Abstract: A process for preparing polysulfane silanes of formula (I): (R1)3-mR2mSi—R3—Sx—R3—SiR2m(OR1)3-m??(I), may include reacting at least one halosilane of formula (II): (R1)3-mR2mSi—R3-Hal??(II), with M(SH)y and/or MzS and sulfur, in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, a base and an aqueous phase, wherein the phase transfer catalyst is an alkylguanidinium catalyst of the formula (III): and at least two groups of R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are —(CH2)2CH3, —CH2CH3, or —CH3.

Abstract: The invention relates to benzothiazole-containing silanes of the formula I which are prepared by reacting benzothiazole-containing silanes of the formula II with a compound of formula III R2—H??(III). The benzothiazole-containing silanes of the formula I can be used in rubber mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to thioether silanes of the formula I (R1)x(R2)3-xSi—R3—S—C(CH2R4)y(R5)3-y ??(I), which are prepared by reacting the silane of the formula II (R1)x(R2)3-xSi—R3—SH ??(II) with an alkene of the formula III R4—HC?C(CH2R)y-1(R5)3-y ??(III). The thioether silanes can be used for production of rubber mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to rubber mixtures which comprise at least one rubber, at least one mercaptosilane of the general formula I R13Si—R2—S—R3 and at least one mixture of polysulfanes of the formula II R13Si—R2SxR2—SiR13. The rubber mixture is produced by mixing at least one rubber, at least one mercaptosilane of the general formula I and at least one mixture of polysulfanes of the formula II. The rubber mixture can be used to produce moulded articles.

Abstract: The invention relates to silane mixtures comprising a silane of the formula I (R1)y(R2)3-ySi—R3—(S—R4)n—Sx—(R4—S)n—R3—Si(R1)y(R2)3-y??(I) and a silane of the formula II (R1)y(R2)3-ySi—R3—(S—R4)z—S—R3—Si(R1)y(R2)3-y??(II) where the molar ratio of silane of the formula I to silane of the formula II is 19:81-81:19. The silane mixture according to the invention can be prepared by mixing the silanes of the formula I and silanes of the formula II.

Abstract: A LIDAR sensor for detecting an object in the surroundings, and to a method for activating a LIDAR sensor, the LIDAR sensor including at least one transmitting unit for emitting electromagnetic radiation, at least one receiving unit for receiving electromagnetic radiation which was reflected by the object, at least one refractive element, which is at least partially pervious to the electromagnetic radiation, and a rotating unit, which includes at least the at least one refractive element, the at least one transmitting unit and the at least one receiving unit. The core of the invention is that the at least one refractive element includes at least one optical lens and a beam splitter for splitting the electromagnetic radiation, two focal planes being present. The at least one transmitting unit and the at least one receiving unit are positioned in at least one focal plane of at least one refractive element.

Abstract: The invention relates to silane mixtures comprising a silane of the formula I (R1)y(R2)3-ySi—R3—(S—R4)n—S—R5??(I) and a silane of the formula II (R1)y(R2)3-ySi—R3—(S—R4)z—S—R3—Si(R1)y(R2)3-y??(II) where the molar ratio of silane of the formula I to silane of the formula II is 20:80-90:10. The silane mixture according to the invention can be prepared by mixing the silanes of the formula I and silanes of the formula II.

Abstract: The invention relates to benzothiazole-containing silanes of the formula I which are prepared by reacting benzothiazole-containing silanes of the formula II with a compound of formula III R2—H??(III). The benzothiazole-containing silanes of the formula I can be used in rubber mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to silane mixtures comprising a silane of the formula I (R1)y(R2)3-ySi—R3—(S—R4)n—Sx—(R4—S)n—R3—Si(R1)y(R2)3-y??(I) and a silane of the formula II (R1)y(R2)3-ySi—R3—(S—R4)z—S—R3—Si(R1)y(R2)3-y??(II) where the molar ratio of silane of the formula I to silane of the formula II is 19:81-81:19. The silane mixture according to the invention can be prepared by mixing the silanes of the formula I and silanes of the formula II.

