Abstract: An apparatus, for dose measurement designed for use in an x-ray device, is disclosed. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a mirror element designed to inject a light field into an x-ray beam penetrating through the mirror element; and a measuring device to measure radiation-induced changes to a carrier material. The carrier material is part of the mirror element and/or another component of the apparatus, which lies in the radiation field of the x-ray device when used normally in an x-ray device. A corresponding method for dose measurement and to an x-ray device is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus, for dose measurement designed for use in an x-ray device, is disclosed. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a mirror element designed to inject a light field into an x-ray beam penetrating through the mirror element; and a measuring device to measure radiation-induced changes to a carrier material. The carrier material is part of the mirror element and/or another component of the apparatus, which lies in the radiation field of the x-ray device when used normally in an x-ray device. A corresponding method for dose measurement and to an x-ray device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for reading a serial data stream in a piece of automation technology equipment includes encoding the data stream to include at least two symbols which are distinguishable by a time interval between two successive signal edges. The data stream is delivered to a read unit including a symbol recognition unit which associates a time sequence of the signal edges with a respective one of the symbols taking into account a period of time including a current symbol duration of one of the symbols to be currently associated and at least one old symbol duration of a preceding one of the symbols.

Abstract: A position-measuring device includes a position-sensing unit, a processing unit, an interface unit, a clock generator and a time measurement unit position-sensing unit configured to generate digital position values. The processing unit processes instructions from subsequent electronics. The interface unit communicates with the subsequent electronics, according to rules of an interface protocol, via at least one interface line that transmits interface signals having a temporal behavior that is determined by the interface protocol so as to transmit the instructions from the subsequent electronics to the processing unit. The clock generator generates a clock signal that serves as a time base for functions of the position-sensing unit and the processing unit. The time measurement unit uses the clock signal as a time base, receives at least one interface signal and measures a time interval between a start event and a stop event of the at least one interface signal.

Abstract: A method generates an asynchronous trigger signal in a position-measuring device having a position-sensing unit, a processing unit and an interface unit. The position-measuring device is connectable via the interface unit and a bidirectional data channel to subsequent electronics for communication purposes. A synchronous data stream is generated from an asynchronous data stream arriving at the position-measuring device from a direction of the subsequent electronics by sampling the asynchronous data stream in a time pattern of a clock signal. A gate signal is generated upon an enable condition for outputting the trigger signal being detected by evaluating the synchronous data stream. The asynchronous trigger signal is generated upon the gate signal being present and a signal edge of the asynchronous data stream occurring.

Abstract: A device for manipulating interface signals includes a slave interface, which is connectable to a master interface of a control device, a master interface, which is connectable to a slave interface of a measuring device, and a circuit configuration, which is supplied with at least one data-input signal per interface, and which outputs a corresponding data-output signal per data-input signal to the respective other interface. The circuit configuration includes at least one manipulation unit, to which a data-input signal and a substitute-data signal are supplied and which outputs a corresponding data-output signal, as well as a protocol unit, to which at least one protocol-relevant interface signal is supplied and which, based on manipulation rules and information received with the at least one protocol-relevant interface signal, chooses when the at least one manipulation unit outputs the corresponding data-input signal or the substitute-data signal as data-output signal.

Abstract: A method for serial data transmission between a position-measuring device and subsequent electronics over a bidirectional data channel includes transmitting data in data frames and in encoded form in accordance with a data transmission code. The data transmission in each case is initiated by an interface unit at a transmitter end with a start sequence having an encoding scheme that at least partially differs from an encoding scheme of a remainder of the data frames. After a reversal of data direction, an interface unit at a receiver end detects a beginning of the data transmission in each case by detection of the start sequence.

Abstract: A method for reading a serial data stream in a piece of automation technology equipment includes encoding the data stream to include at least two symbols which are distinguishable by a time interval between two successive signal edges. The data stream is delivered to a read unit including a symbol recognition unit which associates a time sequence of the signal edges with a respective one of the symbols taking into account a period of time including a current symbol duration of one of the symbols to be currently associated and at least one old symbol duration of a preceding one of the symbols.

Abstract: A device for transmitting sensor data, includes a slave interface connectable to a master interface of a control device, a master interface connectable to a slave interface of a measuring device, at least one sensor interface connectable to a sensor, and a circuit configuration including a manipulation unit and protocol unit. A master-data input signal of the master interface and a sensor-data output signal are supplied to the manipulation unit, which outputs a slave-data output signal to the slave interface. At least one protocol-relevant interface signal of the slave interface or the master interface, and a sensor-data signal of the sensor interface, are supplied to the protocol unit, which generates the sensor-data output signal and, based on manipulation rules and the at least one protocol-relevant interface signal, selects when the manipulation unit outputs the master-data input signal of the master interface or the sensor-data output signal as slave-data output signal.

