Formula (I) that are useful antimicrobial agents and effective against a variety of multi-drug resistant bacteria:

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger having a bundle of tubes, which can be inserted into a tubular housing. Exhaust gas can flow through the tubes. A coolant duct can be arranged between the tubes. The bundle of tubes can have at least one grid-like securing structure which supports the bundle in the housing. The behavior of the heat exchanger with respect to vibrations is improved by virtue of the fact that the grid-like metallic securing structure includes integral hook-shaped protrusions which are deformed in the opposite direction to the insertion direction of the bundle into the housing. The spring force is directed against the housing in order to dampen vibrations. The heat exchanger can also include an elastic device for permitting a change in length caused by temperature changes.

Abstract: Disclosed is the use of the compounds of formula wherein A is a radical of formula R1 and R5 independently from each other are hydrogen; C1-C18alkyl; or C6-C12aryl; R2, R3 and R4 independently from each other are hydrogen; or a radical of formula wherein, in formula (1a), at least one of the radicals R2, R3 and R4 are a radical of formula (1c); R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 independently from each other are hydrogen; hydroxy; halogen; C1-C18alkyl; C1-C18alkoxy; C6-C12aryl; biphenylyl; C6-C12aryloxy; C1-C18alkylthio; carboxy; —COOM; C1-C18-alkylcarboxyl; aminocarbonyl; or mono- or di-C1-C18alkylamino; C1-C10acylamino; —COOH; M is an alkali metal ion; x is 1 or 2; and y is a number from 2 to 10; for the protection of human and animal hair and skin against the damaging effect of UV radiation. The compounds of formula (1) are high effective UV absorbers for cosmetic formulations aund can be—depending on their physical properties be used in micronized or soluble form.

Abstract: In a method of controlling an internal combustion engine having a common rail fuel injection system including individual fuel storage chambers, wherein the pressure pattern of the fuel supplied to each injector can be determined and actual and virtual fuel injection ends and fuel injection begins are determined, the deviations from the desired fuel injection ends and from the fuel injection begins are calculated and the injectors are evaluated on the basis of the deviations and further control of the internal combustion engine is based on an evaluation of the fuel injectors.

Abstract: Described are heterobicyclic compounds such as 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid amides, 4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]thiopyran 3-carboxylic acid amides, 4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylic acid amides, or benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylic acid amides and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, the use of these derivatives for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of various diseases such as infectious diseases, including mycobacteriainduced infections and opportunistic diseases, prion diseases, immunological diseases, autoimmune diseases, bipolar and clinical disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cell proliferative diseases, diabetes, inflammation, transplant rejections, erectile dysfunction, neurodegenerative diseases and stroke, as well as compositions containing at least one heterobicyclic compound and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Furthermore, reaction procedures for the synthesis of the heterobicyclic compound are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wind-powered watercraft in which a free-flying kite-type wind-attacked element that is provided with a profiled wing and is used as the exclusive, an auxiliary, or an emergency drive unit is connected to the vessel only via one traction rope, said traction rope optionally fanning out into a number of holding ropes. The wind-attacked element can be modified via at least one active drive element that is disposed thereupon and is effectively connected thereto by modifying the aerodynamic effect thereof in order to be guided into a given position relative to the watercraft or to dynamically maneuver.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid derivatives where R—R6, X, Y and Z have the meanings stated in the description, and the preparation thereof, are described. The novel compounds are suitable for controlling diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a molding system. According to an aspect, the molding system includes molding-system elements configured to process a molding material. The molding system includes a mold surface configured to cooperate with the molding-system elements. The molding system also includes a fibrous-insert generating mechanism configured to generate a fibrous insert onto the mold surface. The mold surface, in use, encapsulates the fibrous insert received by the mold surface with the molding material, at least in part.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid derivatives where R-R6, X, Y and Z have the meanings stated in the description, and the preparation thereof, are described. The novel compounds are suitable for controlling diseases.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid derivatives where R-R6, X, Y and Z have the meanings stated in the description, and the preparation thereof, are described. The novel compounds are suitable for controlling diseases.

Abstract: In a method of controlling an internal combustion engine having a common rail fuel injection system including individual fuel storage chambers, wherein the pressure pattern of the fuel supplied to each injector can be determined and actual and virtual fuel injection ends and fuel injection begins are determined, the deviations from the desired fuel injection ends and from the fuel injection begins are calculated and the injectors are evaluated on the basis of the deviations and further control of the internal combustion engine is based on an evaluation of the fuel injectors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing tetrasubstituted imidazole derivatives of the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the specification below. The present invention further relates to a process for preparing the compound of formula (II) and novel crystalline structures of the compound of formula (II).

Abstract: A compound of the formula pharmaceutically acceptable salts and enantiomers thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing this compound, its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and enantiomers are claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyridylpyrimidine derivatives of the general formula (I): wherein R represents hydrogen or methyl and Z represents nitrogen containing functional groups, the use of the pyridylpyrimidine derivatives as pharmaceutically active agents, especially for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of prion infections and prion diseases, as well as compositions containing at least one pyridylpyrimidine derivative and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to methods for preventing and/or treating prion infections and prion diseases using said pyridylpyrimidine derivatives. Human cellular protein kinases, phosphatases and cellular signal transduction molecules are disclosed as targets for detecting, preventing and/or treating prion infections and diseases, especially BSE, vCJD, or CJD which can be inhibited by the inventive pyridylpyrimidine derivatives.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid derivatives where R–R6, X, Y and Z have the meanings stated in the description, and the preparation thereof, are described. The novel compounds are suitable for controlling diseases.