Abstract: Organic light-emitting diodes as well as luminaires with such organic light-emitting diodes are specified. The luminaires may in particular be the following apparatuses, or the luminaires are part of existing apparatuses: alarm, shower cubicle, shower head, solar protection, rain protection, lamp, bed, signaling light, changing cubicle, vision protection, housing, emergency lighting, mirror, slabs, ceiling lights, radiator cladding, blinds, noise protection, umbrella, warning light.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has an electrically assisted steering system. A steering angle velocity of the motor vehicle, and a driver manual torque change applied by a driver of the motor vehicle are determined. At least the steering angle velocity and the driver manual torque change are analyzed to determine whether the driver manual torque change and the steering angle velocity are not correlated. An error signal is output if the driver manual torque change and the steering angle velocity are not correlated.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has an electrically assisted steering system. A steering angle velocity of the motor vehicle, and a driver manual torque change applied by a driver of the motor vehicle are determined. At least the steering angle velocity and the driver manual torque change are analyzed to determine whether the driver manual torque change and the steering angle velocity are not correlated. An error signal is output if the driver manual torque change and the steering angle velocity are not correlated.

Abstract: Urethanes are prepared by oxidative carbonylation of at least one amino compound in the presence of carbon monoxide, oxygen and organic, at least one hydroxyl-group-carrying compound. The carbonylation is carried out in the absence of halogen-containing promoters. The carbonylation is also carried out in the presence of a metal complex catalyst which contains neutral bidentate N-chelate ligands of the (N˜N) type, two monoanionic N,O-chelate ligands of the general type (N˜O)? or tetradentate dianionic chelate ligands (O˜N˜N˜O)2?.

Abstract: Urethanes are prepared by oxidative carbonylation of at least one amino compound in the presence of carbon monoxide, oxygen and organic, at least one hydroxyl-group-carrying compound. The carbonylation is carried out in the absence of halogen-containing promoters. The carbonylation is also carried out in the presence of a metal complex catalyst which contains neutral bidentate N-chelate ligands of the (N˜N) type, two monoanionic N,O-chelate ligands of the general type (N˜O)? or tetradentate dianionic chelate ligands (O˜N˜N˜O)2?.

Abstract: Urethanes are prepared by oxidative carbonylation of at least one amino compound in the presence of carbon monoxide, oxygen and organic, at least one hydroxyl-group-carrying compound. The carbonylation is carried out in the absence of halogen-containing promoters. The carbonylation is also carried out in the presence of a metal complex catalyst which contains neutral bidentate N-chelate ligands of the (N˜N) type, two monoanionic N,O-chelate ligands of the general type (N˜O)? or tetradentate dianionic chelate ligands (O˜N˜N˜O)2?.

Abstract: For the purpose of transferring a tube in a tube filling machine between a staging location and a set-down location, the tube at the staging location is gripped at its lateral surface by a holding device and transported by a transfer device to the set-down location where it is set down while simultaneously being rotated about its longitudinal axis or about an axis parallel thereto during transport. Such a transfer device has a multiple-member articulated arm, which has at least one 1st arm member that is mounted to pivot about a rotary axis and directly or indirectly pivotably supports at least one holding member. The holding member carries at least one holding device by means of which the tube can be picked up and which can be pivoted about an axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube or that coincides therewith.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing urethanes or ureas or mixtures of urethanes and ureas by oxidative carbonylation of organic amines in the presence of carbon monoxide, oxygen and a catalyst, where the catalyst used is a transition metal complex containing the structural feature: [Mn+(O˜N˜O)2?](n?2)+(L)m(Z?)n?2 and the method is carried out under halogen-free reaction conditions. The invention further relates to transition metal complexes containing said structural feature and also to the use of such transition metal complexes as catalysts in the production of urethanes or ureas or mixtures of urethanes and ureas.

