Abstract: A single-screw extruder for changing a morphology of superabsorbent polymer gel. The single-screw extruder has an input aperture, a channel, a screw and an output aperture. The screw in the invention has a first pitch value of a pitch of the screw flights along the conveying zone of the channel and, following in conveying direction, has a second pitch value of the pitch of the screw flights along the conveying zone of the channel, where the second pitch value is smaller than the first pitch value.

Abstract: A single-screw extruder for changing a morphology of a superabsorbent polymer, specifically a polymer gel. The single-screw extruder has an input aperture, a channel, a screw and an output aperture. The screw has a pitch value of a pitch of the screw flights along the conveying zone of the channel, where the channel has a mixing-element arrangement with at least one mixing element which protrudes into the channel of the single-screw extruder and which is configured for the mixing of the SAP polymer gel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of a gas stream containing nitrogen oxides comprising the steps of: (1) providing a gas stream containing one or more nitrogen oxides; (2) contacting the gas stream provided in step (1) with a transition metal containing zeolitic material having a BEA-type framework structure for reacting one or more of the nitrogen oxides; wherein the zeolitic material is obtainable from an organotemplate-free synthetic process, as well as to an apparatus for the treatment of a gas stream comprising containing nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: Described is a process for the treatment of a gas stream containing nitrogen oxides. The process comprises the steps of: (1) providing a gas stream containing one or more nitrogen oxides; (2) contacting the gas stream provided in step (1) with a transition metal containing zeolitic material having a BEA-type framework structure for reacting one or more of the nitrogen oxides; wherein the zeolitic material is obtainable from an organotemplate-free synthetic process. Also described is an apparatus for the treatment of a gas stream comprising containing nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for decomposition of nitrous oxide and also to its method of preparation and use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to catalyst compositions effective for carrying out three-way conversion including platinum group metal nanoparticles (e.g., nanoparticles of Pt, Pd, Au, Ru, Rh, alloys thereof, and mixtures thereof), the nanoparticles having an average particle size of 15 to 50 nm, wherein the nanoparticles are dispersed on a refractory metal oxide component. In some such catalyst compositions, a significant portion, e.g., at least 90% of the nanoparticles have a particle size within this range. Methods of preparing, and using such catalyst compositions as well as catalyst articles and emission treatment systems comprising such catalyst compositions are also provided herein.

Abstract: A single-screw extruder for changing a morphology of superabsorbent polymer gel. The single-screw extruder has an input aperture, a channel, a screw and an output aperture. The screw in the invention has a first pitch value of a pitch of the screw flights along the conveying zone of the channel and, following in conveying direction, has a second pitch value of the pitch of the screw flights along the conveying zone of the channel, where the second pitch value is smaller than the first pitch value.

Abstract: A single-screw extruder for changing a morphology of a superabsorbent polymer, specifically a polymer gel. The single-screw extruder has an input aperture, a channel, a screw and an output aperture. The screw has a pitch value of a pitch of the screw flights along the conveying zone of the channel, where the channel has a mixing-element arrangement with at least one mixing element which protrudes into the channel of the single-screw extruder and which is configured for the mixing of the SAP polymer gel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nitrous oxide decomposition catalyst, the preparation and use. The catalyst contains rhodium on a catalyst carrier. The carrier is obtained by mixing zirconium dioxide powder with a silicon compound as binder, to form a kneadable composition, homogenizing the composition, shaping the composition into shaped articles, drying and calcination, wherein the binder is selected from silicon compounds of general formulae (I) to (VI) (Hal)xSiR4-x??(I) (Hal)xSi(OR1)4-x??(II) (Hal)xSi(NR1R2)4-x??(III) RxSi(OR1)4-x??(IV) RxSi(NR1R2)4-x??(V) (R1O)xSi(NR1R2)4-x??(VI) where Hal in each occurrence is independently halogen, R in each occurrence is independently H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, arylalkyl or aryl radical, R1 and R2 in each occurrence are each independently H or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, acyl, arylalkyl or aryl radical, and x is from 0 to 4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for decomposition of nitrous oxide and also to its method of preparation and use.

Abstract: A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles is provided, comprising a) a polymerization step in which an aqueous monomer solution comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer M which bears acid groups and may have been at least partly neutralized and at least one crosslinker is polymerized to obtain an aqueous polymer gel; b) a pelletization step in which the aqueous polymer gel having a solids content of 35 to 70% by weight and a temperature of 75 to 125° C. is forced from a high-pressure zone through a die plate into a low-pressure zone and pellets are obtained, the pressure differential between the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone being 4 to less than 14 bar and the orifice ratio of the die plate being 30 to 80%; c) a drying step in which the pellets are dried to a moisture content of less than 10% by weight; d) a grinding step and a classifying step to obtain water-absorbing polymer particles; and e) surface crosslinking of the water-absorbing polymer particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing cyclohexane by isomerizing a hydrocarbon mixture (HM1) comprising methylcyclopentane (MCP) in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is preferably an acidic ionic liquid. The starting material used is a stream (S1) which originates from a steamcracking process. The hydrocarbon mixture (HM1) obtained from this stream (S1) in an apparatus for aromatics removal has a reduced aromatics content compared to stream (S1), and (HM1) may optionally also be (virtually) free of aromatics. Depending on the type and amount of the aromatics remaining in the hydrocarbon mixture (HM1), especially in the case that benzene is present, the isomerization may additionally be preceded by performance of a hydrogenation of (HM1). In addition, depending on the presence of other components of (HM1), further purification steps may optionally be performed prior to or after the isomerization or hydrogenation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for decomposition of nitrous oxide and also to its method of preparation and use.

