Abstract: A method for predicting the behavior of at least one road user in a traffic situation. The method includes: obtaining a graph representation of the traffic situation, wherein nodes represent road users, edges represent interactions between the road users and define an adjacency between road users, each node is associated with a state, and each edge is associated with edge attributes; computing an evolution of the states of the nodes based at least in part on a self-evolution of the state of each considered node that is dependent on this state and mediated by a self-evolution operator; and an interaction of each considered node with other nodes that is dependent on the states of these other nodes and mediated by an interaction operator; and computing a sought property that characterizes the behavior of the at least one road user.

Abstract: Continuous condition monitoring of a pneumatic system, and in particular for early fault detection, is provided. The condition monitoring unit is formed with an interface to a memory in which a trained normal condition model is stored as a one-class model, which has been trained in a training phase with normal condition data and represents a normal condition of the pneumatic system. Furthermore, the condition monitoring unit comprises a data interface for continuously acquiring sensor data of the pneumatic system by means of a set of sensors, an extractor for extracting features from the acquired sensor data, a differentiator for determining deviations of the extracted features from learned features of the normal state model by means of a distance metric, a scoring unit for calculating an anomaly score from the determined deviations, and an output unit for outputting the calculated anomaly score.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a metal-cutting machine tool with a base body, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation relative to a workpiece to be machined, at least one plate seat disposed outside the axis of rotation on the base body and a cutting insert, which is inserted into the plate seat and held therein by at least one fastening means and which is provided with a coating, at least in the area of its cutting edge. In order to compensate for positional tolerances, according to this disclosure the plate seat comprises a positioning surface oriented toward the axis of rotation, and the cutting insert has a reference surface lying against the positioning surface and facing away from the axis of rotation, for radially determining the position of its cutting edge, wherein the coating is also applied to the reference surface.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a metal-cutting machine tool with a base body, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation relative to a workpiece to be machined, at least one plate seat disposed outside the axis of rotation on the base body and a cutting insert, which is inserted into the plate seat and held therein by at least one fastening means and which is provided with a coating, at least in the area of its cutting edge. In order to compensate for positional tolerances, according to this disclosure the plate seat comprises a positioning surface oriented toward the axis of rotation, and the cutting insert has a reference surface lying against the positioning surface and facing away from the axis of rotation, for radially determining the position of its cutting edge, wherein the coating is also applied to the reference surface.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an electrical installation or device equipped with a power supply unit comprising a voltage converter having primary and secondary parts respectively defining a primary side and a secondary side of this electrical installation or device. This power supply unit comprises a power management unit arranged on the primary side, the primary part of the converter being associated with a control circuit also arranged on the primary side and controlling the electrical energy flowing in the primary power path of the primary part. The control circuit receives from the power management unit at least a first control signal for switching OFF the electrical energy in the primary power path, the power supply unit entering a very low power mode (“Power-down” mode) when the first control signal is set to OFF so that the converter is not supplied anymore.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an electrical installation or device equipped with a power supply unit comprising a voltage converter having primary and secondary parts respectively defining a primary side and a secondary side of this electrical installation or device. This power supply unit comprises a power management unit arranged on the primary side, the primary part of the converter being associated with a control circuit also arranged on the primary side and controlling the electrical energy flowing in the primary power path of the primary part. The control circuit receives from the power management unit at least a first control signal for switching OFF the electrical energy in the primary power path, the power supply unit entering a very low power mode (“Power-down” mode) when the first control signal is set to OFF so that the converter is not supplied anymore.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an electrical installation or device equipped with a power supply unit comprising a voltage converter having primary and secondary parts respectively defining a primary side and a secondary side of this electrical installation or device. This power supply unit comprises a power management unit arranged on said primary side, the primary part of the converter being associated with a control circuit also arranged on said primary side and controlling the electrical energy flowing in the primary power path of said primary part. The control circuit receives from the power management unit at least a first control signal for switching OFF the electrical energy in said primary power path, said power supply unit entering a very low power mode (“Power-down” mode) when said first control signal is set to OFF so that the converter is not supplied anymore.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an electrical installation or device equipped with a power supply unit comprising a voltage converter having primary and secondary parts respectively defining a primary side and a secondary side of this electrical installation or device. This power supply unit comprises a power management unit arranged on said primary side, the primary part of the converter being associated with a control circuit also arranged on said primary side and controlling the electrical energy flowing in the primary power path of said primary part. The control circuit receives from the power management unit at least a first control signal for switching OFF the electrical energy in said primary power path, said power supply unit entering a very low power mode (“Power-down” mode) when said first control signal is set to OFF so that the converter is not supplied anymore.

