Abstract: A spark plug resistance element that includes at least one inorganic amorphous oxide and at least one first inorganic crystalline oxide having a relative dielectric permittivity of at most 15. A spark plug that includes at least one spark plug resistance element is also described.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a housing for a spark plug, having a bore along the longitudinal axis X of the housing, the housing comprises an outer side and an inner side and a galvanically applied nickel and zinc-containing protective layer is arranged on at least one part of the outer side of the housing. A sealing layer, which contains silicon, is arranged on the nickel and zinc-containing protective layer.

Abstract: A spark plug connecting element. The spark plug connecting element includes a first contact element and a second contact element. A resistor element is situated between the first contact element and the second contact element. The first contact element and the second contact element have a specific conductivity of 102 S/m to 108 S/m and the resistor element has a specific conductivity of 10?3 S/m to 101 S/m.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a housing for a spark plug, having a bore along the longitudinal axis X of the housing, the housing comprises an outer side and an inner side and a galvanically applied nickel and zinc-containing protective layer is arranged on at least one part of the outer side of the housing. A sealing layer, which contains silicon, is arranged on the nickel and zinc-containing protective layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spark plug connecting element, which includes a first contact element (9a) and a second contact element (9b), a resistor element (8) being situated between the first contact element (9a) and the second contact element (9b), the first contact element (9a) and the second contact element (9b) having a specific conductivity of 102 S/m to 108 S/m and the resistor element (8) having a specific conductivity of 10?3 S/m to 101 S/m.

Abstract: A spark plug resistance element that includes at least one inorganic amorphous oxide and at least one first inorganic crystalline oxide having a relative dielectric permittivity of at most 15. A spark plug that includes at least one spark plug resistance element is also described.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a spark plug. The method includes: furnishing an insulator; introducing into the insulator a material mixture that is configured to constitute a resistor paste, the material mixture containing ZrO2 and SiO2; heating the insulator and the material mixture present therein to a temperature T of at least 870° C., so that ZrO2 and SiO2 in the material mixture react at least partly to ZrSiO4.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode includes an electrode base body made of a first material and an ignition element made of a second material and forming an ignition surface for a spark plug. The electrode base body and the ignition element are integrally joined to each other via a welding seam. A mixing rate for the first or second materials is less than 15 weight percent in a half of the welding seam adjacent to the ignition element. A method for manufacturing a spark plug electrode includes: providing an electrode base body and an ignition element; carrying out a welding process joining the electrode base body and the ignition element while forming a welding seam, where a welding beam guided over the surface of the spark plug electrode by tilting a reflection element, thereby producing a welding seam at a joining point between the electrode base body and the ignition element.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a housing, an isolator arranged in the housing, and a ground electrode arranged on a front surface of the housing on a combustion chamber side. The spark plug further includes a central electrode, a terminal stud, and a resistance element all of which are arranged in the isolator. The resistance element is spatially arranged between the central electrode and the terminal stud and connects the central electrode to the terminal stud. The ground electrode forms a spark gap together with the central electrode. The resistance element contains a resistance material that contains conductive particles and non-conductive particles. At least 80% of the non-conductive particles have a maximum diameter of 20 ?m.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a spark plug. The method includes: furnishing an insulator; introducing into the insulator a material mixture that is configured to constitute a resistor paste, the material mixture containing ZrO2 and SiO2; heating the insulator and the material mixture present therein to a temperature T of at least 870° C., so that ZrO2 and SiO2 in the material mixture react at least partly to ZrSiO4.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode includes an electrode base body made of a first material and an ignition element made of a second material and forming an ignition surface for a spark plug. The electrode base body and the ignition element are integrally joined to each other via a welding seam. A mixing rate for the first or second materials is less than 15 weight percent in a half of the welding seam adjacent to the ignition element. A method for manufacturing a spark plug electrode includes: providing an electrode base body and an ignition element; carrying out a welding process joining the electrode base body and the ignition element while forming a welding seam, where a welding beam guided over the surface of the spark plug electrode by tilting a reflection element, thereby producing a welding seam at a joining point between the electrode base body and the ignition element.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a housing, an isolator arranged in the housing, and a ground electrode arranged on a front surface of the housing on a combustion chamber side. The spark plug further includes a central electrode, a terminal stud, and a resistance element all of which are arranged in the isolator. The resistance element is spatially arranged between the central electrode and the terminal stud and connects the central electrode to the terminal stud. The ground electrode forms a spark gap together with the central electrode. The resistance element contains a resistance material that contains conductive particles and non-conductive particles. At least 80% of the non-conductive particles have a maximum diameter of 20 ?m.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode having greater mechanical stability. The spark plug electrode includes a base body and a noble metal pin situated on the base body, the base body and the noble metal pin being connected to each other by a connection zone. The connection zone has at least one first welding seam and one second welding seam.

