Abstract: A method for a binder-free manufacturing a nanostructured porous film, e.g. for use in solar cells, includes the steps of preparing a suspension of semi-conducting nanometer-sized particles in a volatile suspending agent (21), depositing the particle suspension on a conducting substrate, removing the suspending agent by evaporation (31), thereby leaving a particle layer on said substrate and compressing (P) the deposited particle layer for mechanical and electrical interconnection.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell assembly, e.g. for use in solar panels, is formed by placing coated metal wires (7,9) between the conducting layers (3,6) of two conducting glasses (1,4), respectively. A pressure force (F) is applied to press the metal wires between the conducting layers and to break the coating of the wires, thereby bringing the metal wires in electrical contact with the conducting layers. The coating protects the wires from harmful contact with an electrolyte inside the cell.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell assembly, e.g. for use in solar panels, is formed by placing coated metal wires (7, 9) between the conducting layers (3, 6) of two conducting glasses (1, 4), respectively. A pressure force (F) is applied to press the metal wires between the conducting layers and to break the coating of the wires, thereby bringing the metal wires in electrical contact with the conducting layers. The coating protects the wires from harmful contact with an electrolyte inside the cell.

Abstract: A method for a binder-free manufacturing a nanostructured porous film, e.g.

Abstract: A measuring system with a measuring body (2) mounted on a rotatable shaft (1) and being provided with electrodes (16) for measuring electrical currents obtained through chemical reactions within an analyte solution. In the rotatable shaft is housed an electronic unit (14) for converting the electric current to a measuring signal which is, via a transferring means (6), transferred in an analogue or digital representation to a measuring signal registrating means placed outside of the rotatable shaft.

Abstract: A solar cell driven display is provided with battery backup, where the included components, solar cell and/or battery forms an integrated system based on porous titanium dioxide or other metal oxide films. The solar cell charges the battery and/or operates as a power source for the display. The solar cell and battery as display each include a pair of film electrodes on, for example, glass. They are interconnected by an electrolyte, which brings about charges between the paired electrodes. The solar cell is of a photoelectrochemical type and the battery of a rocking-chair type. By intercalation, for example, by lithium ions in the oxide film it is colored, for example, titanium dioxide becomes blue. Then it may simultaneously operate as a display portion but also as a portion in an electrochemical element of a battery.