Abstract: An acousto-optical add/drop multiplexer includes an acousto-optical switch including a first optical port coupled to a first polarization splitter, at least one polarization converter coupled between the first polarization splitter and a second polarization splitter, and second and third optical ports coupled to the second splitter. A first circulator is coupled to the first optical port, a mirror is coupled to the second optical port, and a second circulator is coupled to the third optical port. A wavelength selective optical cross-connect may be realized by coupling two such acousto-optical add/drop multiplexers by a single optical fiber to their respective third optical ports.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing an indiffused optical waveguide (6) in a substrate (1). A metal layer (7) and photoresist (8) are deposited on a substrate (1) in this order. Portions of the photoresist (8) are removed such that a photoresist structure (8) corresponding to the desired waveguide structure is left. The exposed portions of the metal layer (7) are removed by a chemical/physical etching technique whereafter the remaining photoresist (8) is removed and the remaining metal layer (7) is diffused into the substrate (1) by a heat treatment. The usage of a chemical/physical etching method for removing portions of the metal layer (7) results in smaller variations in the width of the waveguide after indiffusion. Such waveguides are particularly advantageous when being used in connection with acousto-optical devices. The optical waveguides according to the invention are also useable with other integrated optics devices.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reducing polarization hole burning in a rare-earth-doped fiber amplifier within an optical communication system by converting an optical carrier having a characteristic wavelength into a polarization-rotating optical carrier is disclosed. The apparatus includes a polarization-fixing device optically coupled in the optical transmission system to transform the optical carrier to a polarized optical carrier, and an acousto-optic modulator positioned to receive a first portion of the polarized optical carrier and to orthogonally convert the polarization of the polarized optical carrier and to shift the polarized optical carrier by a modulation frequency. The apparatus and method further includes a polarization beam combiner optically coupled to receive the orthogonally polarization converted and frequency shifted polarized signal and a portion of the original polarized optical carrier.

Abstract: A double-passage acousto-optical device including an acousto-optical switch having a first polarization conversion region connected between first input and output ports, and a second conversion region connected between second input and output ports; and an optical combination connected between the first output port and the second input port via optical fibers and including an optical isolating element. The double-passage acousto-optical device may alternately include an acousto-optical switch including a single polarization conversion region connected between first input and output ports and also connected between second input and output ports. A bandpass filter, a notch filter, and add/drop and a tunable laser generator may be formed using the acousto-optical device.

Abstract: The invention relates to optical birefringent waveguides, acousto-optical devices using such optical waveguides and an acoustic waveguide as well as a manufacturing method therefore. The optical waveguides of the invention exhibit a small birefringent variation with respect to a change of waveguide parameters, if the fundamental mode propagating in the optical waveguide has a propagation constant near to the cut-off condition. The optical waveguide dimensions are typically chosen such that the cut-off wavelength of the waveguide is below 1650 nm for an operating wavelength in the window between 1530 nm and 1656 nm. The acousto-optic mode converter using such optical waveguides have a superior conversion characteristic over the conversion frequency with reduced side lobes. Therefore, using the thin and narrow optical waveguides of the invention, a superior performance of the acousto-optical devices using such an optical waveguide can be obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed is an acousto-optic device having a number of acoustic attenuating structures and a method to limit the parasitic effects of a surface acoustic wave. The structures include any combination of the following: surrounding the acousto-optic conversion region with acoustic absorber, placing acoustic absorber near to the transducer(s), placing a strip of acoustic absorber between optical waveguides formed in the device, shaping one or more ends of acoustic waveguides formed in the device to absorb energy from the transducer(s), and/or extending the acoustic waveguides to further limit irradiation of unguided acoustic waves.

Abstract: A double-stage acousto-optical waveguide device comprises two polarization conversion stages, a polarization selective input element, a polarization selective output element and two intermediate polarization selective elements that have two branches connected together and two branches not connected together that are located on opposite sides of the branches connected together and extend in lateral waveguides that reach the edges of the substrate.

Abstract: An acousto-optical waveguide device with compensation of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) comprises at least one first and one second optical path in optical waveguide and at least one compensation optical path connected to the first and second optical path. The compensation optical path has a prefixed PMD such that the passage time of a first polarization component of an optical signal in the first optical path and in the compensation optical path is substantially equal to the passage time of a second polarization component in the second optical path and in the compensation optical path.

Abstract: An acousto-optical waveguide device, tunable, with a polarization independent response, comprises a substrate in a birefringent and photoelastic material, on which there are obtained at least one stage of polarization mode conversion of two separate polarization components of an optical signal, a first and a second polarization selective element, placed upstream and downstream, respectively, of the conversion stage and at least one compensation stage for the polarization mode conversion, wherein at least one optical waveguide transmits the two polarization components in a combined form.A method for the acousto-optical switching of optical signals is based on two conversions of the polarization components of an optical signal, transmitted separate and not separate, respectively, by acousto-optical interactions with two acoustic waves.

Abstract: An acoustooptical wavelength device for wavelength selection includes one substrate of a birefringent and photoelastic material on which there is formed: first and second rotation stages of the polarization plane of an optical signal in a first wavelength interval, wherein each stage comprises at least one optical waveguide traveled over by the signal; at least one optical waveguide, connecting the two stages and carrying one single polarizer consisting of an evanescent-wave polarization coupler; and at least one optical waveguide carrying one polarizer being finally provided downstream of the second stage.

Abstract: A wavelength selective acousto-optical waveguide device comprises a first and a second optical path in an optical waveguide having a length different by an amount corresponding to a value d=.+-..lambda.(k +m) where d is the difference between the optical paths of the two waveguides, .lambda. is the wavelength of the optical signal, k is a number greater than 0 and less than 1; and m is 0 or a whole number, so as to create a phase shift between at least two parasitic components of the optical signal, such as to generate a destructive interference between the parasitic components.