Abstract: The invention relates to silane mixtures comprising a silane of the formula I (R1)y(R2)3-ySi—R3—(S—R4)n—S—R5??(I) and a silane of the formula II (R1)y(R2)3-ySi—R3—(S—R4)z—S—R3—Si(R1)y(R2)3-y??(II) where the molar ratio of silane of the formula I to silane of the formula II is 20:80-90:10. The silane mixture according to the invention can be prepared by mixing the silanes of the formula I and silanes of the formula II.

Abstract: A projection system for a projector and/or a vehicle light, comprising a light-scattering and/or conversion device and having a scanning device with which a light impingement region of the projected light is shiftable on the light-scattering and/or conversion device; the light-scattering and/or conversion device being configured for conversion and/or for physical scattering of the light projected onto the light-scattering and/or conversion device so that a light emitted into an external environment of the projection system encompasses an emitted light and/or physically scattered light having the at least one output wavelength; and the projection system encompassing a hologram onto which a physically unscattered light having the at least one output wavelength, which is transmitted at least once through the light-scattering and/or conversion device, impinges, and by which the physically unscattered light is deflectable.

Abstract: A LIDAR sensor for detecting an object in the surroundings, and to a method for activating a LIDAR sensor, the LIDAR sensor including at least one transmitting unit for emitting electromagnetic radiation, at least one receiving unit for receiving electromagnetic radiation which was reflected by the object, at least one refractive element, which is at least partially pervious to the electromagnetic radiation, and a rotating unit, which includes at least the at least one refractive element, the at least one transmitting unit and the at least one receiving unit. The core of the invention is that the at least one refractive element includes at least one optical lens and a beam splitter for splitting the electromagnetic radiation, two focal planes being present. The at least one transmitting unit and the at least one receiving unit are positioned in at least one focal plane of at least one refractive element.

Abstract: A composition containing 2-propylheptyl silicate is obtained by heating ethyl silicate with an amount of 2-propylheptanol used in excess in the presence of titanium tetrabutoxide as catalyst to a temperature of not more than 220° C. while mixing, allowing them to react and, after the reaction, removing ethanol and excess 2-propylheptanol from the reaction mixture by distillation and obtaining the product, to obtain the composition comprising 2-propylheptyl silicate.

Abstract: A projection system for a projector and/or a vehicle light, comprising a light-scattering and/or conversion device and having a scanning device with which a light impingement region of the projected light is shiftable on the light-scattering and/or conversion device; the light-scattering and/or conversion device being configured for conversion and/or for physical scattering of the light projected onto the light-scattering and/or conversion device so that a light emitted into an external environment of the projection system encompasses an emitted light and/or physically scattered light having the at least one output wavelength; and the projection system encompassing a hologram onto which a physically unscattered light having the at least one output wavelength, which is transmitted at least once through the light-scattering and/or conversion device, impinges, and by which the physically unscattered light is deflectable.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing urea-containing mercaptosilanes of the general formula I wherein a chlorosilane of the general formula II is reacted with NaSH in C2-C8 alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to urea-containing mercaptosilanes of the formula I which are prepared by reacting a halosilane of the formula II with compounds of the formula III in an alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to urea-containing silanes of the formula I which are prepared by, in a first step, reacting an aminosilane of the formula II with an isocyanate of the formula III and, in a second step, reacting the product from the first process step with sodium sulphide of the formula IV Na2S??(IV) or in a first step, reacting an isocyanatosilane of the formula VI with an amine of the formula VII and, in a second step, reacting the product from the first process step with sodium sulphide of the formula IV Na2S??(IV).

Abstract: The invention relates to urea-containing mercaptosilanes of the formula I which are prepared by reacting a halosilane of the formula II with compounds of the formula III in an alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing urea-containing mercaptosilanes of the general formula I wherein a chlorosilane of the general formula II is reacted with NaSH in C2-C8 alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to urea-containing silanes of the formula I which are prepared by, in a first step, reacting an aminosilane of the formula II with an isocyanate of the formula III and, in a second step, reacting the product from the first process step with sodium sulphide of the formula IV Na2S??(IV) or in a first step, reacting an isocyanatosilane of the formula VI with an amine of the formula VII and, in a second step, reacting the product from the first process step with sodium sulphide of the formula IV Na2S??(IV).