Abstract: Methods for layout decomposition of photolithographic masks are provided. The decomposition creates domains that can be sent to independent computing resources for optimization. A first partition is created for the photolithographic mask design. Buffer regions are created around photolithographic features and a search distance is selected. The buffer regions and search distance are used in a pathfinding algorithm to determine new boundaries for new domains. The methods can be stored, for example, on at least one machine-readable storage medium as non-transitory instructions.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a Method for using and generating a map, in particular an indoor map, allowing for localizing a position based on one or more detected wireless signals originating from one or more sources (SRC1, SRC2, SRC3, SRC4), whereby a source (SRC1, SRC2, SRC3, SRC4) is selected from the group comprising near field communication device, mobile telephone, W-LAN access point, Bluetooth access point, etc. The method comprises a step of detecting (100) at certain positions (P1, P2, P3, P4); each of said certain positions corresponding to a position on the map, by a plurality of detectors (MD1, MD2, MD3, MD4) at substantially the same time at least one wireless signal originating from at least one of said one or more sources (SRC1, SRC2, SRC3, SRC4) with respect to its signal strength.

Abstract: Defective artifact removal is described in photolithography masks corrected for optical proximity. In one example a method is described in which partitions are identified in a mask design for independent optimization. The partitions are grouped and ordering into stages. The first stage is processed. Geometries are extracted from the periphery of the first stage partitions. The extracted geometries are added to the peripheries of second stage partitions. Then the second stage partitions are processed.

Abstract: With the different methods of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, physical and biological transport processes in or between cells in the microscopic range, for example diffusion processes, can be analyzed. For this purpose, correlations of the fluorescence measurement data are determined for different sample regions and mathematical transport models are adapted thereto. Erroneous fluorescence correlation analyses were previously identified on the basis of the properties of the adapted model function parameters and were discarded. The a-priori knowledge necessary for the identification had to be obtained in time-consuming series of tests. With the invention, sample properties can be determined in a simpler, quicker and more exact way from fluorescence correlations.

Abstract: Defective artifact removal is described in photolithography masks corrected for optical proximity. In one example a method is described in which partitions are identified in a mask design for independent optimization. The partitions are grouped and ordering into stages. The first stage is processed. Geometries are extracted from the periphery of the first stage partitions. The extracted geometries are added to the peripheries of second stage partitions. Then the second stage partitions are processed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and an arrangement for displaying residual errors of a function which is fitted to a set of points. In the prior art, the residual errors are displayed in a separate graph apart from the function graph so that it is difficult for an observer to discern the quality of the fit of the function to the data points. An improved method and an improved arrangement make it possible to visually assess the quality of the fit in a simple, accurate manner. According to the invention, visual codes are assigned to the fitted function or to the data points of the point set piecewise or pointwise depending on the residual errors, and the fitted function is displayed graphically at an interface, wherein the fitted function is displayed piecewise or pointwise in the form of the assigned visual codes. The invention is preferably used for raster image spectroscopy with laser scanning microscopes.

Abstract: By means of an improved configuration method, mathematical transport models can be fitted to correlations determined by means of scanning fluorescence spectroscopy with few errors. With improved methods for carrying out or evaluating a raster image correlation spectroscopy measurement (RICS) measurement, the amount of data to be stored can be reduced and RICS correlations of high statistical quality can be determined within a short period of time. For a raster image correlation spectroscopy measurement, a best value for a sampling value is determined and is specified for a subsequent scanning process on a sample. In order to carry out or evaluate a RICS measurement, sampling values are acquired or a correlation is determined exclusively in a sample region within which a pixel time (?P) changes along a harmonically controlled scan axis (X) by less than, or at most by, a predetermined or predeterminable value.

Abstract: With the different methods of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, physical and biological transport processes in or between cells in the microscopic range, for example diffusion processes, can be analyzed. For this purpose, correlations of the fluorescence measurement data are determined for different sample regions and mathematical transport models are adapted thereto. Erroneous fluorescence correlation analyses were previously identified on the basis of the properties of the adapted model function parameters and were discarded. The a-priori knowledge necessary for the identification had to be obtained in time-consuming series of tests. With the invention, sample properties can be determined in a simpler, quicker and more exact way from fluorescence correlations.

Abstract: 1.1. Method for the configuration a laser scanning microscope for a raster image correlation spectroscopy measurement and method for carrying out and evaluating a measurement of this kind. 2.1. Manual setting of the scan parameters for a raster image correlation spectroscopy measurement (RICS) is complicated because the effects of setting a certain parameter are not apparent due to the complex interaction between the various parameters and also depend on the physical-technical properties of the microscope. By means of an improved configuration method, mathematical transport models can be fitted to correlations determined by means of scanning fluorescence spectroscopy with few errors. With improved methods for carrying out or evaluating a RICS measurement, the amount of data to be stored can be reduced and RICS correlations of high statistical quality can be determined within a short period of time. 2.2.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and an arrangement for displaying residual errors of a function which is fitted to a set of points. In the prior art, the residual errors are displayed in a separate graph apart from the function graph so that it is difficult for an observer to discern the quality of the fit of the function to the data points. An improved method and an improved arrangement make it possible to visually assess the quality of the fit in a simple, accurate manner. According to the invention, visual codes are assigned to the fitted function or to the data points of the point set piecewise or pointwise depending on the residual errors, and the fitted function is displayed graphically at an interface, wherein the fitted function is displayed piecewise or pointwise in the form of the assigned visual codes. The invention is preferably used for raster image spectroscopy with laser scanning microscopes.

Abstract: In a control valve for lubricating channels of motor vehicles, wherein a control element is associated with a control opening and biased by a first actuating member to an end position sealing the control opening and by means of a second actuating member which acts in an opposite direction, the pressure effective on the control element by lubricant via the control opening acts thereon in a perpendicular manner in relation to the direction of displacement of the control element so that no axial force is effective on the control element, the second actuating member consists of a memory metal which is activated at a predetermined temperature to move the control element out of its closing position against a stop element which is replaceably mounted on the valve housing.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing linear or branched sulphurous polymers such as polyarylene sulphides, in particular polyphenylene sulphide, from an aromatic dihalide compound and a sulphide in a solvent, wherein a) the aromatic dihalide compound and the sulphide are partially reacted; b) the resultant salt which is not dissolved in the reaction medium is separated off; and c) the reaction mixture largely freed of the salt is further polymerized.