Abstract: A spark plug electrode having greater mechanical stability. The spark plug electrode includes a base body and a noble metal pin situated on the base body, the base body and the noble metal pin being connected to each other by a connection zone. The connection zone has at least one first welding seam and one second welding seam.

Abstract: In a method and system for localizing optional and/or exchangeable components of at least one image recording scanner and/or for localizing persons assigned to the image recording scanner in a spatial environment around the location of the image recording scanner, the components and/or persons are each provided with a wireless transmit device and the environment is provided with wireless receive devices. For each transmit device, using at least one localization signal received by at least one receive device in which the transmitting transmit device is identified, an item of position information of the transmit device, and thus of the component or person assigned to the transmit device, is determined and is provided in a computer for recall purposes.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining gas components in measuring gas mixtures, particularly gas components in exhaust gases of combustion devices, having a measuring chamber that is in gas-conducting connection with the measuring gas mixture, and having a solid electrolyte which connects a pump electrode, situated in the measuring chamber, and a pump counterelectrode while conducting oxygen ions, in order to set the oxygen content in the measuring chamber. This sensor element stands out by having the pump counterelectrode situated in a reference gas chamber.

Abstract: A gas sensor, in particular for determining the oxygen content in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, having a housing, a sensor element having a multi-layer design which is situated in the housing, and connecting lines lead to the outside for contacting the sensor element. A contacting element of a connecting line penetrates a layer of the sensor element and part of an insulating element situated outside the sensor element. For contacting the sensor element, such a contact configuration makes it possible to directly contact the contacting element of the connecting line, which may be arranged as a contacting pin, to the printed conductor which is formed inside the sensor element.

Abstract: A ceramic insulating material, in particular for sensor elements for determining the concentration of gas components in gas mixtures, is based on an alkaline earth-containing ceramic. The insulating material contains a hexaaluminate of the alkaline earth metal and at least one mixed compound of the alkaline earth metal with an acid oxide, the molar ratio of hexaaluminate to the sum of mixed compounds in the insulating material being 1.3 to 4.0.

Abstract: A composite body made of at least two ceramic layers, in which the ceramic layers are permanently bonded to one another at defined bonding points by a contact layer made of a bonding material. To achieve a permanent, thermally stable bond of ceramic layers having different coefficients of thermal expansion, the bonding material has a low modulus of elasticity. During the manufacture of the composite body, the bonding points of the ceramic layers are pretreated to form a porous surface structure, the bonding material is applied to these bonding points, and after the ceramic layers are laid one on top of another with bonding points facing toward one another and bonding material lying between them, the assembled composite body is subjected to a heat treatment.

Abstract: A composite body made of at least two ceramic layers, in which the ceramic layers are permanently bonded to one another at defined bonding points by a contact layer made of a bonding material. To achieve a permanent, thermally stable bond of ceramic layers having different coefficients of thermal expansion, the bonding material has a low modulus of elasticity. During the manufacture of the composite body, the bonding points of the ceramic layers are pretreated to form a porous surface structure, the bonding material is applied to these bonding points, and after the ceramic layers are laid one on top of another with bonding points facing toward one another and bonding material lying between them, the assembled composite body is subjected to a heat treatment.