Abstract: The invention concerns a maser having an electromagnetic resonant circuit comprising a pick-up coil, a capacitance and a filter coil, an active medium of organic or maser-capable molecules in the pick-up coil as well as a population inversion device for generating a population inversion in the active medium.

Abstract: The problem addressed by the invention is that of providing a coil having advantageous properties for an oscillating circuit, in particular for a measuring device for electromagnetic signals. This problem is solved in that the coil comprises an electric conductor, the ends of which form the two terminals of the coil. Wound sections of the electric conductor are twisted together, that is to say wound helically around one another. The electric conductor is in principle surrounded by insulation, for example made of plastic or varnish. As a result of the twisting, increases in spacing between adjacent conductor sections within the windings are achieved. This results in an improved quality of the coil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring apparatus for detecting weak electromagnetic signals from a sample at low frequencies, specifically in the frequency range of 1 kHz-10 MHz, in particular, and to a measuring method. The problem addressed by the invention is that of providing an apparatus which can be used to detect weak electromagnetic signals from a sample, in particular in the frequency range of 1 kHz-40 MHz, with a good signal-to-noise ratio. For the solution, the measuring apparatus comprises an electromagnetic resonant circuit having a pick-up coil of low quality, a preferably tunable capacitance and a filter coil; the filter coil and the capacitance have a high quality of at least 100, advantageously at least 200, particularly preferably at least 500. Alternatively or additionally, the quality of the resonant circuit is at least 100, advantageously at least 200, particularly preferably at least 500.

Abstract: The invention concerns a maser having an electromagnetic resonant circuit comprising a pick-up coil, a capacitance and a filter coil, an active medium of organic or maser-capable molecules in the pick-up coil as well as a population inversion device for generating a population inversion in the active medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring apparatus for detecting weak electromagnetic signals from a sample at low frequencies, specifically in the frequency range of 1 kHz-10 MHz, in particular, and to a measuring method. The problem addressed by the invention is that of providing an apparatus which can be used to detect weak electromagnetic signals from a sample, in particular in the frequency range of 1 kHz-40 MHz, with a good signal-to-noise ratio. For the solution, the measuring apparatus comprises an electromagnetic resonant circuit having a pick-up coil of low quality, a preferably tunable capacitance and a filter coil; the filter coil and the capacitance have a high quality of at least 100, advantageously at least 200, particularly preferably at least 500. Alternatively or additionally, the quality of the resonant circuit is at least 100, advantageously at least 200, particularly preferably at least 500.

Abstract: The problem addressed by the invention is that of providing a coil having advantageous properties for an oscillating circuit, in particular for a measuring device for electromagnetic signals. This problem is solved in that the coil comprises an electric conductor, the ends of which form the two terminals of the coil. Wound sections of the electric conductor are twisted together, that is to say wound helically around one another. The electric conductor is in principle surrounded by insulation, for example made of plastic or varnish. As a result of the twisting, increases in spacing between adjacent conductor sections within the windings are achieved. This results in an improved quality of the coil.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for hyperpolarizing lithium atoms in a mixture by optically pumping, in a sampling cell, atoms of a first type or alkali metal and by spin exchange between the optically pumped electron of the alkali metal and the lithium atom electron. The lithium atoms are preferably oxidized into Li+ ions and accumulated. The nuclear spin polarization of the Li+ ions can be transmitted to a nuclear spin of an anion. The invention also concerns a method for producing substances with nuclear spin polarization in general. In accordance with said method, lithium atoms are optically pumped from atoms of a first type of alkali metal in a sampling cell and hyperpolarized by spin exchange between the optical pumped electron of the alkali metal and the lithium atom electron, the lithium atoms being then oxidized into Li+ ions. Then, the nuclear spin polarization of the Li+ ions is transmitted to another nucleus of an anion.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for hyperpolarizing lithium atoms in a mixture by optically pumping, in a sampling cell, atoms of a first type or alkali metal and by spin exchange between the optically pumped electron of the alkali metal and the lithium atom electron. The lithium atoms are preferably oxidized into Li+ ions and accumulated. The nuclear spin polarization of the Li+ ions can be transmitted to a nuclear spin of an anion. The invention also concerns a method for producing substances with nuclear spin polarization in general. In accordance with said method, lithium atoms are optically pumped from atoms of a first type of alkali metal in a sampling cell and hyperpolarized by spin exchange between the optical pumped electron of the alkali metal and the lithium atom electron, the lithium atoms being then oxidized into Li+ ions. Then, the nuclear spin polarization of the Li+ ions is transmitted to another nucleus of an anion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging method and device for nuclear magnetic resonance. On the one hand, the method provides an image coding by means of an additional field which has, for each point of a two-dimensional grating surface within the sample, a different field strength value that occurs only once, as is the case, e.g., in fields based on fractal, surface-filling and space-filling curves. On the other hand, the read-out of the resonance behavior of a sample along a space-filling and/or surface-filling curve can be provided. In the first variant, a magnetic resonance (MR) image with a single high-frequency excitation without a time-varying gradient can be recorded, which in turn advantageously prevents the sound generation associated therewith. In the second variant, the sounds generated during read-out are advantageously shifted to another frequency range in which the human hearing is less sensitive.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for examining molecules by means of NMR spectroscopy. It is the object of the invention to be able to characterize a sample with a high resolution and comprehensively. The object is solved by a method and an associated device for examining a sample by means of nuclear magnetic spectroscopy by measuring heteronuclear and homonuclear J-couplings in a small magnetic field and by using the measured heteronuclear and homonuclear J-couplings for characterizing the sample.

