Abstract: The invention relates to a pole (1) for the transmission of electric power and/or telecommunication signals. The material of the pole includes reinforced concrete with a reinforcement of non-magnetic material. The pole has a length in the range of 2 to 25 m and a maximum cross section dimension less than 0.5 m. According to the invention the pole (1) is hollow along at least a part of its length extension with a cavity (20) surrounded by a layer (9) of reinforced concrete. The pole (1) includes electric power transmission components (14-17) and/or telecommunication components (11-13) arranged in the cavity (20). The electric power transmission components (14-17) include at least one of the components: transformer, energy storage, control equipment and inverter/converter. The telecommunication components (11-13) include at least one of the components: ICT-equipment, transmitter, receiver and antenna. The invention also relates to the use of such poles and to a method related thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pole (1) for the transmission of electric power and/or telecommunication signals. The material of the pole includes reinforced concrete with a reinforcement of non-magnetic material. The pole has a length in the range of 2 to 25 m and a maximum cross section dimension less than 0.5 m. According to the invention the pole (1) is hollow along at least a part of its length extension with a cavity (20) surrounded by a layer (9) of reinforced concrete. The pole (1) includes electric power transmission components (14-17) and/or telecommunication components (11-13) arranged in the cavity (20). The electric power transmission components (14-17) include at least one of the components: transformer, energy storage, control equipment and inverter/converter. The telecommunication components (11-13) include at least one of the components: ICT-equipment, transmitter, receiver and antenna. The invention also relates to the use of such poles and to a method related thereto.

Abstract: A radio data system transmits message groups comprising four blocks of which the first block always carries the program identification code for the transmitting network (P1(TN)). One type of message group, identified by a corresponding group type code (GT) in a second block always carries a program identification code for another network (PI(ON) in a fourth block and carries various corresponding items of information in a third block. Which of these various items is in the third block is identified by a user code (UC) in the second block. The items of information in the third block may in particular include alternative frequency codes for the other network identified in the fourth block.

Abstract: A protection device for high resistance ground faults in a power network according to the invention has a fault detection principle which is based on an indirect study of non-harmonic frequency components of the phase currents. When such a fault has occurred, a considerable change of the energy contents of these frequencies arises. This change can be detected by a device according to the invention. If by comparison (4e) between digitized input signals (I') and a harmonic Fourier model (4d) of the same signals, i.e. generation of the residuals of the system, it is found that a difference exists, and if the corresponding loss function V.sub.N (4f) for a certain time exceeeds a lower limit value - all on condition that a zero sequence current (I.sub.O) exists - then there is a high resistance ground fault on any of the phases of the network.

Abstract: The invention comprises a protective relay with selective phase selection in electric power distribution systems when there are double transmission lines (M1-P1,M2-P2) between two stations (TM, TP) and where the ends of the line are connected to a common busbar system located in each station. The protective device includes a protection unit, terminal, at both ends of each line. All the terminals (M1, M2, P1, P2) include an identical basic design for measurement of phase quantities (17), filtering (18) and A/D conversion (19); furthermore, the identical part includes a parameter estimator (20) for Fourier series expansion of measured phase signals and generation of the respective residuals. The parameter estimator cooperates with a frequency estimator (21) and a sampling regulator (22).

Abstract: The present invention comprises a longitudinal differential protective relay for protection and supervision of power line zones in a distribution system. The protective relays are located at each end of the zones that are desired to be monitored. One of the protective relays operates as a master for the other slave protective relays. A TRIP function indicating a line fault in any protected zone is performed by transmitting locally processed measured signals to the central protective relay which determines if and when any measure is to be taken. Each local protective relay comprises a measuring device, a filter and an A/D converter for phase currents and voltages. The digital signals are used to generate a truncated Fourier model of the measured signals in a parameter estimator which cooperates with a frequency estimator and a sampling regulator which, via a synchronization unit, ensures that sampling is performed simultaneously in all protective relays included in the protective system.