Abstract: A method for serial data transmission between a position-measuring device and subsequent electronics over a bidirectional data channel includes transmitting data in data frames and in encoded form in accordance with a data transmission code. The data transmission in each case is initiated by an interface unit at a transmitter end with a start sequence having an encoding scheme that at least partially differs from an encoding scheme of a remainder of the data frames. After a reversal of data direction, an interface unit at a receiver end detects a beginning of the data transmission in each case by detection of the start sequence.

Abstract: A method generates an asynchronous trigger signal in a position-measuring device having a position-sensing unit, a processing unit and an interface unit. The position-measuring device is connectable via the interface unit and a bidirectional data channel to subsequent electronics for communication purposes. A synchronous data stream is generated from an asynchronous data stream arriving at the position-measuring device from a direction of the subsequent electronics by sampling the asynchronous data stream in a time pattern of a clock signal. A gate signal is generated upon an enable condition for outputting the trigger signal being detected by evaluating the synchronous data stream. The asynchronous trigger signal is generated upon the gate signal being present and a signal edge of the asynchronous data stream occurring.

Abstract: A method for transferring data between a position-measuring device and an associated processing unit includes transferring first data having a first priority in successive cycles from the position-measuring device to the processing unit. The successive cycles are in each case initiated by a request command by the processing unit requesting the first data from the position-measuring device. Second data having a second, lower priority is transferred from the position-measuring device to the processing unit in at least a portion of the successive cycles with the first data. Types of the second data being transferred in a respective one of the successive cycles are variable. At least one particular type, of the types of the second data to be transferred, is assigned to individual cycles of the successive cycles using information stored in the position-measuring device without involvement of the processing unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for angle measurement that includes a graduation carrier with a code track disposed concentrically to a center point of the graduation carrier. The apparatus includes a first scanning unit having a first interface and a second scanning unit having a second interface, wherein the first and second scanning units ascertain angle values of the graduation carrier by scanning the code track. The apparatus further includes a control unit having: 1) a device interface that is in communication with a follower electronics unit, 2) a control unit interface that is in communication with the first and second interfaces and 3) a processing unit. By which the processing unit, angle values of the first and second scanning units can be requested and processed into a corrected angle value, and the corrected angle value can be transmitted to the follower electronics unit via the device interface.

Abstract: A position-measuring device includes a position-sensing unit, a processing unit, an interface unit, a clock generator and a time measurement unit position-sensing unit configured to generate digital position values. The processing unit processes instructions from subsequent electronics. The interface unit communicates with the subsequent electronics, according to rules of an interface protocol, via at least one interface line that transmits interface signals having a temporal behavior that is determined by the interface protocol so as to transmit the instructions from the subsequent electronics to the processing unit. The clock generator generates a clock signal that serves as a time base for functions of the position-sensing unit and the processing unit. The time measurement unit uses the clock signal as a time base, receives at least one interface signal and measures a time interval between a start event and a stop event of the at least one interface signal.

Abstract: A method for transferring data between a position-measuring device and an associated processing unit includes transferring first data having a first priority in successive cycles from the position-measuring device to the processing unit. The successive cycles are in each case initiated by a request command by the processing unit requesting the first data from the position-measuring device. Second data having a second, lower priority is transferred from the position-measuring device to the processing unit in at least a portion of the successive cycles with the first data. Types of the second data being transferred in a respective one of the successive cycles are variable. At least one particular type, of the types of the second data to be transferred, is assigned to individual cycles of the successive cycles using information stored in the position-measuring device without involvement of the processing unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for angle measurement that includes a graduation carrier with a code track disposed concentrically to a center point of the graduation carrier. The apparatus includes a first scanning unit having a first interface and a second scanning unit having a second interface, wherein the first and second scanning units ascertain angle values of the graduation carrier by scanning the code track. The apparatus further includes a control unit having: 1) a device interface that is in communication with a follower electronics unit, 2) a control unit interface that is in communication with the first and second interfaces and 3) a processing unit. By which the processing unit, angle values of the first and second scanning units can be requested and processed into a corrected angle value, and the corrected angle value can be transmitted to the follower electronics unit via the device interface.

Abstract: A device for manipulating interface signals includes a slave interface, which is connectable to a master interface of a control device, a master interface, which is connectable to a slave interface of a measuring device, and a circuit configuration, which is supplied with at least one data-input signal per interface, and which outputs a corresponding data-output signal per data-input signal to the respective other interface. The circuit configuration includes at least one manipulation unit, to which a data-input signal and a substitute-data signal are supplied and which outputs a corresponding data-output signal, as well as a protocol unit, to which at least one protocol-relevant interface signal is supplied and which, based on manipulation rules and information received with the at least one protocol-relevant interface signal, chooses when the at least one manipulation unit outputs the corresponding data-input signal or the substitute-data signal as data-output signal.