Abstract: An apparatus for hyperpolarizing atomic nuclei through optical pumping has a cylindrical optical pumping cell having an inlet and an outlet spaced therefrom. A supply of a mixture of optically pumpable species and hyperpolarizable nuclei is connected to the inlet of the cell. A nozzle at an inlet of the optical pumping cell forms and injects a jet flow of the mixture into the optical pumping cell. It is then drawn out through the outlet such that the mixture touches the inner walls of the optical pumping cell only adjacent the outlet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging method and device for nuclear magnetic resonance. On the one hand, the method provides an image coding by means of an additional field which has, for each point of a two-dimensional grating surface within the sample, a different field strength value that occurs only once, as is the case, e.g., in fields based on fractal, surface-filling and space-filling curves. On the other hand, the read-out of the resonance behavior of a sample along a space-filling and/or surface-filling curve can be provided. In the first variant, a magnetic resonance (MR) image with a single high-frequency excitation without a time-varying gradient can be recorded, which in turn advantageously prevents the sound generation associated therewith. In the second variant, the sounds generated during read-out are advantageously shifted to another frequency range in which the human hearing is less sensitive.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques for both spectroscopy and imaging. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods in which hyperpolarized noble gases (e.g., Xe and He) are used to enhance and improve NMR and MRI. Additionally, the hyperpolarized gas solutions of the invention are useful both in vitro and in vivo to study the dynamics or structure of a system. When used with biological systems, either in vivo or in vitro, it is within the scope of the invention to target the hyperpolarized gas and deliver it to specific regions within the system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for examining molecules by means of NMR spectroscopy. It is the object of the invention to be able to characterize a sample with a high resolution and comprehensively. The object is solved by a method and an associated device for examining a sample by means of nuclear magnetic spectroscopy by measuring heteronuclear and homonuclear J-couplings in a small magnetic field and by using the measured heteronuclear and homonuclear J-couplings for characterizing the sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method as well as a device for analyzing a sample, in particular by MR spectroscopy in weak magnetic fields. The method according to the invention for analyzing a sample provides that a hyperpolarized medium is added to a sample and that the chemical shift is determined. The hyperpolarization causes a greater extent of alignment of the nuclei, thus improving the signal-to-noise-ratio in the measurement of the chemical shift. Thus, the sample is exposed to an alternating electromagnetic field and a static magnetic field B0, and the nuclear magnetic resonance is measured. Due to the hyperpolarization, comparatively weak static magnetic fields suffice for determining the chemical shift. Weak magnetic fields within the sense of the invention are fields having a strength of less than 200 G. For example, they are very weak fields in the range of under B0=0.001, T=10 G.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for enriching hyperpolarized nuclei. According to the inventive method, hyperpolarized atomic nuclei flowing in a gaseous mixture are dissolved in a solvent which is cooled at less than 293 K. A device for carrying out the method comprises at least one chamber with means for the degassing of hyperpolarized atomic nuclei which are dissolved in a solvent which is located in the chamber. The device comprises means for forming a magnetic field of 0.04 T maximum. Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Anreicherung von hyperpolarisienen Atomkernen. Das Ver-fahren sieht vor, in einem Gasgemisch stromende hyperpolarisierte Atomkeme in einem unterhalb 293 K gekühlten Lösungsmittel zu lösen. Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens umfasst mindestens eine Kammer mit Mitteln zur Entgasung von hyperpolarisiente Atomkemen, die in einem in der Kammer befindlichen Lösungsmittel gelöst sind. Die Vorrichtung umfasst Mittel zur Ausbildung eines Magnetfeldes von maximal 0,04 T.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sample cell with a glass body comprising a gas inlet and a gas outlet and at least one orifice, a plane glass window is fused into the orifice, the shape and size of the window corresponds to the shape and size of the orifice, the orifice is limited by a rim, the rim is wider than the thickness of the window, the rim of the window is fused with the rim of the orifice. The invention further relates to a method of producing the sample cell. The window is inserted into the orifice. The rim of the orifice is heated several times from the exterior in such a way that the glass melts and a fused joint is formed between the window and the rim of the orifice. The sample cell produced by the method has a particularly rigid joint between the window and the glass body. Therefore, this glass cell is able to withstand pressures above 10 bar and allows the passage of light without lens effects owing to its plane-parallel windows. The sample cell is used in a polarizer for inert gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the hyperpolarisation of atomic nuclei by means of optical pumps in a sample cell. Polarisation of an electron spin of an optically pumpable species, which is produced by means of laser light, is transferred to the nucleus spin of an atom which is to be hyperpolarisied. According to the invention, components of the mixture and/or other inert compounds for hyperpolarisation are guided in the sample cell such that the mixture does not come into contact with the inner wall of the sample cell, or does to a small degree. A device for carrying out said method comprises at least one means which guides the components of the mixture of non-optical pumpable species and nuclei which are to be hyperpolarisied, and/or other inert compounds for hyperpolarisation, into the sample cell (5) such that the mixture does not come into contact with the inner wall of the sample cell (5), or does to small degree. As a result, the wall can be prevented from sagging.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques for both spectroscopy and imaging. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods in which hyperpolarized noble gases (e.g., Xe and He) are used to enhance and improve NMR and MRI. Additionally, the hyperpolarized gas solutions of the invention are useful both in vitro and in vivo to study the dynamics or structure of a system. When used with biological systems, either in vivo or in vitro, it is within the scope of the invention to target the hyperpolarized gas and deliver it to specific regions within the system.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques for both spectroscopy and imaging. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods in which hyperpolarized noble gases (e.g., Xe and He) are used to enhance and improve NMR and MRI. Additionally, the hyperpolarized gas solutions of the invention are useful both in vitro and in vivo to study the dynamics or structure of a system. When used with biological systems, either in vivo or in vitro, it is within the scope of the invention to target the hyperpolarized gas and deliver it to specific regions within the system.