Abstract: For the purpose of transferring a tube in a tube filling machine between a staging location and a set-down location, the tube at the staging location is gripped at its lateral surface by a holding device and transported by a transfer device to the set-down location where it is set down while simultaneously being rotated about its longitudinal axis or about an axis parallel thereto during transport. Such a transfer device has a multiple-member articulated arm, which has at least one 1st arm member that is mounted to pivot about a rotary axis and directly or indirectly pivotably supports at least one holding member. The holding member carries at least one holding device by means of which the tube can be picked up and which can be pivoted about an axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube or that coincides therewith.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing urethanes or ureas or mixtures of urethanes and ureas by oxidative carbonylation of organic amines in the presence of carbon monoxide, oxygen and a catalyst, where the catalyst used is a transition metal complex containing the structural feature: [Mn+(O˜N˜O)2?](n-2)+(L)m(Z?)n-2 and the method is carried out under halogen-free reaction conditions. The invention further relates to transition metal complexes containing said structural feature and also to the use of such transition metal complexes as catalysts in the production of urethanes or ureas or mixtures of urethanes and ureas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel catalyst for producing N-substituted carbamates, the preparation of the catalyst and an improved method for producing N-substituted carbamates from these novel catalysts. The active component of the catalyst is a heteropoly acid and the catalyst support comprises a metal oxide or a metalloid oxide. The catalyst can be used to promote the reaction of carbamate and amine, thereby generating N-substituted carbamates with high yield. In the presence of the catalyst, the reaction conditions are relatively mild, the catalytic activity and selectivity of the reaction are high, and the reaction time is relatively short. Furthermore, the catalyst can be conveniently separated from the reaction system and recycled, therefore, the catalyst can be used to facilitate the further scale-up test and commercial application.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparing aromatic carbamates which comprises the reaction of an aromatic amine with an organic carbonate in the presence of a catalyst characterized in that Zn4O(OAc)6 is used as catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel catalyst for producing N-substituted carbamates, the preparation of the catalyst and an improved method for producing N-substituted carbamates from these novel catalysts. The active component of the catalyst is a heteropoly acid and the catalyst support comprises a metal oxide or a metalloid oxide. The catalyst can be used to promote the reaction of carbamate and amine, thereby generating N-substituted carbamates with high yield. In the presence of the catalyst, the reaction conditions are relatively mild, the catalytic activity and selectivity of the reaction are high, and the reaction time is relatively short. Furthermore, the catalyst can be conveniently separated from the reaction system and recycled. therefore, the catalyst can be used to facilitate the further scale-up test and commercial application.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a novel method for preparing a carbamate, in which the method comprises reacting an aliphatic substituted urea and/or its derivatives, with a hydroxyl group containing compound to obtain a carbamate. In addition, the present invention provides a novel catalyst which is suitable for catalyzing the reaction to form a carbamate, and a method for preparing the novel catalyst. The method of the present invention for preparing a carbamate does not involve the application of carbon monoxide which is toxic, and the reaction conditions are relatively mild with high catalytic activity, high reaction selectivity of the catalyst, and a relatively short reaction time. Furthermore, the catalyst is separated from the reaction system and reused easily, which will facilitates scale up and industrial application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the synthesis of organic carbonates, the preparation of the catalyst and the application of this catalyst in the synthesis of organic carbonates from reacting urea and hydroxyl group containing compounds. The catalyst provided in this invention is a calcinate of hydrous salt containing rare earth element at a moderate calcining temperature.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a catalyst for the synthesis of organic alkyl carbamates, the method for preparing the same and the use thereof. The catalyst comprises a catalytically active component and a catalyst support, and the catalytically active component being carried by the catalyst support, wherein the catalytically active component comprises a transition metal oxide, and the general formula of the transition metal oxide is EOx, wherein E is selected from transition metal element and x is in the range of 0.5-4.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparing aromatic carbamates which comprises the reaction of an aromatic amine with an organic carbonate in the presence of a catalyst characterized in that Zn4O(OAc)6 is used as catalyst.

Abstract: A transfer device for transferring a folding box from a magazine that accommodates flat folding boxes, to a transport device comprises a holding device which takes over the folding box, holds it during transfer, and can be moved along a cycloid path having several turning points and intermediate curved sections. The transfer device comprises a basic lever which performs a continuous steady rotary motion, a first lever pair comprising a first lever which is pivotably disposed on the basic lever via a first joint, and a second lever which is pivotably disposed on the first lever via a second joint, and a second lever pair comprising a third lever which is pivotably disposed on the basic lever via a third joint, and a fourth lever which is pivotably disposed on the third lever via a fourth joint. The holding device is mounted to a holding block which is pivotably connected to the second lever of the first lever pair via a further joint. A pivotably disposed guiding part is provided, which has a linear guidance.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a catalyst for the synthesis of organic alkyl carbamates, the method for preparing the same and the use thereof. The catalyst comprises a catalytically active component and a catalyst support, and the catalytically active component being carried by the catalyst support, wherein the catalytically active component comprises a transition metal oxide, and the general formula of the transition metal oxide is EOx, wherein E is selected from transition metal element and x is in the range of 0.5-4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the synthesis of organic carbonates, the preparation of the catalyst and the application of this catalyst in the synthesis of organic carbonates from reacting urea and hydroxyl group containing compounds. The catalyst provided in this invention is a calcinate of hydrous salt containing rare earth element at a moderate calcining temperature.