Abstract: Crosslinked polymer particles having a) a proportion of particles having a particle size of 150 to 300 ?m of at least 20% by weight, b) a free swell rate of the entirety of the polymer particles FSRoverall of at least 0.25 g/g·s, c) a difference ?FSR of at least 0.15, d) a centrifuge retention capacity CRC of at least 25.0 g/g, and e) a permeability of the swollen gel bed SFC of at least 90×10?7 cm3·s/g are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles is provided, comprising a) a polymerization step in which an aqueous monomer solution comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer M which bears acid groups and may have been at least partly neutralized and at least one crosslinker is polymerized to obtain an aqueous polymer gel; b) a pelletization step in which the aqueous polymer gel having a solids content of 35 to 70% by weight and a temperature of 75 to 125° C. is forced from a high-pressure zone through a die plate into a low-pressure zone and pellets are obtained, the pressure differential between the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone being 4 to less than 14 bar and the orifice ratio of the die plate being 30 to 80%; c) a drying step in which the pellets are dried to a moisture content of less than 10% by weight; d) a grinding step and a classifying step to obtain water-absorbing polymer particles; and e) surface crosslinking of the water-absorbing polymer particles.

Abstract: Water-absorbing polymer particles are formed from crosslinked polymer chains comprising predominantly polymerized units of at least partly neutralized acrylic acid. They have a) a proportion of particles having a particle size of 150 to 300 ?m of at least 20% by weight, b) a free swell rate of the entirety of the polymer particles FSRoverall of at least 0.25 g/g·s, c) a difference ?FSR of at least 0.15, d) a centrifuge retention capacity CRC of at least 25.0 g/g, and e) a permeability of the swollen gel bed SFC of at least 90×10?7 cm3·s/g. ?FSR is defined as =?FSR=FSR150-300 ?m?FSRoverall in which FSR150-300 ?m represents the free swell rate of the polymer particles having a particle size of 150 to 300 ?m. The absorption capacity of the entirety of the polymer particles is substantially utilized even in the case of segregation of particles of different size.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable mixture comprising surface-modified particles which are obtained by reacting metal oxide or semimetal oxide particles with at least one compound selected from among silicon-comprising compounds bearing one, two or three alkoxy radicals and at least one solvent, at least one surface-active substance or a mixture thereof, the use of these particles in systems in which they are brought into contact with at least one solvent, where the mass ratio of solvent to modified particle is greater than 500, and also the use of these particles in agglomeration-deagglomeration cycles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for the separation of magnetic constituents from a dispersion comprising these magnetic constituents and nonmagnetic constituents, comprising at least one loop-like canal (5) through which a dispersion flows having at least two inlets (1, 2) and at least two outlets (3, 4), further comprising at least one magnet (6) that is moveable alongside the canal (5), wherein the canal (5) is arranged relative to gravity in a way that nonmagnetic constituents are assisted to go into at least the one first outlet (3) (stream I) by sedimentation and by the current of the dispersion and magnetic constituents are forced into at least one second outlet (4) (stream II) by magnetic force against a current of flushing water. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for the separation of magnetic constituents from a dispersion comprising these magnetic constituents and nonmagnetic constituents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable mixture comprising surface-modified particles which are obtained by reacting metal oxide or semimetal oxide particles with at least one compound selected from among silicon-comprising compounds bearing at least one metaloxy radical and optionally further alkoxy and/or hydroxy radical(s) and at least one solvent, at least one surface-active substance or a mixture thereof, a process for producing the mixture, the use of these particles in systems in which they are brought into contact with at least one solvent, where the mass ratio of solvent to modified particle is greater than 500, and also the use of these particles in agglomeration-deagglomeration cycles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing cycloheptene and derivatives thereof by ring-closing metathesis of unsymmetric 1,8-dienes whose C—C double bond at the 8 position is nonterminal. Cycloheptene and the cycloheptanone, cycloheptylamine, cycloheptanecarbaldehyde, cycloheptanecarboxylic acid and cycloheptanecarbonyl chloride conversion products thereof, and the derivatives thereof, are important synthesis units for active ingredient compounds. The ring-closing metathesis is preferably performed as a reactive distillation. The unsymmetric 1,8-dienes for the ring-closing metathesis can be obtained by catalytic decarbonylation or oxidative decarboxylation from the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives.