Abstract: A device to join a longitudinal support (3) with a bone, in particular with a body of the vertebra, comprising a bone anchoring element (1) that can be fixed on a bone, a connecting element (9) provided on the rear end (5) of the bone anchoring element (1) with a channel axis (27) passing through the connecting element (9) transversely to the central axis (2) to accept a longitudinal support (3), tightening means (13) which can be connected with the free end (21) of the connecting element (9) and are suitable for the fixing of a longitudinal support (3) introduced into the channel (25), and a tilting element (8) provided in the channel (25), said tilting element being rotatable about both the central axis (2) and the axis (7) of rotation that is transverse to the axis (7) of the channel.

Abstract: A damping element for the dynamic stabilization of two bones, particularly of two adjacent bodies of the vertebra, includes a flexible spring element having a hollow space. The hollow space is open on a first end and closed on a second end by a wall extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the damping element. A clamping sleeve is inserted at least partially into the hollow space. The sleeve has a front end directed towards the wall of the flexible spring element. The distance between the front end and the wall affects the damping characteristics of the damping element. A coaxial connecting element is attached to each end of the flexible spring element. Each connecting element is configured to be connected within an osteosynthetic stabilizing device.

Abstract: A device for elastically stabilizing vertebral bodies includes at least two bone anchoring means, each having a central axis and a head segment. The device also includes elastic means that can be joined to the head segments of two adjacent bone anchoring means in such a manner that the longitudinal axis of the elastic means extends transversely to the central axes of the bone anchoring means. Under compressive loads, the elastic means has a progressive spring characteristic. The elastic means is manufactured from a metallic material and has a plurality of spring coils, of which at least two spring coils have a geometric dimension which is different from the other spring coils.

Abstract: A longitudinal support having a first and second longitudinal support element. The first longitudinal support element having a longitudinal axis, includes first and second coaxial connecting segments provided with a first end and a second end, and an deformable articulated socket on the second connecting segment first longitudinal support element. The deformable articulated socket is axially open and can be deformed transversely to the longitudinal axis. The articulated socket includes a hollow spherical segment-like cavity with a diameter of D with an opening on the second end that is concentric with the longitudinal axis and has a diameter of d, while d<D. Further, the first connecting segment of the first longitudinal support element has a thread extending parallel to the longitudinal axis. The second longitudinal support element having a longitudinal axis, includes first and second coaxial connecting segments with a first end and a second end.

Abstract: An intervertebral implant includes a middle part, comprising two pins, which can be introduced into the intervertebral space between two vertebrae having a central axis, a first end intersecting the central axis, and a second end intersecting the central axis, and two longitudinal parts each with a longitudinal axis extending transversely to the central axis of the middle part and each with an apposition surface directed transversely to the central axis of the middle part contacting the two processi spinosi of two adjacent vertebra bodies. Each part is connectable with one end of the middle part in such a manner that the apposition surfaces are directed against one another. The middle part of the implant is extendable transversely to its central axis along the longitudinal axes of the two parts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fabrication method for a semiconductor structure in a substrate, the semiconductor structure having at least two regions that are to be patterned differently. A fabrication of a patterned first region in the substrate, so that the semiconductor structure has a non-patterned second region and the patterned first region, is followed by a deposition of a cover layer that grows over the patterned first region, so that the cover layer above the patterned first region forms a closure, which covers over the patterned first region. This is followed by a fabrication of the patterned second region, the patterned first region remaining protected at least by the closure of the cover layer. The final step effected is a removal of the cover layer above the semiconductor structure, which now has two differently patterned regions.

Abstract: A method for determining the ignition angle for an internal combustion engine with adaptive knocking control, in which the occurrence of knocking is reduced by a controlled adjustment of the ignition angle in the retarded direction. The current values for the adjustment in the retarded direction are stored in a characteristic diagram in an operating parameter-dependent fashion. An average adjustment in the retarded direction is determined from these characteristic diagram values, and both a correction ignition angle and a control range limitation for the knocking control are determined therefrom. The fuel quality and ambient influences are automatically sensed with reference to a learned RON level and are also used to reduce the amount of energy expended to control engine knocking.

Abstract: A device for detecting a knocking in an internal combustion engine has an evaluating facility, a knock sensor for sensing knocking of an internal combustion engine and producing output signals of the knocking sensor, an evaluation facility for obtaining the filtered signals from the filter from the devices and evaluating the same and a device for controlling a center frequency of at least one of the filter devices depending on at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine.